Diagnosis Based on Detection of CXCL10 in Urine as Biomarker for The Determining Diagnosis of Active Lung Tuberculosis
Downloads
Tuberculosis diagnosis is an important component in decreasing TB incidence and prevalence. Because of the difficulty to collect sputum in some cases, urine specimens are used as it is easier to garner. One of the biomarkers in urine that can be used to diagnose pulmonary TB is IP-10, which can be represented by the CXCL10 gene. The study aims to determine the accuracy of diagnosis based on detection of the CXCL10 gene in urine as a biomarker for the patients with suspected pulmonary TB in Dr. Soetomo Hospital in Surabaya from November 2019 until March 2020. Thus, this is an observative laboratory research with a cross-sectional study. CXCL10 gene was examined using PCR for 36 urine samples, and then, the data, together with the medical records of clinical manifestations of pulmonary TB, GeneXpert MTB /RIF, blood count, and thorax radiograph, were processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26. The results of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF and thorax radiograph criteria show positive results of pulmonary TB, which were 44.4% and 69.4% respectively. CXCL10 gene was not found in all urine of healthy people (negative), while 2.8% (1/36 samples) positive CXCL10 gene was found in a patient with positive GeneXpert, also with negative clinical manifestations and urine culture. In this study, the accuracy of diagnosis based on detection of the CXCL10 gene in urine for diagnosis of active pulmonary TB was 2.8%. Future research is needed to improve the methods, among them are bigger size of urine samples and clearer medical history of patients.
World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018
World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019
World Health Organization. International Standards For Tuberculosis Care. San Fransisco: World Health Organization; 2014
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Rencana Strategis Kementerian Kesehatan Tahun 2015-2019. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2015
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 67 Tahun 2016 Tentang Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2016
Appleton S, Connell D, Singanayagam A, Bradley P, Pan D, Sanderson F et al. Evaluation of prediagnosis emergency department presentations in patients with active tuberculosis: the role of chest radiography, risk factors and symptoms. 2021
Atashi S, Izadi B, Jalilian S, Madani S, Farahani A, Mohajeri P. Evaluation of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for determination of rifampicin resistance among new tuberculosis cases in west and northwest Iran. New Microbes and New Infections. 2017;19:117-120
Bark C, Dietze R, Okwera A, Quelapio M, Thiel B, Johnson J. Clinical symptoms and microbiological outcomes in tuberculosis treatment trials. Tuberculosis. 2011;91(6):601-604
Barzegari S, Afshari M, Movahednia M, Moosazadeh M. Prevalence of anemia among patients with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Indian Journal of Tuberculosis. 2019;66(2):299-307
Bhalla A, Goyal A, Guleria R, Gupta A. Chest tuberculosis: Radiological review and imaging recommendations. Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging. 2015;25(3):213
Bowman A, Jain A, Baker B, Milano P, Terp S, Desai S. Chest X-Ray Findings in Emergency Department Patients Evaluated for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: The Experience of a Large Urban Academic Emergency Department. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 2015;66(4):S104
Cannas A, Calvo L, Chiacchio T, Cuzzi G, Vanini V, Lauria F et al. IP-10 detection in urine is associated with lung diseases. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2010;10(1)
Casha A, Scarci M. The link between tuberculosis and body mass index. Journal of Thoracic Disease. 2017;9(3):E301-E303
Chemeda A, Abebe T, Ameni G, Worku A, Mihret A. Utility of urine as a clinical specimen for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in people living with HIV in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases. 2019;17:100125
Ejeh E, Undiandeye A, Akinseye V, Okon K, Kazeem H, Kudi C et al. Diagnostic performance of GeneXpert and Ziehl-Neelson microscopy in the detection of tuberculosis in Benue State, Nigeria. Alexandria Journal of Medicine. 2018;54(4):529533
Gopinath K, Singh S. Urine as an adjunct specimen for the diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2009;13(3):374-379
Habte D, Melese M, Hiruy N, Gashu Z, Jerene D, Moges F et al. The additional yield of GeneXpert MTB/RIF test in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis among household contacts of smear positive TB cases. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2016;49:179-184
Hong J, Jung G, Kim H, Kim Y, Lee H, Cho S et al. Efficacy of inducible protein 10 as a biomarker for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2012;16(12):e855-e859
Kim S, Kim J, Kim D, Kang Y, Bong S, Lee J et al. Urine IP-10 as a biomarker of therapeutic response in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2018;18(1)
Kim S, Ye S, Ha E, Chun E. Association of body mass index with incident tuberculosis in Korea. PLOS One. 2018;13(4):e0195104
Nonghanphithak D, Reechaipichitkul W, Namwat W, Naranbhai V, Faksri K. Chemokines additional to IFN-γ can be used to differentiate among Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection possibilities and provide evidence of an early clearance phenotype. Tuberculosis. 2017;105:28-34
Petrone L, Bondet V, Vanini V, Cuzzi G, Palmieri F, Palucci I et al. First description of agonist and antagonist IP-10 in urine of patients with active TB. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2019;78:15-21
Rohini K, Surekha Bhat M, Srikumar P, Mahesh Kumar A. Assessment of Hematological Parameters in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry. 2015;31(3):332-335
Rohini K, Surekha Bhat M, Srikumar P, Mahesh Kumar A. Assessment of Hematological Parameters in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry. 2015;31(3):332-335.
Chandni R., Rajan G., Udayabhaskaran V. Extra pulmonary tuberculosis presenting as fever with massive splenomegaly and pancytopenia. IDCases. 2016; 4: 20-22
Shao Y, Peng H, Chen C, Zhu T, Ji M, Jiang W et al. Evaluation of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis at peripheral tuberculosis clinics. Microbial Pathogenesis. 2017;105:260-263
Singla R, Raghu B, Gupta A, Caminero J, Sethi P, Tayal D et al. Risk factors for early mortality in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted to the emergency room. Pulmonology. 2021;27(1):35-42
Wikanningtyas T, Hatta M, Massi M, Pratiwi I, in pulmonary tuberculosis patients based on the microscopic sputum examination. Enfermería Clínica. 2020;30:243-246
Yen Y, Chuang P, Yen M, Lin S, Chuang P, Yuan M et al. Association of Body Mass Index With Tuberculosis Mortality. Medicine. 2016;95(1):e2300
Yeong C, Byrne A, Cho J, Sintchenko V, Crighton T, Marais B. Use of GeneXpert MTB/RIF on a single pooled sputum specimen to exclude pulmonary tuberculosis among hospital inpatients placed in respiratory isolation. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020;92:175-180
Zhang H, Li X, Xin H, Li H, Li M, Lu W et al. Association of Body Mass Index with the Tuberculosis Infection: a Population-based Study among 17796 Adults in Rural China. Scientific Reports. 2017;7(1)
Copyright (c) 2021 Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease (IJTID) is a scientific peer-reviewed journal freely available to be accessed, downloaded, and used for research. All articles published in the IJTID are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which is under the following terms:
Attribution ” You must give appropriate credit, link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so reasonably, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial ” You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
ShareAlike ” If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
No additional restrictions ” You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
