Oral hygiene and number of oral mucosal lesion correlate with oral health-related quality of life in elderly communities

Oral health quality of life elderly Kesehatan mulut kualitas hidup lansia

Authors

  • Dewi Agustina
    dewiagustina2004@yahoo.com
    Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
March 1, 2014

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Background: Quality of life assessment mostly is based on general health. Deterioration of physiologic condition, polypharmacy and the high occurrence of chronic disease in elderly may manifest in oral cavity that can affect oral function, in turn it will affect quality of life of elderly. Purpose: This study was aimed to determine the correlation of oral health status and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in elderly communities of Yogyakarta city. Method: Seventy three elders were subjects of this study. Data of OHRQoL and oral health status were obtained from modification of questionnaire of Dental Impact of Daily Living (DIDL) Index and from intraoral examination, respectively. Intraoral examination comprised oral mucosal lesion amount, oral hygiene, DMFT index and periodontal tissue status. The data then were analyzed statistically using Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Result: The results showed that mean of DMFT index was 16.9 and 63% of subjects were found with gingivitis, most subject had moderate oral hygiene and each subject at least had two oral mucosal lesions. Mean score of quality of life was 27.2 and classified as satisfying. Oral hygiene and number of oral mucosal lesion had correlation with OHRQoL with r were -0.236 (Sig. : 0.045) and -0.288 (Sig. : 0.013), respectively. Conclusion: The study suggested that oral hygiene and number of oral mucosal lesion correlate with oral health related-quality of life in elderly communities of Yogyakarta city.

Latar belakang: Penilaian kualitas hidup terutama didasarkan pada kesehatan umum. Memburuknya kondisi fisiologis, polifarmasi dan tingginya kejadian penyakit kronis pada lansia dapat termanifestasi di dalam rongga mulut sehingga dapat mempengaruhi fungsi mulut yang pada gilirannya akan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup lansia. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti hubungan antara status kesehatan mulut dan kualitas hidup berdasarkan kesehatan mulut pada masyarakat lanjut usia di kota Yogyakarta. Metode: Tujuhpuluh tiga lansia sebagai subjek dalam penelitian ini. Data kualitas hidup berdasarkan kesehatan mulut dan status kesehatan mulut diperoleh dari modifikasi kuesioner Indeks Dampak Kesehatan Gigi terhadap Kehidupan Sehari-hari dan dari pemeriksaan intraoral. Pemeriksaan intra oral terdiri atas jumlah lesi mukosa rongga mulut, kebersihan mulut, indeks DMFT dan status jaringan periodontal. Data kemudian dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan Pearson product moment correlation. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata indeks DMFT adalah 16,9 dan 63% subjek ditemukan dengan gingivitis, subjek rata-rata memiliki kebersihan mulut yang cukup dan setiap subjek rata-rata memiliki dua lesi mukosa mulut. Rerata kualitas hidup berdasarkan kesehatan mulut adalah 27,2 dan tergolong memuaskan. Kebersihan mulut dan jumlah lesi mukosa mulut memiliki korelasi dengan kualitas hidup berbasis kesehatan rongga mulut dengan masing-masing r adalah -0,236 (Sig. : 0,045) dan -0,288 (Sig. : 0,013). Simpulan: Dapatdisimpulkan bahwa kebersihan mulut dan jumlah lesi mukosa mulut berkorelasi dengan kualitas hidup berbasis kesehatan rongga mulut pada masyarakat lanjut usia di kota Yogyakarta.