Article Sidebar

Submitted
3 November 2017
Accepted
3 November 2017
Published
3 November 2017
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 995 Download : 1565

Main Article Content

Abstract

This study was done to determine the suppression index of Cetirizine to the skin prick test results to obtain a correction constant or factor that can be used to assess the results of the skin prick test in patients who cannot stop the use of antihistamines (Cetirizine). This pre and post test study design clinical trial involved 22 atopic allergy patients who seek medical treatment at the Allergy and Immunology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Skin prick tests were done twice (SPT1 and SPT2) using house dust mite allergen extract to all study subjecs. The first (SPT1) were done after washout of all antihistamine for 1 week prior the test. All study subjects were then given Cetirizine 10 mg once daily for 5 days and on day 6 we performed the second test (SPT2). Cetirizine suppresion index and correction factor were calculated by comparing the wheal area of SPT1 and SPT2. All 22 study subjects (6 males and 16 females) were sensitized to house dust mite allergen. Mean serum total IgE levels were 176.42 + 352.5 IU/dL. Mean wheal area generated by the positive control (histamine 1 mg/mL) in SPT1 was 7.53 + 7.31 mm2, and in SPT2 was 1.08 + 1.46 mm2. Mean wheal area generated by house dust mite allergen in SPT1 was 43.57 + 36 mm2, and in SPT2 was 10.28 + 8.47 mm2. Cetirizine suppression index for positive controls (histamine 10 mg/mL) was 94.63 + 7.90% (p=0.000), while the Cetirizine suppression index for house dust mite allergen is 72.31 + 13.96% (p=0.000). There was no significant influence of serum total IgE levels to Cetirizine suppression index (p=0.381). The correction constant based on the calculation was 1.9.  In conclusion, Cetirizine suppression index to the mean wheals area generated by house dust mite allergen was 72.31% and the correction constant was 1.9. In allergic patients who cannot stop their antihistamine drugs, Cetirizine 10 mg once daily can be used as a replacement and they still be able to undergo skin prick tests. The actual wheal diameter (or area) of the skin prick test results can be calculated by multiplying the measured wheal diameter (or area) under the Cetirizine administration with the correction constant.

Keywords

atopic allergy skin prick test house dust mites cetirizine suppression index

Article Details

License

  • Folia Medica Indonesiana is a scientific peer-reviewed article which freely available to be accessed, downloaded, and used for research purposes. Folia Medica Indonesiana (p-ISSN: 2541-1012; e-ISSN: 2528-2018) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Manuscripts submitted to Folia Medica Indonesiana are published under the terms of the Creative Commons License. The terms of the license are:

    Attribution ” You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.

    NonCommercial ” You may not use the material for commercial purposes.

    ShareAlike ” If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.

    No additional restrictions ” You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.

    You  are free to :

    Share ” copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.

    Adapt ” remix, transform, and build upon the material.

How to Cite
Soegiarto, G., Kurnia, D., Effendi, C., & Konthen, P. G. (2017). CETIRIZINE SUPPRESSION TO SKIN PRICK TEST RESULTS IN ATOPIC ALLERGY PATIENTS. Folia Medica Indonesiana, 53(2), 152–158. https://doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v53i2.6432
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. Amin K (2012). The role of mast cells in allergic inflammation. Respir Med 106, 9-14
  2. Bernstein IL, Storms WW (1995). Practice parameters for allergy diagnostic testing. Joint task force on practice parameters for the diagnosis and treatment of asthma. The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology and the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 75 (6 Pt 2), 543-625
  3. Douglass JA, O'Hehir RE (2006). Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of allergic disease: the basics. Med J Aust 185, 228-233
  4. Gilfillan AM, Austin SJ, Metcalfe DD (2011). Mast cell biology: introduction and overview. Adv Exp Med Biol. 716, 2-12
  5. Heinzerling L, Mari A, Bergmann KC, et al (2013). The skin prick test – European standards. Clin Transl Allergy 3, 3. doi: 10.1186/2045-7022-3-3
  6. Jansen DF, Rijcken B, Schouten JP, et al (1999). The relationship of skin test positivity, high serum total IgE levels, and peripheral blood eosinophilia to symptomatic and asymptomatic airway hyperresponsi-veness. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 159, 924-931
  7. Karppinen A, Kautiainen H, Petman L, Burri P, Reunala T (2002). Comparison of cetirizine, ebastine and loratadine in the treatment of immediate mosquito-bite allergy. Allergy 57, 534-537
  8. Kay AB (2006). 100 years of ‘Allergy': can von Pirquet's word be rescued? Clin Exp Allergy 36, 555-559
  9. Mahesh PA, Kushalappa PA, Holla AD, Vedanthan PK (2005). House dust mite sensitivity is a factor in chronic urticaria. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 71, 99-101
  10. Marone G, Casolaro V, Patella V, Florio G, Triggiani M (1997). Molecular and cellular biology of mast cells and basophils. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 114, 207-217
  11. Monroe EW, Daly AF, Shalhoub RF (1997). Appraisal of the validity of histamine-induced wheal and flare to predict the clinical efficacy of antihistamines. J Allergy Clin Immunol 99, S798-S806
  12. Nimmagadda SR, Evans R (1999). Allergy: etiology and epidemiology. Pediatr Rev 20, 111-115
  13. Peat JK, Tovey E, Toelle BG, et al (1996). House dust mite allergens. A major risk factor for childhood asthma in Australia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 153, 141-146
  14. Ramboer I, Bumtbacea R, Lazarescu D, Radu JR (2000). Cetirizine and loratadine: a comparison using the ED50 in skin reactions. J Int Med Res 28, 69-77
  15. Reunala T, Brummer-Korvenkontio H, Karppinen A, Coulie P, Palosuo T (1993). Treatment of mosquito bites with cetirizine. Clin Exp Allergy 23, 72-75
  16. Roongapinun S, Wajajamreon S, Fooanant S (2004). Comparative efficacy of wheal-and-flare suppression among various non-sedating antihistamines and the pharmacologic insights to their efficacy. J Med Assoc Thai 8, 551-556
  17. Scadding G, Durham S. Allergic rhinitis (2008). In: Gleeson M, ed. Scott-Brown's Otorhinolaryngology. Head and Neck Surgery. 7th ed, Part 13, Chapter 109. India, Edward Arnold (Publishers), p 1386-1402
  18. Siracusa MC, Comeau MR, Artis D (2011). New insights into basophil biology: initiators, regulators and effectors of type 2 inflammation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1217, 166-177
  19. Terreehorst I, Oosting AJ, Tempels-Pavlica Z, et al (2002). Prevalence and severity of allergic rhinitis in house dust mite-allergic patients with bronchial asthma or atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Allergy 32, 1160-1165
  20. van der Valk JPM, van Wijk RG, Hoorn E, Groenendijk L, Groenendijk IM, de Jong NW (2016). Measurement and interpretation of skin prick test results. Clin Transl Allergy 6, 8. doi: 10.1186/s13601-016-0092-0
  21. WHO (1988). International Workshop Report. Dust mite allergens and asthma: a worldwide problem. Bull World Health Organ 66, 769-780