Rising Through Challenges: A Phenomenological Study of Adversity Quotient in Single Mothers’ Child Stimulation Efforts

Adversity Quotient Single Mother Women's Empowerment Early Childhood Stimulation Parenting Practices

Authors

  • Tedy Andrian
    tedyandrian@gmail.com
    Master’s Program in Early Childhood Education, Graduate School, Universitas Panca Sakti Bekasi, Bekasi, West Java, Indonesia 17530, Indonesia
  • Agung Iranda Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia 36361, Indonesia
  • Yun Nina Ekawati Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia 36361 , Indonesia
  • Tonny Sundjaya Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia 16424, Indonesia
  • Yuli Puspita Devi Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Population Studies, and Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia 60115, Indonesia
August 4, 2025

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Background: Being a single mother brought various challenges, not only in the economic aspect but also in meeting the needs of early childhood development. Adversity quotients were very important for single mothers to face difficulties and devise strategies to provide the best stimulation for their children in the early stages of growth and development. Objective: This study aimed to explore the picture of the Adversity Quotient and factors that affected single mothers in an effort to achieve optimal stimulation in early childhood. This study used a phenomenological qualitative method with subjects of three single Method: mothers domiciled in Pudak Village, Kumpeh Ulu District. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews and analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis to understand the subjective experiences of the participants. Results: Adversity quotient in single mothers was reflected in their ability to overcome difficulties, self-control, independence, hard work, and high motivation in providing the best stimulation to their children. Factors supporting resilience included parental support, social support from the surrounding environment, religiosity, and gratitude.
Conclusion:  All participants showed strong dimensions of resilience and its supporting factors as they endeavored to optimally meet the needs of stimulating early childhood development despite facing various challenges as single mothers.