Violence against Indian Dalit Women under Narendra Modi Government: Johan Galtung's Cultural Violence Analysis
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Artikel ini akan membahas tentang kekerasan yang dihadapi perempuan Dalit India pada masa pemerintahan Narendra Modi. Kekerasan kultural merupakan bagian dari pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) yang salah satunya terjadi di kawasan Asia Selatan yaitu India. Fenomena kekerasan kultural terhadap perempuan di India, khususnya pada kasta Dalit menjadi sesuatu yang menarik untuk dibahas, sebagaimana kekerasan yang dihadapi perempuan Dalit di India sudah terjadi sejak zaman kuno hingga sekarang pada masa pemerintahan Narendra Modi. Pemerintahan Modi tidak dapat memberikan perubahan yang besar terhadap hidup dan hak-hak perempuan Dalit. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan masih adanya kebijakan yang membuat perempuan Dalit menderita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana kekerasan terhadap perempuan Dalit India di pemerintahan Modi terjadi menggunakan teori kekerasan kultural yang dicetuskan oleh Johan Galtung. Dalam penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa nilai agama menjadi faktor yang dominan mendorong terjadinya kekerasan kultural terhadap perempuan Dalit India. Selain itu, tingkat patriarki yang tinggi menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan kultural ini merupakan sebuah fenomena yang tidak akan pernah berhenti pada setiap era pemerintahan.
Kata-kata Kunci: Perempuan Dalit India, Kekerasan Kultural, Narendra Modi
This article will discuss the violence faced by Indian Dalit women during the reign of Narendra Modi. Cultural violence is part of human rights violations, one of which occurs in the South Asian region, India. The phenomenon of cultural violence against women in India, especially the Dalit caste, is an interesting topic to discuss, whereas the violence faced by Dalit women in India has occurred ever since ancient times until the current era during the reign of Narendra Modi. The Modi government has not been able to make a significant difference in the lives and rights of Dalit women. This is shown by the existence of policies that make Dalit women suffer. This study aims to analyze how the violence against Indian Dalit women in the Modi government occurs using the theory of cultural violence that was coined by Johan Galtung. This study found that the religious aspect was the dominant factor driving the occurrence of cultural violence against Indian Dalit women. In addition, the high level of patriarchy shows that this cultural violence is a phenomenon that will never diminish in every governmental era.
Keywords: Indian Dalit Women, Cultural Violence, Narendra Modi
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