Estrus quality, non-return rate and conception rate in the incidence of repeat breeding in dairy cow after 2%povidone iodine therapy combined with prostaglandin F2α at KUD Tani Wilis Tulungagung

Repeat breeding is a condition in which cows fail to conceive after being bred three or more times. This study aims to determine the quality of estrus, non-return rate (NRR) and conception rates obtained after cows were treated with 2% povidone iodine. The study involved 30 Holstein Friesian cows, each having calved three times and experiencing repeat breeding. Cows in estrus were treated with 10 mL of 2% povidone iodine intrauterinely, followed by an intramuscular injection of 2 mL (250 mg/head) of prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α, Luteosyl) five days later. Estrus quality was observed by examining changes in vulvar mucosa color, mucus discharge, and vulvar temperature. Pregnancy diagnosis was made at 60 days. Results showed that 43.3% of cows had estrus quality score 3 (cows showed dark red vulvar mucosa, transparent mucus, temperature 38.9 ± 0.5 ºC), 23.3% had score 2 (cows showed reddish vulvar mucosa, some cloudy mucus, temperature 38.7 ± 1.0 ºC), and 33.3% had score 1 (cows showed pink vulvar mucosa, cloudy mucus, temperature 38.6 ± 0.5 ºC). Of the 30 cows, 20 had a non-return rate (NRR) of 66.7%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that 2% povidone iodine has a positive effect on estrus quality, NRR, and conception rates in dairy cows experiencing repeat breeding.