Comparison of thrombocyte counts during the post-oral administration of aspirin and the Holothuria scabra ethanol extract in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Downloads
Background: Long bleeding time is a risk factor in dental treatment, especially in patients who consume aspirin or other antithrombotic drugs. Holothuria scabra (H. scabra) are mostly echinodermata and have been studied in Indonesia; they contain omega-3 and glycosaminoglycans, with an influence of an antithrombotic drug. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the thrombocyte counts during the post-administration of aspirin and the H. scabra extract in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: This study was true experimental with a post-test control group design. The sample consisting of 30 healthy male Wistar rats (R. norvegicus) with a bodyweight of 150–250 g was divided into three groups (n = 10). The rats in Group 1 were given sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na CMC). The rats in Group 2 were given aspirin, and the rats in Group 3 were given the H. scabra ethanol extract with a 25 mg/200 g dose as per their body weight (BW). Oral administration was given for seven days. The rats' blood was taken on the eighth day. The amount of thrombocyte was measured using Wright's stain methods. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) tests were conducted for data analysis (p < 0.05). Results: The thrombocyte counts (179.00 ± 10.56) in aspirin administration were lower than those in H. scabra (265.00 ± 18.54) and control groups (334.17 ± 13.9), with a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.0001; p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicates that the oral administration of aspirin and H. scabra decreases thrombocyte counts, whereas the administration of aspirin reduces thrombocyte counts to levels lower than those in H. scabra in Wistar rats (R. norvegicus).
Downloads
Herrington W, Lacey B, Sherliker P, Armitage J, Lewington S. Epidemiology of atherosclerosis and the potential to reduce the global burden of atherothrombotic disease. Circ Res. 2016; 118(4): 535–46.
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. Hasil Utama Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2018. p. 66–71.
Bentzon JF, Otsuka F, Virmani R, Falk E. Mechanisms of plaque formation and rupture. Circ Res. 2014; 114(12): 1852–66.
Stone J, Hangge P, Albadawi H, Wallace A, Shamoun F, Knuttien MG, Naidu S, Oklu R. Deep vein thrombosis: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and medical management. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2017; 7(Suppl 3): S276–84.
Sikka P, Bindra VK. Newer antithrombotic drugs. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2010; 14(4): 188–95.
Vitria EE. Evaluasi dan penatalaksanaan pasien medically-compromised di tempat praktek gigi Evaluation and management of medically compromised patient in dental practice. J Dentomaxillofacial Sci. 2011; 10(1): 47.
Madao DA, Mongan AE, Manoppo F. Hubungan antara lama penggunaan aspirin dengan nilai agregasi trombosit pada pasien hipertensi di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. J e-Biomedik. 2014; 2(2): 545–50.
Rodríguez LAG, Martín-Pérez M, Hennekens CH, Rothwell PM, Lanas A. Bleeding risk with long-term low-dose aspirin: a systematic review of observational studies. PLoS One. 2016; 11(8): 1–20.
Darawade D, Desai K, Hasan B, Kumar S, Mansata A. Influence of aspirin on post-extraction bleeding - a clinical study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2014; 4(4): 63.
Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme. Management of dental patients taking anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs. Dundee: Dundee Dental Education Centre; 2015. p. 1–52.
Goswami A, Bora A, Kundu G, Ghosh S, Goswami A. Bleeding disorders in dental practice: a diagnostic overview. J Int Clin Dent Res Organ. 2014; 6(2): 143–50.
Hartati R, Widianingsih W, Djunaedi A. Ultrastruktur alimentary canal teripang Holothuria scabra dan Holothuria atra (Echinodermata : Holothuroidea). Bul Oseanografi Mar. 2016; 5(1): 86–96.
Bordbar S, Anwar F, Saari N. High-value components and bioactives from sea cucumbers for functional foods--a review. Mar Drugs. 2011; 9(10): 1761–805.
Sobczak AIS, Pitt SJ, Stewart AJ. Glycosaminoglycan neutralization in coagulation control. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2018; 38(6): 1258–70.
Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kardiovaskular Indonesia. Pedoman tatalaksana sindrom koroner akut. 3rd ed. Jakarta: Centra Communications; 2015. p. 88.
Sert NP du, Hurst V, Ahluwalia A, Alam S, Avey MT, Baker M, Browne WJ, Clark A, Cuthill IC, Dirnagl U, Emerson M, Garner P, Holgate ST, Howells DW, Karp NA, Lidster K, MacCallum CJ, Macleod M, Petersen O, Rawle F, Reynolds P, Rooney K, Sena ES, Silberberg SD, Steckler T, Würbel H. The ARRIVE guidelines 2019: updated guidelines for reporting animal research. bioRxiv. 2019; (July): 1–19.
Sari RP, Sudjarwo SA, Rahayu RP, Prananingrum W, Revianti S, Kurniawan H, Bachmid AF. The effects of Anadara granosa shell-Stichopus hermanni on bFGF expressions and blood vessel counts in the bone defect healing process of Wistar rats. Dent J (Majalah Kedokt Gigi). 2017; 50(4): 194–8.
McKenzie SB, Williams L. Clinical laboratory hematology. 3rd ed. New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc; 2014. p. 44–152.
Smith SA. Antithrombotic therapy. Top Companion Anim Med. 2012; 27(2): 88–94.
Tollefsen DM. Vascular dermatan sulfate and heparin cofactor II. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2010; 93: 351–72.
Tripathi CKM, Banga J, Mishra V. Microbial heparin/heparan sulphate lyases: Potential and applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012; 94(2): 307–21.
Gray E, Hogwood J, Mulloy B. The anticoagulant and antithrombotic mechanisms of heparin. In: Lever R, Mulloy B, Page CP, editors. Heparin - a century of progress. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 2012. p. 43–61.
Paví£o MSG. Glycosaminoglycans analogs from marine invertebrates: Structure, biological effects, and potential as new therapeutics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2014; 4: 1–6.
Dinicolantonio JJ, Okeefe J. Importance of maintaining a low omega-6/omega-3 ratio for reducing platelet aggregation, coagulation and thrombosis. Open Hear. 2019; 6(1): 1–4.
Akintoye E, Sethi P, Harris WS, Thompson PA, Marchioli R, Tavazzi L, Latini R, Pretorius M, Brown NJ, Libby P, Mozaffarian D. Fish oil and perioperative bleeding. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2018; 11(11): 1–10.
- Every manuscript submitted to must observe the policy and terms set by the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi).
- Publication rights to manuscript content published by the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is owned by the journal with the consent and approval of the author(s) concerned.
- Full texts of electronically published manuscripts can be accessed free of charge and used according to the license shown below.
- The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
