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Abstract
An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that began in Wuhan, China has spread rapidly in multiple countries of the world and has become a pandemic. Currently, there is no vaccine or specific antiviral for COVID-19. A study reported 7.3% of critical patients admitted to ICU, 71% of them required mechanical ventilation, and 38.5% of them were survived. Herein, we reported a 54 year old man with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) of COVID-19 who survived the disease. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay of nasopharyngeal and oropharingeal swabs were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Diagnosis of ARDS was also according to clinical symptoms, laboratory, chest radiograph, and chest CT scan. Alcaligenes faecalis and Candida albicans were also identified from sputum culture. Treatment for this patient was causal and supportive therapy, including antibiotic, antiviral, and antifungal therapy according to the culture results, fluid resuscitation, and oxygen supply from the mechanical ventilator. This patient was survived and discharged on hospital day-29. A fibrosis in parenchyma pulmonary and sensory peripheral neuropathy occurred after survived from ARDS. Monitoring of clinical, laboratory, and chest radiograph were continued after the patient discharged from the hospital. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and effective treatment to the care of COVID-19 patient.
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References
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References
ARDS Definition Task Force (2012). Acute respiratory distress syndrome: the Berlin Definition. JAMA 307, 2526-2533
Chang CH, Juan YH, Hu HC, Kao KC, Lee CS (2018). Reversal of lung fibrosis: an unexpected finding in survivor of acute respiratory distress syndrome. QJM: Int J Med 111, 47-48
Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, Liang W, Ou C, He J (2020). Clinical characteristics of coronavirus diasease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 382, 1708-1720
Han R, Huang L, Jiang H, Dong J, Peng H, Zhang D (2020). Early clinical and CT manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Am J Roentgenol 215, 1-6
Holshue ML, DeBolt C, Lindquist S, Lofy KH, Wiesman J, Bruce H, et al (2020). First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States. N Engl J Med, doi:10.156/NEJMoa2001191
Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, et al (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
Kim, J.E., Heo, J.H., Kim, H.O., Song, S.H., Park, S.S., Park, T.H., Ahn, J.Y., Kim, M.K., Choi, J.P (2017). Neurological complications during treatment of middle east respiratory syndrome. J Clin Neurol 13, 227–233
Troyer EA, Kohn JN, Hong S (2020). Are we facing a crashing wave of neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19?: neuropsychiatric symptoms and potential immunologic mechanisms. Brain, Behavior,and Immunity, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.027
World Health Organization 1 (2020). Novel coronavirus – China. Available from http://www.who.int/csr/don/12-january-2020-novel-coronavirus-china/en/. Accessed Jan 19, 2020
World Health Organization 2 (2020). Naming the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the virus that causes it. Available from https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/naming-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-2019)-and-the-virus-that-causes-it. Accessed Mar 24, 2020
Yang X, Xu J, Shu H, Xia J, Liu H, Wu, et al (2020). Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5
Yi Y, Lagniton PNP, Ye S, Li E, Xu RH (2020). COVID-19: what has been learned and to be learned about the novel coronavirus disease. Int J Biol Sci 16, 1753-1766