Membran Blend Kitosan/Poli Vinil Alkohol (PVA): Pengaruh Komposisi material blend, pH, dan Konsentrasi bahan Pengikat Silang
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Membran blend biodegradabel dengan kestabilan termal dan mekanik yang berasal dari gabungan kitosan dan PVA telah dihasilkan melalui dua tahapan. Pada tahap pertama dilakukan proses pelarutan kitosan dan poli vinil alkohol dan selanjutnya pencampuran kitosan/PVA dan asam oksalat sebagai agen pengikat silang. Asam asetat dan air dipilih sebagai pelarut untuk kitosan dan PVA. Beberapa variasi dalam proses seperti perbandingan konsentrasi kitosan:PVA, konsentrasi agen pengikat silang dan pH buffer, dijadikan sebagai parameter pada penelitian ini. Kerapatan hidrogel dan kuat tarik mengalami kenaikan seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi agen pengikat silang dan PVA dengan konsentrasi kitosan paling rendah. Namun derajat swelling memiliki trend yang berbeda dimana naiknya derajat swelling diperoleh seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi kitosan dengan kondisi konsentrasi agen pengikat silang dan PVA paling rendah. Keberhasilan proses blending dan ikat silang ditunjukkan dari hasil spektra infra merah dimana analisa spektrum infra merah dari hidrogel kitosan murni dan hidrogel kitosan/PVA menunjukkan kenaikan intensitas serapan pada daerah amida (1600 cm-1 sampai 1670 cm-1), hal ini menguatkan dugaan terbentuknya ikatan silang antara asam oksalat sebagai crosslinker dengan kitosan.
Kata kunci: membran blend, kitosan/PVA, asam oksalat, pengikat silang.
Abstract
Biodegradable blend membranes with thermal and mechanical stability based on combination of chitosan and PVA have been produced through two stages. In the first stage, chitosan and PVA are dissolved and further mixing chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol with oxalic acid as crosslinking agents. Acetic acid and water are selected as solvents for chitosan and PVA. Some variations in the process such as comparison of chitosan:PVA concentration, concentration of crosslinking agent and pH of buffer, are used as parameters in this study. The hydrogel density and tensile strength increased with increasing concentration of crosslinking agent and PVA with the lowest concentration of chitosan. However, the degree of swelling has a distinct trend in which the increase of degree of swelling is obtained along with the increase of chitosan concentration with the lowest concentration of crosslinking agent and PVA. The success of the blending and crosslinking process is shown by the results of infrared spectra where infrared spectrum analyzes from purified chitosan hydrogels and chitosan/chloride hydrogels show an increase in absorption intensity in the amide area (1600 cm-1 to 1670 cm-1), this reinforces the alleged crosslinking formation between oxalic acid as crosslinker and chitosan.
Keywords: blend membrane, chitosan: PVA, crosslinker.
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