HIDROLISIS MINYAK JARAK PAGAR MENJADI ASAM LEMAH BEBAS MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS CaO
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Telah dilakukan hidrolisis minyak jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas oil: JO) menggunakan katalis CaO. Reaksi ini dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomis minyak jarak pagar selain biodiesel. Katalis CaO dikalsinasi terlebih dahulu pada suhu 800áµ’C untuk menghindari terjadinya deaktivasi katalis oleh terbentuknya CaCO3. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan karakterisasi katalis CaO meliputi struktur kristal CaO, luas permukaan, jumlah situs basa dan kekuatan kebasaan serta aktivitas katalitiknya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, katalis CaO memiliki luas permukaan 26,451 m2/g, kekuatan situs basa (pKB) pada daerah 7,2 < pKBH CaO < 15,0. Hasil uji aktivitas katalis CaO pada reaksi hidrolisis CJO diperoleh konversi CJO menjadi asam lemak bebas (free fatty acid: FFA) sebesar 77,58% pada waktu 60 menit.
Kata kunci: hidrolisis, minyak jarak pagar (JO), free fatty acid (FFA), CaO dan situs basa
Abstract
Hydrolysis of Jatropha curcas oil has been carried out using CaO as a catalyst. This reaction is intended to increase the economic value besides biodiesel. CaO catalyst was calcined at a temperature of 800 oC to avoid catalyst deactivation by formation of CaCO3. In this research include the characterization of catalysts CaO crystal structure, surface area, the number of base sites and the strength of basicity and catalytic activity. The results of the analysis showed that CaO catalyst has a surface area of 26.451 m2/g, the number of base sites of 221.77 mmol/g and the strength of base sites (pKBH) in the range of 7.2 < pKBH CaO < 15.0. From catalytic activity test showed that that the use of the catalytic activity of CaO catalyst in the hydrolysis reaction CJO into free fatty acids (FFA) as much as 77.58% for 60 minutes.
Keywords: hydrolysis, Jatropha curcas oil (JO), free fatty acid (FFA), CaO and base site
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