Perbandingan sitotoksisitas tiga jenis algyrogel terhadap sel fibroblas (Citotoxicity comparation of three types of algyrogel on fibroblast cells)

https://doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v47.i3.p130-134
Algyrogel cytotoxicity fibroblasts bone synthesis sitotoksisitas fibroblas sintesis tulang

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Vol. 47 No. 3 (2014): September 2014
Articles
September 1, 2014

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Background: The prevalence of osteoporosis and bone defects in the world and Indonesia increase each year. Algyrogel is a alginate-based hydrogel material recently very popular used as a bone substitute through injectable bone substitute (IBs) method. One of advantages algyrogel is biocompatibility to the body tissues. some natural-based polymer (alginate, chitosan, dan hyaluronat) have different biocompatibility. Purpose: The study was aimed to determine the cytotoxicity of three types algyrogel against fibroblast cells. Methods: This study used three types algyrogel, there were algyrogel containing alginate (Alg), a mixture of alginate with chitosan (Alg/Ch), and a mixture of alginate with hyaluronic acid (Alg/Ha). Each type algyrogel was exposed in the Vero cell line of fibroblast with volume 2 μL; 4 μL; 6 μL; 8 μL; 10 μL; 12 μL; 14 μL; 16 μL; 18 μL; and 20 μL respectively. The cytotoxicity performed by MTT method to determine the percentage of cell death. The optical density was measured by an ELIsA plate reader then data was analyzed using ANOVA and probit. Results: The percentage of cell death in all groups of algyrogel have below 30%. LC50 value at Alg was 651.017 mg/mL (21.56%), Alg/Ch was 280.478 mg/mL (20.91%), and Alg/Ha was 1054.094 mg/ mL (17.2%). Conclusion: Alg/Ha has the lowest cytotoxicity on fibroblast cells and may have potential as an osteoconductor-synthetic bone product.

Latar belakang: Prevalensi osteoporosis dan cacat tulang di Indonesia maupun dunia semakin meningkat tiap tahunnya. Algyrogel sebagai bahan hidrogel yang berbasis alginat akhir-akhir ini sangat popular digunakan sebagai bahan pengganti tulang melalui metode Injectable Bone substitute. Kelebihan algyrogel antara lain biokompatibel terhadap jaringan tubuh. Beberapa hidrogel berbasis polimer alami (alginat, chitosan, dan hyaluronat) memiliki perbedaan biokompatibilitas. Tujuan: studi ini bertujuan meneliti sitotoksisitas tiga jenis algyrogel terhadap sel fibroblas. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 jenis algyrogel yaitu algyrogel dengan kandungan alginat (Alg), campuran alginat dengan chitosan (Alg/Ch), dan campuran alginat dengan asam hyaluronat (Alg/Ha). setiap jenis algyrogel dipaparkan pada sel fibroblas jenis Vero cell line dengan volume 2 μL; 4 μL; 6 μL; 8 μL; 10 μL; 12 μL; 14 μL; 16 μL; 18 μL; dan 20 μL. Pengujian sitotoksisitas dilakukan dengan metode MTT untuk mengetahui persentase kematian sel. Penghitungan optical density menggunakan ELIsA plate reader lalu data diuji Anova dan probit. Hasil: Persentase kematian sel pada semua jenis algyrogel memiliki angka dibawah 30%. Nilai LC50 pada Alg sebesar 651,017 μg/μL (21,56%), Alg/Ch sebesar 280,478 μg/μL (20.91%), dan "> Alg/Ha sebesar 1054,094 μg/μL (17,2%). Simpulan: Alg/Ha memiliki sitotoksisitas paling rendah pada sel fibroblas sehingga memiliki potensi sebagai produk osteokonduktor sintesis tulang.