The Translocalization of the Muslim Brotherhood's Ideas to the Tarbiyah Congregation in Indonesia
Downloads
Ikhwanul Muslimin adalah salah satu gerakan Islam transnasional yang paling berpengaruh. Mereka mampu memperluas ruang lingkup operasinya di luar Mesir dan mengilhami berdirinya berbagai organisasi dan gerakan Islam di seluruh dunia hingga menggapai Asia dan Eropa, termasuk Indonesia, di mana pengaruh gagasan Ikhwanul Muslimin dapat ditemukan dalam Jemaah Tarbiyah, yang kemudian menjadi Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS) pascaruntuhnya rezim orde baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan proses translokalisasi gagasan Ikhwanul Muslimin sehingga dapat menyebar ke Jemaah Tarbiyah di Indonesia dengan menggunakan pendekatan travelling theory dari konsep translokalitas, yang merupakan turunan dari transnasionalisme. Hasil dari riset ini menunjukkan bahwa dimensi-dimensi yang terkandung dalam travelling theory menjelaskan bagaimana gagasan dapat menyebar luas di Indonesia melalui penemuan berbagai media penyebaran, serta ditemukannya proses penyesuaian gagasan Ikhwanul Muslimin dalam pengadopsian dan implementasinya di Indonesia. Selain ituterdapat temuan terkait konsekuensi-konsekuensi tidak terduga dari kebijakan suatu negara, baik yang bertindak sebagai sumber maupun tujuan, terhadap perkembangan dan penyebaran gagasan tersebut.
Kata-kata Kunci: Ikhwanul Muslimin, Jemaah tarbiyah, translokalisasi, travelling theories
The Muslim Brotherhood is one of the most influential transnational Islamic movements. They were able to expand their scope of operations beyond Egypt and inspired the establishment of various Islamic organizations and movements throughout the world to reach Asia and Europe, including Indonesia, where the influence of the Muslim Brotherhood's ideas can be found in Jemaah Tarbiyah, which later became the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) after the collapse of the New Order regime. This study aims to explain the process of translocalizing the ideas of the Muslim Brotherhood so that they can spread to the Tarbiyah Jemaah in Indonesia by using a travelling theory approach from the concept of translocality, which is a derivative of transnationalism. The results of this research show that the dimensions contained in travelling theory explain how ideas can spread widely in Indonesia through the discovery of various dissemination media, as well as the finding of the process of adjusting the ideas of the Muslim Brotherhood in their adoption and implementation in Indonesia. In addition, there are findings that suggest unexpected consequences of a country's policy, both acting as a source and a destination for the development and spread of the idea.
Keywords: Jemaah Tarbiyah, Muslim Brotherhood, translocalization, travelling theories
Buku dan Bab dalam Buku
Abaza, Mona, 1994. Islamic Education Perceptions and Exchanges Indonesian Students in Cairo. Paris: Association Archipel.
Al-Banna, Hasan, 2012. "Risalah Ta'alim” dalam Al Banna, Hasan, 2012. Risalah Pergerakan: Majmuatur Rasail (trans. Anis Matta, مجموعة الرسائل hal. 423-451). Surakarta: Era Adicitra Intermedia.
Bruinessen, Martin van, 2004. "Post-Suharto Muslim Engagement with Civil Society and Democratization” dalam Samuel, Hanneman and Henk Schulte Nordholt (eds.), 2004. Indonesia in Transition: Rethinking 'Civil Society', 'Region', and 'Crisis'. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Bruinessen, Martin van, 2013. "Ghazwul Fikri or Arabisation? Indonesian Muslim Response to Globalisation.”, in Miichi, Ken and Omar Farouk (eds), 2013. Dynamics of Southeast Asian Muslims in The Era of Globalization. Tokyo: Japan International Cooperation Agency Research Institute (JICA-RI).
Damanik, Ali Said, 2002. Fenomena Partai Keadilan: Transformasi 20 Tahun Gerakan Tarbiyah di Indonesia. Jakarta: Teraju.
Effendy, Bachtiar, 2003. Islam and the State in Indonesia. Singapore: ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute.
Fealy, Greg, and Anthony Bubalo, 2005. Joining the Caravan? The Middle East, Islamism, and Indonesia. Alexandria, New South Wales, Australia: Loungeville Media.
Furkon, Aay Muhammad, 2002. Pengaruh Pemikiran Hasan Al Bana terhadap Gerakan Politik Islam di Indonesia (Studi Kasus Partai Keadilan). Jakarta: Lembaga Penelitian UIN Syarif Hidayatullah.
Hefner, Robert, 2000. Civil Islam: Muslims and Democratization in Indonesia. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Lacroix, Stephane, 2011. Awakening Islam: The Politics of Religious Dissent in Contemporary Saudi Arabia. (trans. George Holoch, Les islamistes saoudiens: Une insurrection manquée). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Latif, Yudi, 2012. Inteligensia Muslim dan Kuasa: Genealogi Inteligensia Muslim Indonesia Abad Ke-20. Jakarta: Democracy Project Yayasan Abad Demokrasi.
Machmudi, Yon, 2008. Islamising Indonesia: The Rise of Jemaah Tarbiyah and The Prosperous Justice Party (PKS). Canberra: ANU E Press.
Mandaville, Peter, 2001. Transnational Muslim Politics: Reimagining The Umma. New York: Routledge.
Mandaville, Peter, 2009. "Transnational Islam in Asia: Background, Typology, and Conceptual Overview.” in The National Bureau of Asian Research, Transnational Islam in South and Southeast Asia: Movements, Networks, and Conflict Dynamics. Seattle, Washington: The National Bureau of Asian Research.
Milton-Edwards, Beverley, 2016. The Muslim Brotherhod: The Arab Spring And It's Future Face. New York: Routledge.
Mitchell, Richard Paul, 1993. The Society of the Muslim Brothers. Oxford University Press.
Permata, Ahmad Norma, 2013. "A Study on The Internal Dynamics of The Justice Welfare Party (PKS) and Jama'ah Tarbiyah.” in Islam Research Programme. Regime Change, Democracy And Islam: The Case Of Indonesia. Jakarta: Universiteit Leiden.
Wickham, Carrie Rosefsky, 2013. The Muslim Brotherhood: Evolution of an Islamist Movement. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Zollner, Barbara, 2012. "The Muslim Brotherhood”. in Akbarzadeh, Shakhram (ed.), 2012. Routledge Handbook of Political Islam. New York: Routledge.
Jurnal dan Jurnal Daring
Fuad, Ai Fatimah Nur, 2019. "Kajian Literatur tentang Perkembangan Historis dan Transformasi Dakwah Gerakan Tarbiyah di Indonesia”, Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan, 17 (2): 349-382.
Leiken, Robert, dan Steven Brooke, 2007. "The Moderate Muslim Brotherhood”, Foreign Affairs, 86 (2): 107-121.
Liddle, R. William, 1996. "The Islamic Turn in Indonesia: A Political Explanation”, The Journal of Asian Studies, 55 (3): 613-634.
Munson, Ziad, 2001. "Islamic Mobilization: Social Movement Theory and the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood”, The Sociological Quarterly, 42 (4): 487-510.
Disertasi
Permata, A.N., 2008. Islamist Party and Democratic Participation: Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) in Indonesia 1998-2006. Disertasi Doktor. Münster: Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität zu Münster.
Wawancara
Herdiansah, Ari Ganjar, 2021. "Wawancara dengan Ari Ganjar Herdiansah, Kepala Pusat Studi Politik dan Demokrasi Universitas Padjadjaran”, diwawancarai oleh Muhammad Faishal Saifullah Fatah, 7 September 2021.
Machmudi, Yon, 2021. "Wawancara dengan Yon Machmudi, Ketua Program Studi Kajian Timur Tengah dan Islam Universitas Indonesia”, diwawancarai oleh Muhammad Faishal Saifullah Fatah, 13 September 2021
Lain-lain
Majelis Pertimbangan Pusat Partai Kadilan Sejahtera, 2008. Memperjuangkan Masyarakat Madani: Falsafah Dasar Perjuangan dan Platform Kebijakan Pembangunan PK Sejahtera. Jakarta: MPP PKS.
Partai Keadilan Sejahtera, 2003. Anggaran Dasar dan Anggaran Rumah Tangga Partai Keadilan Sejahtera. retrieved from Dewan Pengurus Pusat: https://pks.id/content/ad-art-pks [diakses pada 6 Agustus 2021]
Copyright (c) 2022 Global Strategis
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal
- Authors are unable to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work
- Authors are not permitted to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
- The Copyright Holder of the articles is Global Strategis