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Uji Efektifitas Ekstrak Daun Sirih Merah (Piper rocatum) Terhadap Bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila Secara In Vitro
[ Effectines Of Leaves Extracts Red Betel (Piper crocatum) Againts Of Bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila In Vitro ]
Corresponding Author(s) : Ratih Kusuma Wardani, Wahyu Tjahjaningsih, Boedi Setya Rahardja
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2012): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a motile Aeromonas bacteria that cause Septicemia (MAS) or the disease kwon as red spots (Plumb, 1994). These bacteria attack the various types of freshwater fish such as African catfish, carp and prawns. Treatment of MAS is still a lot of use antibiotics, whereas antibiotic a lot side effects. This study tries for find an alternative use antibacterial substances using natural chemicals derived from medicinal plants of leaves extracs red betel (P. crocatum) which is antibacterial is a volatile oil, flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins. The purpose of this study was to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of leaves extracts red betel (P. crocatum) against of bacteria A. hydrophila. The research was conducted on July-August 2011, at the faculty of veterinary medicine, Airlangga University and Organic Chemistry Laboratory Faculty Of science and Technology Airlangga University. The method used in this study is an experimental method, using completely randomized design (RAL) with 11 treatments and three replications. Variables observed in this study is the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of leaves extracts red betel (P. crocatum). The observations were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANAVA). The results showed that extracts leaves red betel (P. crocatum) has efficacy against the bacteria A. hydrophila in vitro. Based on the results of MIC testing, leaves exracts of red betel (P. crocatum) inhibits growth of bacteria A. hydrophila at a concentration of 12,5% and based on test results of MBC, leaves extracs of red betel (P. crocatum) effectively kills the bacteria A. hydrophila at a concentration of 25%. It can be concluded that the concentration of antibacterial substances contained in red betel able to inhibit and kill bacteria A. hydrophila. This study recommends further to determine the effects of leaves extracts red betel (P. crocatum) A. hydrophila against bacteria in vitro, so that can know the effectiveness of leaves effects of leaves extracts red betel (P. crocatum) in suppressing populations of bacteria A. hydrophila
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- Ayu, W., S. Nur dan Z. Abidin. 2008. Pemanfaatan Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Ketapang Terminalia cattapa L. Dan Bawang Putih Allium sativum Sebagai Antibiotik Alami Untuk Pencegahan dan Pengobatan Serangan Aeromonas hydrophila Pada Ikan Patin Pangasionodon hypopthalmus. Laporan Akhir Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa Penelitian. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor. 49 hal.
- Bayoo, 2006. Sirih Merah: Sembuh Bukan Sekedar Impian, http://Trubus-online.com, diakses 10 Februari 2011. 10 hal.
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- Dita, M. 2010. Uji Daya Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber L) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Salmonella typhi. Skripsi. Program Studi Biologi. Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Jakarta. 88 hal.
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- Yuli, S. 2007. Daya Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper Betle Linn) Terhadap Bakteri Vibrio Harveyi Secara In vitro. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan. Universitas Airlangga. Surabaya. 80 hal
References
Ayu, W., S. Nur dan Z. Abidin. 2008. Pemanfaatan Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Ketapang Terminalia cattapa L. Dan Bawang Putih Allium sativum Sebagai Antibiotik Alami Untuk Pencegahan dan Pengobatan Serangan Aeromonas hydrophila Pada Ikan Patin Pangasionodon hypopthalmus. Laporan Akhir Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa Penelitian. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor. 49 hal.
Bayoo, 2006. Sirih Merah: Sembuh Bukan Sekedar Impian, http://Trubus-online.com, diakses 10 Februari 2011. 10 hal.
Bailey and Scott's. 1994. Diagnostic Microbiology. 8th Edition. Toronto.pp. 313-328.
Dewi, N. 2010. Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Flavanoid Dari Daun Sirih Merah (Piper betle L. Var Rubrum). Skripsi. Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim. Malang. 117 hal.
Dita, M. 2010. Uji Daya Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber L) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Salmonella typhi. Skripsi. Program Studi Biologi. Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Jakarta. 88 hal.
Farida, R., Dewa, M. Titis, N dan Endrawati, T. 2010. Manfaat Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) Sebagai Agen Anti Bakterial Terhadap Bakteri Gram Positif dan Gram Negatif. Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia, I (7) : 10-25.
Fadhilla, R. 2010. Aktivitas antimikroba ekstrak tumbuhan lumut hati (Marchantia paleacea) terhadap bakteri patogen dan pembusuk makanan. Tesis. Sekolah Pasca Sarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor. 87 hal
Kusriningrum, 1989. Dasar Perancangan Percobaam Dan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan. Universitas Airlangga. Surabaya. hal 53-92
Mulia, D. S., 2010. Penggunaan Vaksin Debris Sel Aeromonas hydrophila Dengan Interval Waktu Booster Berbeda Terhadap Respons Imun Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepinus Burchell). Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto. 10 hal.
Siti, N. 2010. Identifikasi dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Minyak Atsiri Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) Asal Magelang. Skripsi. FMIPA. Universitas Sebelas Maret. Surakarta. 116 hal.
Yuli, S. 2007. Daya Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper Betle Linn) Terhadap Bakteri Vibrio Harveyi Secara In vitro. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan. Universitas Airlangga. Surabaya. 80 hal