BETLE LEAF ESSENTIAL OIL FOR HEMOPHILIAC PATIENTS AND ITS ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTS ON MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
Downloads
Betle leaf (Piper betle L.) is a medicinal plant. It contains essential oil and shows various biological activities, such as antibacterial, anticoagulant, etc. It is further reported to have low anticoagulant activities; thus, it is highly potential as a candidate for coagulant drug. Coagulant is used to prevent bleeding for patients with blood clotting disorders like hemophilia. In Indonesia, 1,236 people were reported with hemophilia. The standard parameters of anticoagulant activity are the freezing period and the compound concentrations. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of betle leaf's essential oil on blood coagulation in patients with factor VIII and IX of blood plasma disorders. The isolation of essential oil is conducted through steam distillation method with two kinds of solvents, namely distilled water and n-hexane. The obtained n-hexane extract is then separated from the liquid-liquid extraction and rotary evaporator. Essential oil is diluted with citrate plasma solution. The test results of blood clots increase as the concentration of essential oils increase. The results are recorded as such: essential oils ½ times dilution of 99.67 seconds; ¼ times dilution of 127 seconds; 1/8 times dilution of 179 seconds; and 1/16 times dilution of 242.67 seconds. The test above proves that the piper betle extract possesses a coagulant activity. The ethanol extract contained in the piper betle could stimulate clotting in the blood cells. It is caused by the increase of blood plasma concentration which further escalate the plasma fluid into the blood cells. Based on this study, the activity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be obstructed by betle leaf in ½ times dilution. The extract significantly reduces acid which accelerates bacteria development.
Sripradha S. Betel Leaf – The Green Gold. J Pharm Sci Res. 2014;6(1):36–7.
A TP, Farida Y. Total Phenolic, Flavonoids Content and Antioxidant Activity of The Ethanolic Extract of Betel Leaf (Piper betle L.). In: Total Phenolic, Flavonoids Content and Antioxidant Activity of The Ethanolic Extract of Betel Leaf (Piper betle L). Jakarta: The International Conference in Nanotechnology; 2013. p. 1–4.
Ovedoff D. Kapita Selekta Kedokteran. In: Kapita Selekta Kedokteran. Binarupa Aksara; 2002.
Oktora L, Kumala R. Pemanfaatan Obat Tradisional Dan Keamanannya. Maj Ilmu Kefarmasian. 2006;III(1):1–7.
Schreuder MF, Bueters RR, Huigen MC, Russel FGM, Masereeuw R, van den Heuvel LP. Effect of Drugs on Renal Development. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Jan 1;6(1):212–7.
Ramström S. Clotting time analysis of citrated blood samples is strongly affected by the tube used for blood sampling. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2005 Sep;16(6):447–52.
Birdi T, D'souza D, Tolani M, Daswani P, Nair V, Tetali P, et al. Assessment of the Activity of Selected Indian Medicinal Plants against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A Preliminary Screening Using the Microplate Alamar Blue Assay. European J Med Plants. 2012 Jan 10;2(4):308–23.
Tedjasulaksana R. Ekstrak Etil Asetat dan Etanol Daun Sirih (Piper betle L.) dapat Memperpendek Waktu Pendarahan Mencit (Mus Musculus). J Kesehat Gigi. 2013;1(1):32–9.
Lee G, Arepally GM. Anticoagulation techniques in apheresis: From heparin to citrate and beyond. J Clin Apher. 2012;27(3):117-25.
Félix-Silva J, Souza T, Camara RBBG, Cabral B, Silva-Júnior AA, Rebecchi IMM, et al. In vitro anticoagulant and antioxidant activities of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae) leaves aiming therapeutical applications. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Dec 20;14(1):405.
Rossi C, Holbrook M, James SH, Mabel and D. Medical and Forensic Aspects of Blood Clot Formation in the Presence of Saliva – A Preliminary Studytle. J Bloodstain Pattern Anal. 2012;28(3):3–12.
Tangkery RAB, Paransa DS, Rumengan A. Uji Aktivitas Antikoagulan Ekstrak Mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum. J Pesisir dan Laut Trop. 2013;1:7–14.
Miranda CAS, Cardoso MG, Mansanares ME, Gomes MS, Marcussi S. Preliminary assessment of Hedychium coronarium essential oil on fibrinogenolytic and coagulant activity induced by Bothrops and Lachesis snake venoms. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis. 2014;20(1):39.
Nalina T, Rahim ZHA. The Crude Aqueous Extract of Piper betle L. and its Antibacterial Effect Towards Streptococcus mutans. Am J Biochem Biotechnol. 2007 Jan 1;3(1):10–5.
Jesonbabu J, Spandana N, Reddy MS. A Bioactive Compound from Piper Betel with Anticoagulant Activity. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2012;4(3):2012.
Satyal P, Setzer WN. Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Nepalese Piper betle L . IJPHA. 2012;1(2):23–6.
Sharma S, Kalia NP, Suden P, Chauhan PS, Kumar M, Ram AB, et al. Protective efficacy of piperine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2014 Jul;94(4):389–96.
Holten-Andersen L, Doherty TM, Korsholm KS, Andersen P. Combination of the cationic surfactant dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide and synthetic mycobacterial cord factor as an efficient adjuvant for tuberculosis subunit vaccines. Infect Immun. 2004 Mar;72(3):1608–17.
Quiroga MF, Jurado JO, Martínez GJ, Pasquinelli V, Musella RM, Abbate E, et al. Cross-talk between CD31 and the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule-associated protein during interferongamma production against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Infect Dis. 2007 Nov 1;196(9):1369–78.
The Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease (IJTID) is a scientific peer-reviewed journal freely available to be accessed, downloaded, and used for research. All articles published in the IJTID are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which is under the following terms:
Attribution ” You must give appropriate credit, link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so reasonably, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial ” You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
ShareAlike ” If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
No additional restrictions ” You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
