Effect of freeze-dried platelet-rich plasma on FGF-2 and type I collagen expression in traumatic ulcers of diabetes mellitus: An in vivo study
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Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by the pancreas’s inadequate production of insulin or the body’s impaired utilization of insulin, resulting in dysregulation of blood sugar levels. Diabetes mellitus causes prolonged wound healing due to decreased growth factors, including fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) and type I collagen. Purpose: This research analyzes the effect of topical administration of freeze-dried platelet-rich plasma (FD-PRP) on the healing process of traumatic ulcers in diabetic Wistar rats by increasing FGF-2 and type I collagen expression. Methods: Allogenic FD-PRP was obtained from the blood of 35 Wistar rats and 2% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was added to make a gel formulation. Diabetes was induced in 30 Wistar rats using streptozotocin, followed by the creation of traumatic ulcers on the lower labial mucosa using a hot burnisher. The traumatic ulcers were then topically treated with FD-PRP gel in the treatment group and 2% CMC gel in the control group. Analysis of FGF-2 and type I collagen expression was performed through indirect immunohistochemical methods following treatment for 3, 5, and 7 days. Results: The expression of FGF-2 and type I collagen in the FD-PRP was higher than in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Topical application of FD-PRP plays an important role, especially in increasing the FGF-2 and type 1 collagen expression, in the healing process of traumatic ulcers in diabetic Wistar rats.
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