Mebendazole treatment in ascariasis re-infection of two-year-old boy in rural Ambon: a case report and literature review
Downloads
Ascariasis is currently a health problem in developing countries, especially in rural areas. Successful control of ascariasis is highly dependent on therapeutic interventions, environmental, and individual hygiene practices. Ascariasis is generally asymptomatic but can cause severe problems if treated improperly. Treatment is available, but reinfection may occur. This case aims to emphasize the usage of mebendazole treatment in ascariasis reinfection. A two-year-old boy came to the hospital with mucus diarrhea and worms in the stool. Two months ago, he had the same symptoms and experienced improvement after taking pyrantel pamoate at the previous hospital. The patient was diagnosed with acute diarrhea with mild to moderate dehydration, re-infection ascariasis, and malnutrition. Mebendazole 100 mg was administered twice daily for 3 days. Treatment with mebendazole was repeated twice with an interval of one month after the previous therapy due to the presence of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in fecal examination. Fecal examination in the third month revealed the absence of Ascaris lumbricoides egg. Mebendazole can be used as therapy for ascariasis reinfections. However, repeated therapy is required in some cases. By integrating repeated therapy with comprehensive control measures, including health education and improved sanitation infrastructure, sustainable progress in combating ascariasis can be achieved.
Jourdan PM, Lamberton PHL, Fenwick A, Addiss DG. Soil-transmitted helminth infections. The Lancet. 2018; 391(10117):252–65.
Lamberton PHL, Jourdan PM. Human Ascariasis: Diagnostics Update. Curr Trop Med Reports. 2015;2(4):189–200.
Ascariasis: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology [Internet]. 2021 Oct 1 [cited 2023 Nov 4]; Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com /article/212510-overview
Novianty S, Pasaribu HS, Pasaribu AP. Faktor risiko kejadian kecacingan pada anak usia pra sekolah. J Indon Med Assoc. 2018;68(2):86–92.
Arrizky MHIA. FAKTOR RISIKO KEJAIDAN INFEKSI CACINGAN. Jurnal Medika Hutama. 2021;2(04 Jul):1181–6.
Zerdo Z, Yohanes T, Tariku B. Soil-Transmitted Helminth Reinfection and Associated Risk Factors among School-Age Children in Chencha District, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Parasitol Res. 2016; 2016:4737891.
Bundy DA, de Silva N, Appleby LJ, Brooker SJ. Intestinal nematodes: ascariasis. In: Hunter’s Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Diseases [Internet]. Elsevier; 2020 [cited 2023 Nov 4]. p. 840–4. Available from: https://www. sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323555128001125
Leung AK, Leung AA, Wong AH, Hon KL. Human ascariasis: an updated review. Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery. 2020;14(2):133–45.
de Lima Corvino DF, Horrall S. Ascariasis. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 [cited 2023 Nov 3]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/books/NBK430796/
Wang J, Davis RE. Ascaris. Current Biology. 2020;30(10):R423–5.
Suraini S, Kaselawaty K, Wahyuni F. Pengaruh pengetahuan dan personal hygiene terhadap kejadian infeksi cacing pada murid sdn 50 kampung jambak padang. In: Prosiding Seminar Kesehatan Perintis [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2023 Nov 4]. Available from: https://jurnal.upertis.ac.id/index.php/PSKP/article/download/74/65
Schindler M, Chaubal N, Dehmani S, Cui XW, Dong Y, Sharma M, et al. Ascariasis, a review. Med Ultrason 2022, Vol. 24, no. 3, 329-338.
Dunn JC, Bettis AA, Wyine NY, Lwin AMM, Tun A, Maung NS, et al. (2019) Soil- transmitted helminth reinfection four and six months after mass drug administration: results from the delta region of Myanmar. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 13(2): e0006591.
Al-Tameemi K, Kabakli R. Ascaris Lumbricoides: Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2020;13(4):8–11.
Else KJ, Keiser J, Holland CV, Grencis RK, Sattelle DB, Fujiwara RT, et al. Whipworm and roundworm infections. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020 May 28;6(1):1–23.
Turyasiima M, Matovu P, Kiconco G, Egesa WI, Sunday P, Nakandi L, et al. Intestinal Obstruction in a Child with Massive Ascariasis. Case Reports in Pediatrics. 2021 Jan 8;2021:e8857291.
Raj E, Calvo-Urbano B, Heffernan C, Halder J, Webster JP. Systematic review to evaluate a potential association between helminth infection and physical stunting in children. Parasites & Vectors. 2022 Apr 20;15(1):135.
Sharma M, Somani P, Prasad R, Jindal S, Pathak A. Biliary ascariasis: mimicker of biliary stent. VideoGIE. 2017 May 6;2(7):179–81.
Mitre E and Klion AD. Eosinophils and helminth infection: protective or pathogenic? Seminars in Immunopathology (2021) 43:363–381.
Nwadiuto, E.C. and Aprioku, J.S. (2023) Evaluation of Immuno- logical Markers in Children Infected with Intestinal Parasites in Three Communities, Nigeria. Open Journal of Immunology, 13, 45-59.
Ghosh G, Shah S, Maltz C. Ascariasis Diagnosed by Wireless Capsule Endoscopy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 Jun;16(6):23.
Poliakov PP, Alimetov AY, Onopriev AV, Avakimyan AV, Kade AK. Detection of Ascaris lumbricoides by Capsule Endoscopy. Balkan Med J. 2019 Feb 28;36(2):143–4.
Dana D, Vlaminck J, Ayana M, Tadege B, Mekonnen Z, Geldhof P, et al. Evaluation of copromicroscopy and serology to measure the exposure to Ascaris infections across age groups and to assess the impact of 3 years of biannual mass drug administration in Jimma Town, Ethiopia. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2020;14(4):e0008037.
Dana D, Roose S, Vlaminck J, Ayana M, Mekonnen Z, Geldhof P, et al. Longitudinal assessment of the exposure to Ascaris lumbricoides through copromicroscopy and serology in school children from Jimma Town, Ethiopia. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2022;16(1):e0010131.
Wangchuk P, Kouremenos K, Eichenberger RM, Pearson M, Susianto A, Wishart DS, et al. Metabolomic profiling of the excretory–secretory products of hookworm and whipworm. Metabolomics. 2019;15(7):1–15.
Bharti B, Bharti S, Khurana S. Worm Infestation: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention. Indian J Pediatr. 2018 Nov;85(11):1017–24.
Conterno LO, Turchi MD, Corrêa I, Monteiro de Barros Almeida RA. Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Apr 14;2020(4):CD010599.
Jones BP, van Vliet AHM, LaCourse EJ, Betson M. Identification of key interactions of benzimidazole resistance-associated amino acid mutations in Ascaris β-tubulins by molecular docking simulations. Sci Rep. 2022 Aug 12;12(1):13725.
Krücken J, Fraundorfer K, Mugisha JC, Ramünke S, Sifft KC, Geus D, et al. Reduced efficacy of albendazole against Ascaris lumbricoides in Rwandan schoolchildren. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2017 Jun 23;7(3):262–71.
Curico G, García-Bardales P, Pinedo T, Shapiama W, Moncada-Yaicate M, Romaina L, et al. Resistance to single dose albendazole and reinfection with intestinal helminths among children ages 2 to 11 years from the Peruvian Amazon region: a study protocol. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2022 Jun 7;22(1):528.
Fissiha W, Kinde MZ. Anthelmintic Resistance and Its Mechanism: A Review. Infection and Drug Resist. 2021 Dec;14:5403–10
Copyright (c) 2024 Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease (IJTID) is a scientific peer-reviewed journal freely available to be accessed, downloaded, and used for research. All articles published in the IJTID are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which is under the following terms:
Attribution ” You must give appropriate credit, link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so reasonably, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial ” You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
ShareAlike ” If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
No additional restrictions ” You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
