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AUTHOR GUIDELINES

Folia Medica Indonesiana is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal, focusing in medicine in Indonesia and other the developing countries. The aim of this journal is to highlight research and development leading to the progress of basic and clinical health sciences. This journal follows the principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME). This journal publishes four times a year (January - March, April - June, July - September, and October - December). This journal welcomes submissions of original research articles, systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses, and case series with scoping review discussions. Folia Medica Indonesiana upholds rigorous ethical standard, and applies a double-blind peer-review, and has been accredited by The Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology of The Republic of Indonesia (the latest is no. 158/E/KPT/2021; from volume 56, issue 4 [2020] to volume 61, issue 3 [2025]. This journal has also been indexed in the ASEAN Citation Index (ACI) and the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). From October 2024, Folia Medica Indonesiana has been using the Digital Commons (c) migrated from the prior OJS 3 platform.

Manuscripts must be composed in clear and concise English (American-English). Authors who are not proficient in idiomatic English are encouraged to seek help with their manuscript before submission or use of grammar-checker applications is mandatory for any non-native authors. Reviewers will not correct grammatical mistakes, and shortcomings in this area may impact the scientific quality of the paper, potentially leading to delays in acceptance or even rejection.

Manuscripts must be prepared in accordance with "Uniform requirements for Manuscripts submitted to Biomedical Journals" developed by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) (October 2008). The uniform requirements and specific requirements of Folia Medica Indonesiana can be found in the Document Template, which includes templates for the Cover Letter, Checklist, and manuscript itself. Authors are also required to complete the Author’s Declaration & CTA form, affirming that the manuscript contains no fabricated, falsified, or plagiarized content, has not been previously published, and is not under review elsewhere.

All types of manuscript must consist of:

1. Title, must be concise, specific, and informative. The title must consist of no more than 30 words, written on the top line with bold Times New Roman font size 11, uppercase, and left-margin.
2. Running title (other and shorter version of the full title), with 8 words as maximum.
3. Authors' names and affiliations supply given names, middle initials, and family names for complete identification. They should be centered beneath the title and typed in Times New Roman 9 points, non-italic, and boldface. Use superscript lowercase letters to indicate different affiliations, which should be as detailed as possible and must include department, faculty/college, University, the city, and country. The primary affiliation for each author should be the institution where most of their work was done. If an author has subsequently moved, the current address may additionally be stated. Addresses will not be updated after the publication of the article. At least one of the authors must provide their ORCID ID, and a link to the ORCID ID logo should be embedded after their name in the author list.
4. Abstract should be self-contained, citation-free, and should not exceed 300 words. The abstract should briefly describe the purpose of the study, how the investigation was performed, the most important results, and the principal conclusions that were drawn from the results, respectively. Nonstandard or uncommon abbreviations should be defined at first mention within the abstract. The abstract should be typed in Times New Roman, 9-point, non-italic and non-boldface. Further details can be found in Document Template.
5. Keywords are asked to provide (3 to 5) keywords, written below the abstract as seen in the template, in English, started with a capital letter (sentence case), separated with semicolon, and without an ending point. The keywords must contain at least one keyword of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Authors shall use terms present in Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) as the keywords.
6. Corresponding author should be indicated with an asterisk, and contact details (e-mail address) below the affiliation of all authors.
7. Highlights of the manuscript should consist of a minimum of two key points representing the novel contributions of the study. They must not be the copy-paste and repetition of sentences of other manuscript parts. The highlights should be written using numbers before the introduction under the subheading "Highlights”. Further details can be found in Document Template.
8. Introduction should must be concise and devoid of subheadings. The author(s) must elucidate the importance of the work and the rationale for its publication. All background discourse should be concise and limited to relevant information.
9. Materials and Methods should provide a detailed explanation of the research design, settings, time frame, variables, population, samples, sampling methods, instruments, data analyses, and ethical clearance. This section may be divided into subsections if multiple methods are used. Authors should aim to describe experimental methods concisely. The experimental section must include all essential details to ensure reproducibility. References should be provided for previously published methods, with only pertinent modifications explained. Vendor details—such as company name, city, and country—must be included for all chemicals, reagents, strains, and similar materials. For statistical analyses, please specify the tests used, along with an assumed p-value or significance level (e.g., 0.05). 
For any research involving human subjects, informed consent must be freely obtained from participants (or their parent or legal guardian for children under 16), and this must be stated in the manuscript. Further information can be found in the CTA form. Example statements: “Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants involved in the study.” “Written informed consent was secured from the parents.”
Individuals may agree to participate in a study but may object to having their data published in a journal article. If your manuscript includes any individual data in any form (such as personal details, images, or videos), you must obtain consent for publication from that individual, or from their parent or legal guardian in the case of children. This is especially relevant for case studies. The manuscript should include a statement confirming that consent to publish has been obtained from all participants and the author(s) must submit a completed Patient Consent for Publication form. Example statement: “The authors confirm that human research participants provided informed consent for the publication of the images in Figure(s) 1a, 1b, and 1c.”
10. Results of the study need to be presented clearly and concisely. Use tables and figures only for data that are crucial to conveying the study’s main message and interpretation. Structure the results in a logical flow across text, tables, and illustrations.
11. Figures should be cited in ascending Arabic numerals according to their first appearance in the manuscript. Every table must have a descriptive title and if numerical measurements are given, the units should be included in the column heading. Vertical rules should not be used. Each table should be labeled with Arabic numerals in order, followed by a brief descriptive title, centered above the table. Tables should not be submitted in separate files. A total number of tables and figures should be limited, advisably no more than five, and the title of each table should be written center-aligned at the top of the table, in normal Times New Roman, 9 point. Text within tables should be written in 1 space, normal Times New Roman font 8-9 point. Further details can be found in Document Template.
13. Discussion should delve into the importance of the results, avoiding repetition, and should cover the implications and limitations of the findings. Additionally, the discussion should consider how these findings relate to other relevant studies and suggest potential avenues for future research. Do not copy-paste any part of certain section of your full text into another.
14. Strength and limitations, the authors should describe the strength of the study that may include the findings, the novelty of the topic and methodology, and the contribution of the study. In addition, the limitations of the study should also be described that may include the lack of access to information or resources, the limited time of the study, and the size of the population. Suggestions for further studies can also be included in this part.
15. Conclusion the study’s main conclusions in a brief statement that underscores its objectives and significance. Introduce new hypotheses if relevant, and provide recommendations when applicable. Do not copy-paste your materials and methods or results here.
16. Acknowledgment you may recognize any assistance received that isn’t addressed in the author contributions or funding sections. This could involve administrative and technical support or in-kind contributions, such as materials used in experiments.
17. Conflict of Interest author(s) must disclose any personal circumstances or interests that could be seen as affecting the representation or interpretation of the research findings. If no conflicts exist, include the statement, "None." Additionally, any influence by funding sponsors on the research project selection, study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, manuscript preparation, or publication decision should be disclosed in this section. Projects funded by industry should particularly ensure a complete declaration of sponsor involvement. If there was no sponsor role, state, “The sponsors had no role in the design, execution, interpretation, or writing of the study.”
18. Ethical considerations researchers conducting studies involving human or animal subjects must include a statement confirming approval (or exemption) from the relevant institutional and/or national research ethics committee, specifying the committee’s name and reference number if available. For studies involving animals, their data, or biological material, authors should provide detailed information regarding ethical treatment within their submission. If ethics approval was not required or an exemption was granted, this should be clearly explained in the manuscript.
19. Funding disclosure should state how the research was funded, including grant numbers if applicable. Write down the institution, city, and country. If there are no fundings received, please state "None.” Funding disclosure should be typed in Times New Roman, size 10 point.
20. Author contribution must provide a delineation of their respective contributions to the manuscript. The description must be categorized into the following sections, i.e. conception and design, analysis and interpretation of the data, drafting of the article, critical revision of the article for important intellectual content, final approval of the article, provision of study materials or patients, statistical expertise, obtaining of funding, administrative, technical, or logistic supports, collection and assembly of data. The authors' contributions will be published alongside the paper. One or more authors must assume responsibility for the integrity of the entire work from genesis to publication and should be labeled as 'guarantors. Further explanation can be found in the CTA form.
21. References should be numbered consecutively in the order they appear in the text, according to Hardvard style. References should use the most updated and relevant references from the last 10 years of the submission date. Use the original article as much as possible. References are advisably not to exceed 30 in number but not less than 25. Reference management software, such as Mendeley®, Zotero®, and EndNote®, should be used to write citations and references. All words in Latin must be written in italics. The use of abbreviations is generally agreed upon, and an extension must be given in the first mention of the abbreviation. Decimal numbers are marked with points (.). Further details can be found in Document Template.

Manuscript Types and Organizations

1. Original Research Report
Original research reports a substantial body of laboratory or clinical work, presenting the outcome of a large trial, case control, observational or retrospective study. The authors must confirm in the manuscript that they have ethical clearance for the conduct of the reported research. The procedure in the research should be in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The ethical clearance should be submitted along with the manuscript. The manuscript should be approximately 3500 words.
Total number of tables and figures are limited, advisably not more than five, and references are minimally 20 from the last 10 years before the date of submission. The text consists of Abstract, Highlights, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Strength and limitations, Conclusion, Acknowledgment, Conflict of Interest, Ethical Consideration, Funding Disclosure, Author Contribution, and References. The template can be downloaded here.

2. Case Series with Scoping Review Discussion
Case series with scoping review highlights important innovations with wide applicability or previously unpublished complications of new techniques or medications. The reported case(s) should adhere to the CARE checklist and are discussed with the result of a scoping review which comply to the PRISMA-ScR. The authors must confirm in the manuscript that they have obtained written permission of those whose case is being presented. The manuscript should be approximately 3500 words. The text consists of Abstract, Highlights, Introduction, Case Series, Scoping Review, Discussion, Strength and limitations, Conclusion, Acknowledgment, Conflict of Interest, Funding Disclosure, Author Contribution, and References.

3. Systematic Review & Meta Analysis
Systematic Review involves a detailed and comprehensive plan and search strategy derived a priori, to reduce bias by identifying, appraising, and synthesizing all relevant studies on a particular topic. Meta-analysis is a statistical analysis combining the results of multiple scientific studies, analyzing multiple scientific studies addressing the same question, with each individual study reporting measurements that are expected to have some degree of error. Folia Medica Indonesiana publishes high-quality systematic review products including systematic review protocols, systematic reviews related to a very broad definition of medicine (basic and clinical), rapid reviews, updates of completed systematic reviews, and research methods related to the science of systematic reviews, such as decision modelling. Appropriate methodology should be followed, such as CASP, GRADE CERQual, PRISMA, PRISMA-ScR, and PROSPERO, the online international register for systematic reviews. The manuscript should be approximately 3500 words. Total number of tables and figures are limited, advisably not more than five, and references are minimally 20 from the last 10 years before the date of submission. The text consists of Abstract, Highlights, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Strength and limitations, Conclusion, Acknowledgment, Conflict of Interest, Funding Disclosure, Author Contribution, and References.

References
References should be numbered consecutively in the order they appear in the text, according to Hardvard style. References should use the most updated and relevant references from the last 10 years of the submission date. Use the original article as much as possible. References are advisably not to exceed 30 in number but not less than 25. Reference management software, such as Mendeley®, Zotero®, and EndNote®, should be used to write citations and references. All words in Latin must be written in italics. The use of abbreviations is generally agreed upon, and an extension must be given in the first mention of the abbreviation. Decimal numbers are marked with points (.). Further details can be found in Document Template
Here are some examples of the references:

1.  Journal
Up to three authors, list all the authors:
Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL (2002). Solid-organ transplantation in HIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med 347, 284-287 (doi: .............)

More than three authors, list the first three authors, followed by et al.:
Rose ME, Huerbin MB, Melick J, et al (2002). Regulation of interstitial excitatory amino acid concentrations after cortical contusion injury. Brain Res 935, 40-46 (doi: .............)

2.   Book
Two to three authors, list all the authors:
Sambrook J, Russerl DW (2001). Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York.

More than three authors, list the first three authors, followed by et al.:
Reece JB, Lisa AU, Peter VM, et al (2010). Campbell biology. Pearson, London.

a. Chapter in a book
Meltzer PS, Kallioniemi A, Trent JM (2002). Chromosome alterations in human solid tumors. In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW (eds). The genetic basis of human cancer, New York, McGraw-Hill, p 93-113.

b. Electronic book/E-book
Chapter from an electronic book: 
Darwin C. On the origin of species by means of natural selection or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life [Internet]. London: John Murray; 1859. Chapter 5, Laws of variation. [cited 2010 Apr 22]. Available from: http://www.talkorigins. org/faqs/origin/ chapter5.html. 

c. Full-text electronic book:
Macdonald S. editor. Maye's midwifery 14th ed. [eBook]. Edinburgh: Bailliere Tindall; 2011 [cited 2012 Aug 26]. Available from: Ebrary.

3.   Proceeding 
Proceeding book 
a. Offline proceeding:
Kimura J, Shibasaki H, editors. Recent advances in clinical neurophysiology. Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of EMG and Clinical Neurophysiology; 1995 Oct 15"19; Kyoto, Japan. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1996.

b. Online proceeding: 
Muller S, editor. Proceedings of the 10th international conference on head-driven phrase structure grammar [Internet]; 2003 Jul 18-20; East Lansing (MI). Stanford (CA): CSLI Publications; 2003 [cited 2017 Nov 16]. Available from: http://web.stanford.edu/group/ cslipublicationsSta/cslipublications/HPSG/2003/toc.shtml.

4.   Theses/Dissertation
a. Offline theses/dissertation: 
Kay JG. Intracellular cytokine trafficking and phagocytosis in macrophages [dissertation]. St Lucia, Qld: University of Queensland; 2007 

b. Online theses/dissertation:
Pahl KM. Preventing anxiety and promoting social and emotional strength in early childhood: an investigation of risk factors [dissertation on the Internet]. St Lucia, Qld: University of Queensland; 2009 [cited 2017 Nov 22]. Available from: https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:178027.

5.   Homepage/Website
Cancer-Pain.org (2002). New York: Association of Cancer Online Resources, Inc.; c2000-01. [updated 2002 May 16]. Available from http://www.cancer-pain.org/. Accessed July 9, 2002.

SUBMISSION PREPARATION CHECKLIST

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

1. The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines, which are found in About the Journal.

2. The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).

3. The submission file is in OpenOffice, Microsoft Word, RTF, or WordPerfect document file format.