PEMANFAATAN PROTEASE DARI KULIT NANAS (Ananas comosus, L) DALAM DEGUMMING BENANG SUTERA
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Protease dalam bidang industri tekstil dapat berperan pada proses degumming benang sutera. Salah satu protease yang dapat digunakan untuk degumming benang sutera dapat diisolasi dari kulit nanas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi protease dari kulit nanas dalam proses degumming benang sutera. Isolasi protease dari kulit nanas dilakukan dengan ekstraksi menggunakan buffer fosfat dilanjutkan dengan sentrifugasi untuk memisahkan debrisnya. Ekstrak protease dari kulit nanas selanjutnya digunakan dalam proses degumming benang sutera pada suhu dan waktu perendaman tertentu. Benang sutera hasil proses degumming diamati secara visual, menggunakan mikroskop cahaya dan mikroskop electron (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses degumming benang sutera yang optimal dilakukan pada suhu 50 °C, dan waktu inkubasi selama 4 jam. Benang sutera yang dihasilkan dengan protease ini lebih lembut dan berkilau, jika dibandingkan dengan benang sutera yang diolah secara tradisional menggunakan sabun dan pemanasan.
Kata kunci: degumming, protease, kulit nanas, sutera
Abstract
Protease could be used in the textile industry for degumming of silk fabric. One of prospective proteases for silk degumming that of from a pineapple peels. This study was performed to determine the potential of protease from pineapple peels for silk degumming. The protease was extracted from pineapple peels using phosphate buffer, continued by separating the crude protease from the debris using centrifugation. The crude protease was then used to degum the raw silk, by soaking it in certain of incubation time and temperature. Silk degumming results observed visually, also by light microscope and electron microscope. The results showed that the optimum degumming process is at 50 ° C incubation for 4 hours. In comparison to the traditional silk degumming using soap and heating, the protease based degumming showed a softer and shiny silk fabric.
Keyword: degumming, protease, pineapple peel, silk.
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