"Feel Supported and not Alone": A Qualitative Study of Supports Needed by Pregnant Women in Preventing Anemia
Downloads
Background: The ability of pregnant women to prevent anemia is influenced by their social environment support, such as family, husband, or health workers. However, it has not been known which sources of support are preferred and needed by pregnant women. Aims: This study aims to explore the support preferred and needed by pregnant women in preventing anemia. Methods: This study was qualitative research with a case study approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 pregnant women at the gestational age starting from 16 weeks who had pregnancy checks at the Sangkrah, Kratonan, and Gilingan Primary Healthcare Centers, Surakarta City. Informants were obtained through a purposive sampling technique. This study used thematic data analysis. Results: Three emerging themes from this study include 1) pregnant women's perceived ability and motivation to prevent anemia; 2) the support needed to prevent anemia; and 3) information technology support for preventing anemia. Some women felt difficulties preventing anemia, especially in consuming IFA tablets and nutritious food; feeling supported and not alone was the motivation to prevent anemia. The most preferred support was from the husband, and the next was health workers. Pregnant women
welcome an application with some features to support preventing anemia. Conclusions: Support from husband and health workers is the most preferred. Pregnant women perceive the benefits of using applications that support anemia prevention. It is necessary to develop applications that integrate support from husbands and health workers to create good conditions that enable and motivate pregnant women to practice anemia prevention behavior.
Alaiad, A. (2019). The Determinants of M-Health Adoption in Developing Countries : An Empirical Investigation. Applied Clinical Informatics, 10(5), 820–840.
Ambarwati, I., & Sulastri, S. (2023). The Influence of Health Education Using Media Booklets About the Importance of Hemoglobin Levels to Increase Knowledge of Pregnant Women in the Work Area of the Ngemplak Public Health Center. Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health, 5(3), 824. https://doi.org/10.30829/contagion.v5i3.15364
Andriani, L., Dewi, R., & Novrianti, S. (2022). Pengaruh Penggunaan Aplikasi Deteksi Anemia Berbasis Android ( Si-Mia ) Terhadap Perilaku Deteksi Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil Di Kota Bengkulu. Jurnal Media Kesehatan, 12(2), 181–191.
Arifah, I., Pambarep, T. S. A., Khoiriyah, L., Kusumaningrum, T. A. I., Werdani, K. E., & Ngadiyono, N. (2023). Effectiveness of daily educational message on pregnancy anemia prevention behavior and knowledge: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 12(296), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp
Basnet, T., Sitaula, S., Sah, M. K., & Yadav, P. (2022). Analysis of Causes and Contributory Factors for Maternal Mortality during Covid-19 Lockdown. International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope, 3(02), 22–28. https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2022.v03i02.075
Carter, J., Sandall, J., Shennan, A. H., & Tribe, R. M. (2019). Mobile phone apps for clinical decision support in pregnancy: a scoping review. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 19(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-019-0954-1
Darmawati, D., Nizwan-Siregar, T., Kamil, H., & Tahlil, T. (2022). Exploring Indonesian mothers’ perspectives on anemia during pregnancy: A qualitative approach. Enfermeria Clinica, 32, S31–S37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.11.002
Darmawati, D., Siregar, T. N., Kamil, H., & Tahlil, T. (2020). Barriers to Health Workers in Iron Deficiency Anemia Prevention among Indonesian Pregnant Women. Anemia, 2020, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8597174
Eddy, B. P., & Fife, S. T. (2021). Active Husband Involvement During Pregnancy: A Grounded Theory. Family Relations, 70(4), 1222–1237. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12486
Falah, Y. F., Alamsyah, S. S., Dwi, A. A., Sari, P., Sekar, N. A., Sari, A., Priyambudi, Z. S., & Arifah, I. (2022). Anedoc APP: Sistem Pengingat, Pemantau, dan Edukasi Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Sangkrah Kota Surakarta. Jurnal Warta LPM, 25(3).
Fertimah, A. R., Widyawati, W., & Mulyani, S. (2022). Efektifitas Penggunaan Media Audiovisual dan Aplikasi Permitasi Terhadap Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Ibu Meminum Tablet Besi. Jurnal Keperawatan Klinis Dan Komunitas, 5(3), 134. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.44276
Gomes, F., King, S. E., Dallmann, D., Golan, J., Carolina, A., Silva, F., Hurley, K. M., Bergeron, G., & Bourassa, M. W. (2021). Supplementation During Pregnancy : a Systematic Review. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1493(1), 41–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14545.Interventions
Kemenkes RI. (2018). Laporan Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2018. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kemenkes RI.
Kusumawati, Y., Widyawati, W., & Dewi, F. S. T. (2022). Vulnerable to mental health problems: Pregnant women and husband’s perception in Surakarta, Indonesia. Enfermeria Clinica, 32(5), 334–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2021.12.004
Lyoba, W. B., Mwakatoga, J. D., Festo, C., Mrema, J., & Elisaria, E. (2020). Adherence to Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Kasulu Communities in North-Western Tanzania. International Journal of Reproductive Medicine, 2020, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3127245
McGowan, L., Astuti, A., Hafidz, F., Pratiwi, C., Yulian, V., Hughes, E., Pratiwi, A., Indomo, E. N., & Fu, Y. (2023). The effect of COVID-19 on women’s experiences of pregnancy, birth and postpartum in Indonesia: a rapid online survey. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 23(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-023-05566-w
Means, R. T. (2020). Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia: Implications and impact in pregnancy, fetal development, and early childhood parameters. Nutrients, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020447
Mekonnen, A., Alemnew, W., Abebe, Z., & Demissie, G. D. (2021). Adherence to iron with folic acid supplementation among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health centers in simada district, northwest ethiopia: Using health belief model perspective. Patient Preference and Adherence, 15, 843–851. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S299294
Mishra, A., Marwah, S., Divedi, P., Dewan, R., Ahluwalia, H., Mishra, A., Marwah, S., Divedi, P., Dewan, R., & Ahluwalia, H. (2021). A Cross-Sectional Study of Barriers in Prevention of Anemia in Pregnancy. Cureus, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.7759/CUREUS.12802
Morrison, J., Giri, R., Arjyal, A., Kharel, C., Harris-Fry, H., James, P., Baral, S., Saville, N., & Hillman, S. (2021). Addressing anaemia in pregnancy in rural plains Nepal: A qualitative, formative study. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 17(S1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13170
Nahrisah, P., Somrongthong, R., Viriyautsahakul, N., Viwattanakulvanid, P., & Plianbangchang, S. (2020). Effect of Integrated Pictorial Handbook Education and Counseling on Improving Anemia Status, Knowledge, Food Intake, and Iron Tablet Compliance Among Anemic Pregnant Women in Indonesia: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 13, 43. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S213550
Nechitilo, M., Nguyen, P., Webb-Girard, A., Gonzalez-Casanova, I., Martorell, R., DiGirolamo, A., & Ramakrishnan, U. (2016). A Qualitative Study of Factors Influencing Initiation and Adherence to Micronutrient Supplementation among Women of Reproductive Age in Vietnam. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 37(4), 461–474. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572116647830
Noptriani, S., & Simbolon, D. (2022). Probability of non-compliance to the consumption of Iron Tablets in pregnant women in Indonesia. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, 63(3), E456–E463. https://doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.3.2340
Nsor-anabiah, I. S., Udunwa, U., & Malathi, S. (2019). Review of the Prospects and Challenges of mHealth Implementation in Developing Countries. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 14(12), 2897–2903.
Nurherliyany, M., Herry Garna, H., Wijayanegara, H., Ciamis, S. M., Dharma, S., & Bandung, H. (2022). Pengaruh aplikasi fe-mnhy terhadap keberhasilan pemantauan, pengetahuan dan sikap mengonsumsi tablet fe pada ibu hamil di puskesmas ciamis kabupaten ciamis periode 2021. Jurnal Kesehatan Edisi, 14(1), 2022.
Octavius, G. S., & Antonio, F. (2021). Antecedents of Intention to Adopt Mobile Health (mHealth) Application and Its Impact on Intention to Recommend: An Evidence from Indonesian Customers. International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications, 2021(March 2019). https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6698627
Palivela, D., Shehnaz, S. I., & Chaturvedula, L. (2021). Effect of direct monitoring by family members and counseling by health professionals on iron-folic acid supplementation: A cross-sectional study among pregnant women in Puducherry, India. Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 28(2), 85–93. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.JFCM_445_20
Pathirathna, M. L., Wimalasiri, K. M. S., Sekijima, K., & Sadakata, M. (2020). Maternal Compliance to Recommended Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation in Pregnancy, Sri Lanka: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients, 12, 3266.
Pusparisa, Y. (2020). Indonesia Peringkat ke-3 Global Memanfaatkan Aplikasi Kesehatan. Katadata Media Network. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2020/10/13/indonesia-peringkat-ke-3-global-memanfaatkan-aplikasi-kesehatan
Rahmawati, W., van der Pligt, P., Worsley, A., & Willcox, J. C. (2021). Indonesian antenatal nutrition education: A qualitative study of healthcare professional views. Women’s Health, 17. https://doi.org/10.1177/17455065211066077
Sedlander, E., Long, M. W., Mohanty, S., Munjral, A., Bingenheimer, J. B., Yilma, H., & Rimal, R. N. (2020). Moving beyond individual barriers and identifying multi-level strategies to reduce anemia in Odisha India. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08574-z
Siekmans, K., Roche, M., Kung’u, J. K., Desrochers, R. E., & De-Regil, L. M. (2018). Barriers and enablers for iron folic acid (IFA) supplementation in pregnant women. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 14(July 2017), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12532
Talegawkar, S. A., Jin, Y., Sedlander, E., Ganjoo, R., Behera, S., Dipietro, L., & Rimal, R. (2021). A social norms-based intervention improves dietary diversity among women in rural india: The reduction in anemia through normative innovations (rani) project. Nutrients, 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082822
Triharini, M., Mar’Ah Has, E. M., & Nofita, G. (2023). Determinant factors of anemia in pregnancy based on health belief model: a correlational study. Jurnal Ners, 18(1), 50–56. https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v18i1.43704
Vo, V., Auroy, L., & Sarradon-Eck, A. (2019). Patients’ perceptions of mhealth apps: Meta-ethnographic review of qualitative studies. JMIR MHealth and UHealth, 7(7), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.2196/13817
Whittal, A., Atkins, L., & Herber, O. R. (2021). What the guide does not tell you: reflections on and lessons learned from applying the COM-B behavior model for designing real life interventions. Translational Behavioral Medicine, 11(5), 1122–1126. https://doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibaa116
WHO. (2015). Global nutrition targets 2025 - anaemia. https://www.who.int/multi-media/details/infographics-anaemia
WHO. (2016). WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience. . WHO
WHO. (2019). Daily iron and folic acid supplementation during pregnancy. W http://www.who.int/elena/titles/daily_iron_pregnancy/en/
WHO. (2023). Anaemia. https://www.who.int/data/nutrition/nlis/info/anaemia
Williams, P. A., Poehlman, J., Moran, K., Siddiqui, M., Kataria, I., Rego, A. M., Mehrotra, P., & Saldanha, N. (2020). Strategies to address anaemia among pregnant and lactating women in India: A formative research study. Public Health Nutrition, 23(5), 795–805. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980019003938
Wiradnyani, L. A. A., Khusun, H., Achadi, E. L., Ocviyanti, D., & Shankar, A. H. (2016). Role of family support and women’s knowledge on pregnancy-related risks in adherence to maternal iron-folic acid supplementation in Indonesia. Public Health Nutrition, 19(15), 2818–2828. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980016001002
Zamané, H., Sow, H. E., Kain, D. P., Bicaba, B. W., Kiemtoré, S., Yameogo, I., Bonané-Thieba, B., & Sawadogo, M. (2019). Maternal Mortality at the Dori Regional Hospital in Northern Burkina Faso, 2014-2016. International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS (IJMA), 7(2), 235–241. https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.263
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
In order to be accepted and published by Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education, Author(s) who submit an article should complete all the review process. The copyright of received articles assigned to the Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education,and Department of Health Promotion and Behavior Science, Universitas Airlangga as publishers of the journal. The intended copyright includes the rights to publish articles in various forms (including reprints).
Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education's website. Authors are allowed to use their works for any purposes deemed necessary without written permission from Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health EducationS and/or Department of Health Promotion and Behavior Science, Universitas Airlangga with an acknowledgement of initial publication in this journal.
The Editorial Team of Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education and Department of Health Promotion and Behavior Sciences strive to ensure that no errors occur in the articles that have been published, both data errors and statements in the article.
Users of this website will be licensed to use materials from this website following the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. No fees charged. Please use the materials accordingly.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Attribution ” You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial ” You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
ShareAlike ” If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
