PRIMIGRAVIDA MEMILIKI KECEMASAN YANG LEBIH SAAT KEHAMILAN
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Latar Belakang: Kecemasan merupakan salah satu gangguan jiwa yang umum terjadi pada masa kehamilan. Prevalensi kecemasan ibu hamil di negara berkembang rata-rata mencapai 20% atau lebih. Kecemasan ibu hamil berbeda-beda tergantung pada faktor yang mempengaruhi dan kemampuan ibu beradaptasi dalam menciptakan kondisi psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kejadian kecemasan ibu hamil primigravida dan multigravida. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah analitik observasional dengan desain studi cross sectional comparative untuk membandingkan perbedaan kecemasan primigravida dan multigravida dengan kuesioner. Populasi adalah semua ibu hamil yang tercatat dan berkunjung di Puskesmas Jenggot Kota Pekalongan. Sampel dengan teknik consecutive sampling yang dibedakan menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok primigravida dan multigravida. Masing-masing kelompok 43 orang dengan kriteria inklusi kehamilan tunggal, usia ibu saat hamil 20-35 tahun, kehamilan fisiologis. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Puskesmas Jenggot Kota Pekalongan pada Bulan Februari-April 2019. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik komparasi Mann-Whitney, Chi Square dan Independent Samples T-Test. Hasil: Karakteristik responden antara primigravida dan multigravida diketahui bahwa karakteristik yang berbeda adalah usia ibu hamil (p=0,000), pendidikan (p=0,009) dan tipe keluarga (p=0,000), disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan usia, pendidikan dan tipe keluarga. Rata-rata skor kecemasan pada ibu hamil primigravida yaitu 70,74 sedangkan pada multigravida yaitu 65,70. Hasil uji Independet Samples T-Test didapatkan nilai p sebesar 0,035 sehingga disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan kecemasan pada ibu hamil primigravida dan multigravida. Kesimpulan: Kecemasan pada primigravida lebih tinggi sebesar 7,67% dibandingkan dengan multigravida berdasarkan rata-rata skor kecemasan.
Abstract
Background: Anxiety is one of the common mental disorders in pregnancy. The prevalence of maternal anxiety in developing countries reaches an average of 20% and more. The anxiety in pregnancy depends on the influencing factors and the ability of the mothers to adapt and create a psychological condition. Therefore, this research aims to find out the differences in the prevalence of anxiety in primigravida and multigravida pregnancy. Method: The type of this research is analytic observational study with comparative cross-sectional design and questionnaires to compare the incidence of anxiety in primigravida and multigravida. The research population was all pregnant women who visited and recorded at Jenggot Public Health Center, Pekalongan. The sample was taken with consecutive sampling technique and divided into two groups, primigravida group, and multigravida group. Each group has 43 people with inclusion criteria of a single pregnancy, maternal age between 20 to 35 year
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