Exploring the efficacy of media literacy on online political participation of learners in adult and vocational education in Nigeria
Downloads
The benefits of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in societal growth are well-documented; however, its application in developing countries such as Nigeria has been limited due to a lack of knowledge. This study investigates media literacy’s impact on learners’ online political participation in adult and vocational education in Nigeria. It adopted a non-equivalent control type of quasi-experimental research design involving experimental and control groups. The sample consisted of 196 learners selected from public adult and vocational education centers across Nigeria. The “Online Political Participation Test” (OPPT) was the data collection instrument. The findings indicate that the mean online political participation scores of learners trained in media literacy did not differ significantly from those trained in basic literacy. Additionally, the mean online political participation scores of learners using cooperative learning styles were not significantly different from those using solitary learning styles. Regarding the interaction effects, there were no significant differences in the mean online political participation scores based on the learning styles adopted by the learners. The study concluded that basic literacy had a more positive impact than media literacy in informal learning environments in developing countries.
Akintolu M & Adelore O (2016) Effect of mobile technology on adult learners achievement in literacy programmes in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Journal of Social Work 15 (9):187-199.
Area M & Pessoa T (2012) From solid to liquid: New literacies to the cultural changes of web 2.0. Comunicar 38 (19):13-20.
Area M (2012) Sociedad líquida, web 2.0 y alfabetización digital. Aula de innovación educativa (212):55-59.
Bachmair B & Bazalgette C (2007) The European charter for media literacy: Meaning and potential. Research in Comparative and International Education 2 (1):80-87. https://doi.org/10.2304/rcie.2007.2.1.80.
Bessong CD, Ewuru AA, Bessong NO, Omang TN, Olori GI, Patrick EO, Olofu AP, & Olori CN (2024) Digital literacy and its effect on learners’ civic engagement in adult and vocational education in Nigeria. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 37 (4):418-431. https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.V37I42024.418-431.
Boyd BL & Murphey TP (2004) Evaluating the scope of learning style instrument used in studies published in the Journal of Agricultural Education. Journal of Southern Agricultural Education Research 54 (1):124-132.
Cela K, Sicilia MÁ, & Sánchez‐Alonso S (2016) Influence of learning styles on social structures in online learning environments. British Journal of Educational Technology 47 (6):1065-1082. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12267.
Ciurel D (2016) Media literacy. Professional Communication and Translation Studies 9: 13-20. https://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=621.
Dahlgren P (2011) Parameters of online participation: Conceptualising civic contingencies. https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=546233.
Davidson N & Major CH (2014) Boundary crossings: Cooperative learning, collaborative learning, and problem-based learning. Journal on Excellence in College Teaching 25 (3&4):7-55. https://celt.miamioh.edu/index.php/JECT/article/view/452.
Dickson G, Naylor ME, & Phelps S (2014) A comparison of sampling techniques in sports marketing research. Marketing in and through Sport.
Diep NA, Cocquyt C, Zhu C, & Vanwing T (2016) Predicting adult learners’ online participation: Effects of altruism, performance expectancy, and social capital. Computers & Education 101: 84-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.06.002.
Duff A (2000) Learning styles measurement: The revised approaches to study inventory questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences 33: 147-163.
Evans AM & Gomes RG (2017) Digital literacy of the population: Failure factor in the implementation of digital government in Portugal. In: Proceedings of the 17th European Conference on Digital Government (ECGD 2017), Lisbon, Portugal.
Fedorov A, Levitskaya A, & Camarero E (2016) Curricula for media literacy education according to international experts. European Journal of Contemporary Education 17 (3):324-334. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12412/2135.
Ferguson-Patrick K (2020) Developing a democratic classroom and a democracy stance: Cooperative learning case studies from England and Sweden. Education 3-13 50 (3):389-403. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2020.1853195.
Gary C & Chau J (2016) Exploring the relationships between learning styles, online participation, learning achievement, and course satisfaction: An empirical study of a blended learning course. British Journal of Educational Technology 47 (2):257-278. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12243.
Hargittai E & Shaw A (2013) Digitally savvy citizenship: The role of internet skills and engagement in young adults’ political participation around the 2008 presidential election. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 57 (2):115-134. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2013.787079.
Higgins JW & Begoray D (2012) Exploring the border lands between media and health: Conceptualizing critical media health literacy. Journal of Mass Literacy Education 4 (2):136-148.
Hobbs R (2019) Media literacy foundations. The International Encyclopaedia of Media Literacy. https:/doi.org/10.1002/9781118978238.ieml0063.
Khiat H (2017) Academic performance and the practice of self-directed learning: The adult learner perspective. Journal of Further and Higher Education 41 (1):44-59. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2015.1062849.
James M & Reynolds C (2017) Identifying the potential risks of political e-participation for adult learners. In: Scutrea Conference Proceedings 2017: Adult Education for Inclusion and Diversity. Centre for Research in Education Inclusion & Diversity, Edinburgh. 218-225. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/32399/.
Jiang X (2000) A Preliminary Study on the Learning Strategies of Chinese as a Second Language. Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies 1: 61-68.
Kahne J & Bowyer BT (2019) Can media literacy education increase digital engagement in politics? Learning, Media and Technology 44 (2):211-224. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2019.1601108.
Kahne J, Lee N, & Feezell JT (2012) Digital Media Literacy Education and Online Civic and Political Participation. International Journal of Communication 6: 24. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/999.
Kawamorita H, Takahashi N, & Demiryrek K (2020) Media literacy and rural women entrepreneurship experience from Japan and Turkey. Nurdic Journal of Media Management 1 (3):361-382. https://doi.org/10.5278/njmm.2597-0445.5898.
Kellner D & Jeff S (2019) The Critical Media Literacy Guide: Engaging Media & Transforming Education. Leiden, Boston: Brill Sense. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004404533.
Kerfoot C (2009) Changing Conceptions of Literacies, Language, and Development: Implications for The Provision of Adult Basic Education in South Africa. Stockholm: Centre for Bilingual Research, Stockholm University.
Kolawole OD (2012) Is literacy key to community development? analysing two groups of adults’ involvement in development projects in northern Nigeria. Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies 26 (2):219-238.
Krupnikov Y, Nam HH, & Style H (2021) 9 - Convenience samples in political science experiments. In: Druckman JN & Green DP. Advances in Experimental Political Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Livingstone S (2004) What is media literacy? Intermedia 32 (2):18-20.
Llewellyn KR, Cook SA, & Molina A (2010) Civic learning: Moving from the apolitical to the socially just. Journal of Curriculum Studies 42 (6):791-812. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220271003587400.
Lutz C, Hoffmann CP, & Meckel M (2014) Beyond just politics: A systematic literature review of online participation. First Monday 19 (7). https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v19i7.5260.
Malone S (2014) Characteristics of adult learners. Training & Development 41 (6):10-13. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.827295107033026.
Mihailidis P & Thevenin B (2013) Media literacy as a core competency for engaged citizenship in participatory democracy. American Behavioural Scientist 57 (11):1611-1622. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764213489015.
Montuoro P & Lewis R (2014) Student perceptions of classroom management. In: Emmer ET & Sarbonie EJ (ed). Handbook of classroom management (2nd ed). New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 344-362.
Moore RC & Hancock JT (2022) A digital media literacy intervention for older adults improves resilience to fake news. Scientific Reports 12 (6008). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08437-0.
Morris W & James P (2017) Social media is an entrepreneurial opportunity for agriculture-based enterprises. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 24 (4):1028-1045. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-01-2017-0018.
Mossberger K & Tolbert C (2008) Digital Citizenship: The Internet, Society, and Participation. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Oh SS, Kim KA, Kim M, Oh J, Chu SH, & Choi J (2021) Measurement of digital literacy among older adults: A systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 23 (2):e26145.
Oroka OV, Bessong CD, Bessong NO, Ewuru AA, & Olori GI (2024) Effect of media literacy on entrepreneurial development of learners in adult and vocational education. Journal of Media Literacy Education 16 (2):61-70. https://doi.org/10.23860/JMLE-2024-16-2-5.
Oser J & Hooghe M (2018) Democratic ideals and levels of political participation: The role of political and social conceptualisations of democracy. The British Journal of Politics and International Relations 20 (3):711-730. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369148118768140.
Ostling A (2010) How democratic is e-participation? In: CeDEM11: Conference for E-Democracy and Open Government, 5-6 May 2011. Donau-Universität Krems, Austria.
Oxstrand B (2009) Media literacy education: A discussion about media education in the Western countries Europe and Sweden. In: Nordmedia09 conference in Karlstad University, Sweden, August 13-15, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/22007.
Petranova D (2013) Media education in the life of senior population. European Journal of Science and Theology 9 (2):13-24.
Podgorny B & Volokhova N (2022) Digital literacy of population: Regional features. In: Popov E, Barkhatov V, Pham VD, & Pletnev D (ed). Competitiveness and the Development of Socio Economic Systems, 105. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.04.74.
Potter WJ (2013) Media Literacy (6th ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Price-Mitchell H (2010) Civic learning at the edge: Transformative stories of highly engaged youth. Dissertation, Fielding Graduate University, Santa Barbara.
Rakap S (2010) Impacts of learning styles and computer skills on adult students’ learning online. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology 9 (2):108-115.
Römer L, Supa M, & Hodboď V (2023) Media literacy education nurturing civic participation of disadvantaged youth, or not? Learning, Media and Technology 48 (3):372-386. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2022.2051046.
Santini RM & Carvalho H (2019) The rise of participatory despotism: a systematic review of online platforms for political engagement. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 17 (4):422-437. https://doi.org/10.1108/JICES-02-2019-0016.
Santo SA (2008) Relationships between learning styles and online learning. Performance Improvement Quarterly 19 (3):73-88. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1937-8327.2006.tb00378.x.
Se-Hoon J, Hyunyi C, & Yoori H (2012) Media literacy interventions: A meta-analytic review. Journal of communication 62 (3):454-472. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01643.x.
Sheng Q (2004) 21st century skills: Literacy in the digital age. Open Education Research.
Silverblatt A (2001) Media Literacy: Keys to Interpreting Media Messages. Canadian Journal of Communication 21 (4). https://doi.org/10.22230/cjc.1996v21n4a970.
Sood A & Sarin J (2021) Learning styles: An overview. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 15 (3):66-71. https://doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15271.
Squires L, Peters A, & Rohr L (2023) Exploring critical media health literacy (CMHL) in the online classroom. Journal of Media Literacy Education 15 (1):58-71. https://doi.org/10.23860/JMLE2023-15-1-5.
Stanley J, Stanley W, & Weare C (2003) The Effects of Internet Use on Political Participation. Administration & Society 36 (5):503-527. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399704268503.
Stromquist NP (2008) The political benefits of adult literacy: Presumed and real effects. International Multilingual Research Journal 2 (1-2):88-101. https://doi.org/10.1080/19313150802010285.
Sugiharto (2020) Geographical students’ learning outcomes on basic political science by using cooperative learning model with Group Investigation (GI) type in State University of Medan, Indonesia. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment 30: 447-456.
Susilawati S, Chakim A, Hambali M, Islamy MI, & Rahmaniah A (2021) The urgency of digital literacy for Generation Z in improving learning of Islamic religious education. Library Philosophy and Practice 2 (7):1-15. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/5143/.
Svyrydenko D & Terepyshchyi S (2020) Media literacy and social responsibility of educators in the conditions of information war: The problem statement. Studia Warminskie 57: 75-83. https://doi.org/10.31648/sw.6006.
UNESCO (2019) Literacy. https://en/unesco.org/themes/literacy.
Valenzuela S, Kim Y, & Zúñiga HG (2012) Social networks that matter: Exploring the role of political discussion for online political participation. International Journal of Public Opinion Research 24 (2):163-184. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/edr037.
Van Aelst P, Strömbäck J, Aalberg T, Esser F, de Vreese C, Matthes J, Hopmann D, Salgado S, Hubé N, Stępińska A, Papathanassopoulos S, Berganza R, Legnante G, Reinemann C, Sheafer T, & Stanyer J (2017) Political Communication in a HighChoice Media Environment: A Challenge for Democracy? Annals of the International Communication Association 41 (1):3-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2017.1288551.
Vanwynsberghe H, Paulussen S, & Verdegem P (2011) Towards a conceptual framework for media literacy. In: IAMCR, Proceedings. Presented at the IAMCR 2011: Cities, creativity and connectivity, Istanbul, Turkey. http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-1860875.
Vozab D (2023) Traženje povezanosti medijske pismenosti i političke participacije kod različitih generacija. Revija za sociologiju 52 (3). https://hrcak.srce.hr/308325.
Wondimu H & Banteamlak H (2020) Increasing students’ participation through cooperative learning method: A case of Bonga University First Year Biology Students. Journal of Education and Practice 11 (13):41-47. https://doi.org/10.7176/jep/11-13-05.
Yamamoto M, Kushin MJ, & Dalisay F (2015) Social media and mobiles as political mobilization forces for young adults: Examining the moderating role of online political expression in political participation. New Media & Society 17 (6):880-898. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813518390.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright of this journal is possession of Editorial Board and Journal Manager, by the knowledge of the author, while the moral right of the publication belongs to the author.
The formal legal aspect of journal publication accessibility refers to Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA), implies that publication can be used for non-commercial purposes in its original form (cannot be modified).
Every publication (printed/electronic) are open access for educational purposes, research, and library. Other than the aims mentioned above, the editorial board is not responsible for copyright violation.