Pengaruh Nutrisi pada Produksi dan Karakterisasi Protease dari Bakteri Termofilik Isolat LS-1 Lumpur Sidoarjo
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Pendahuluan: Telah dilakukan produksi protease dari bakteri termofilik isolat LS-1 yang dikulturkan dalam media cair mengandung natrium sitrat. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kondisi optimum produksi protease pada isolat bakteri termofilik lumpur Sidoarjo. Metode: Produksi protease dilakukan pada berbagai waktu, sumber karbon dan nitrogen. Karakterisasi protease dilakukan dengan menggunakan substrat azokasein dengan pengaruh berbagai suhu, pH dan pengaruh ion logam. Hasil: Produk enzim mencapai maksimum pada 10 jam dengan aktivitas 1,85U/mg protein. Beberapa sumber karbon yang dibutuhkan untuk produksi protease dalam penelitian ini telah dioptimasi. Amilum adalah substrat terbaik, diikuti oleh natrium sitrat, asam sitrat dan sukrosa. Di antara berbagai sumber nitrogen organik dan anorganik NH4NO3 telah diketahui yang terbaik. Studi karakterisasi protease yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan suhu optimum pada 60ºC. Enzim stabil selama 2 jam pada suhu 30ºC, sementara pada suhu 40ºC dan 80ºC, menurun masing masing 16% dan 86% dari aktivitas awal. Pencapaian pH optimum enzim diketahui 8,0. Setelah larutan enzim kasar dinkubasi selama 24 jam pada pH 5,5, 8,0 dan 9,0, terjadi penurunan sekitar masing-masing 49%, 15% dan 63% dari aktivitas sebelumnya. Pengaruh K+, Hg2+ dan Cu2+ pada konsentrasi 1mM sebagai inhibitor kuat sehingga mengakibatkan hilangnya aktivitas. Ion yang berkontribusi mempengaruhi aktivitas adalah Mn2+ dan Ca2+, yang menunjukkan bahwa ion ini memiliki peran fungsional dalam struktur molekul enzim. Kesimpulan: Produksi protease optimum oleh bakteri termofilik isolat LS-1 pada waktu 10 jam. Amilum adalah substrat terbaik untuk produksi protease. Suhu dan temperatur optimum aktivitas protease masing masing pada suhu 60ºC dan pH 8,0. Aktivitas Protease dipengaruhi oleh ion logam Mn2+ dan Ca2+.
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