Analisis Faktor Risiko Modifikasi Penyakit Jantung Koroner Di RSU Haji Surabaya Tahun 2019
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ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Pola penyakit saat ini mengalami transisi epidemiologi, salah satunya dibuktikan oleh perkembangan dari penyakit tidak menular yaitu penyakit jantung. Penyakit jantung khususnya jantung koroner ini termasuk penyakit yang menduduki tingkat nomor satu di dunia.. Diperkirakan angka kematian akibat penyakit Jantung Koroner akan mengalami peningkatan hingga 23,3 juta pada tahun 2030 (World Health Organization 2013). Penelitian ini membahas mengenai faktor risiko PJK yaitu hipertensi, diabetes melitus, aktivitas fisik, dan perilaku merokok.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko hipertensi, diabetes melitus, aktivitas fisik, dan perilaku merokok pada pasien penyakit jantung koroner di Rsu Haji Surabaya tahun 2019.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dan bersifat analitik. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah case control.
Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel hipertensi memiliki hubungan (p-value = 0,0 ; p<0,05) terhadap penyakit jantung koroner, variabel diabetes melitus memiliki hubungan (p-value= 0,00 ; p<0,05) terhadap penyakit jantung koroner dan variabel aktifitas fisik memiliki hubungan yang signifikan (p-value = 0,017; OR = 0,184; 95%CI =0,039-0,861) dengan kejadian penyakit jantung koroner. Sedangkan hasil yang tidak beruhubungan yaitu pada variabel perilaku merokok (p-value = 0,250; OR = 1,463; 95%CI=0,764-2,802) terhadap penyakit jantung koroner.
Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa hipertensi, diabetes melitus, dan aktifitas fisik memiliki hubungan dan termasuk faktor risiko kejadian penyakit jantung koroner. Sedangkan perilaku merokok tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian penyakit jantung koroner.
Kata kunci: Penyakit jantung, jantung koroner dan faktor risiko
ABSTRACT
Background: The pattern of disease is currently undergoing an epidemiological transition, one of which is evidenced by the development of non-communicable diseases, namely heart disease. Heart disease, especially coronary heart disease, is a disease that ranks number one in the world. It is estimated that the death rate due to coronary heart disease will increase to 23.3 million in 2030 (World Health Organization 2013). This study discusses the risk factors for CHD, namely hypertension, diabetes mellitus, physical activity, and smoking behavior.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, physical activity, and smoking behavior in coronary heart disease patients at Rsu Haji Surabaya in 2019.
Methods: This study was an observational and analytical study. The research design used was case-control.
Results: The results of this study indicate that the hypertension variable has a relationship (p-value = 0.00; p <0.05) on coronary heart disease, the diabetes mellitus variable has a relationship (p-value = 0.00; p <0.05) on coronary heart disease and the activity variable physical had a significant relationship (p-value = 0.017; OR = 0.184; 95% CI=0.039-0.861) with the incidence of coronary heart disease. While the results that were not related were the smoking behavior variable (p-value = 0.250; OR = 1.463; 95% CI=0.764-2.802) on coronary heart disease.
Conclusion: Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and physical activity have a relationship and include risk factors for coronary heart disease. Meanwhile, smoking behavior does not show a significant relationship with the incidence of coronary heart disease.
Keywords: Cardiovascular diseas, coronary heart and risk factors.
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