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Teknik Pemeliharaan Benih Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus Linn.) Di Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau Jepara Kabupaten Jepara Propinsi Jawa Tengah
[Rearing Technique Of Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus Linn.) Fry At Brackish Water Culture Development Centre Of Jepara, Jepara Regency And Central Java Province]
Corresponding Author(s) : Laksmi Sulwartiwi
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 2 No. 1 (2010): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Abstract
Blue swimming crab is one of fishery commodity for export that still depend from captured, so it will affect population in wild. One of effort to prevent of crab exinction by hatchery advanced. Inhibition of blue swimming crab was survival rate that low, so it was needed case study about rearing technique of blue swimming crab fry. The aim of this case study was to know directly about rearing technique of blue swimming crab fry and problem that emerged in rearing of blue swimming crab fry. This case study was done at Brackish water Culture Development Center of Jepara, Jepara Regency and Central Java of Province on August 1-30, 2005. Work method which used in case study was descriptive by data collection consisted primary and secondary data. Collection data were done by active participation, interview, observation and study literature. Fry was produced from brood stock of egg maturation stage III which came from wild. Activities of rearing fry consisted preparing of rearing pond, stocking density, food feeding, monitoring of water qualities, pest and disease ocontrol and also harvesting. Water qualities measured were salinity 28-32 ppt and water temperature 29-32C. stocking densities were >100 inds/lt with survival rates were 1,3-3,8%. During rearing, fry was given natural feeds such as Chlorella vulgaris, Brachionus plicatilis, Artemia salina, commercial food merk Frippak and grinding shrimp. In this rearing was found red fungi and controlled by using Erythromycin 1ppm. Harvesting was done after fry 18-days age and was done stocking in nursery pond at Brackish water Culture Development Center of Jepara. Conclusion of this case study were rearing technique of blue swimming crab fry consisted brood stock maintenance, fry rearing system, stocking density, monitoring of water qualities, pest and disease control and also harvesting. Challenge in blue swimming crab with steady system were greatly density, plankton die-off, red fungi and also cannibalism that caused blue swimming crab mortalities.
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- Darsono, P. 1997. Mating Behavior of the Blue Crab, Calinectes sapidus Rathbun. Majalah Oseana. Vol. XXII No.1. Jakarta. hal 20-32.
- Effendie, I. 1997. Biologi Perikanan. Yayasan Pustaka Nustama. Yogyakarta. hal 92-105.
- Ghufron, M.H.K.K. 1997. Budidaya Kepiting dan Bandeng di Tambak Sistem Polikultur. Dahara Prize. Semarang. hal 9-39.
- Hill, B.J. 1974. Salinity and Temperature Tolerance of Zoea of the Portunidae Crab Scylla serrata.Mar. Biol.
- Isnansetyo, A. dan Kurniastuty. 1995. Teknik Kultur Phytoplankton dan Zooplankton. Kanisius. Yogyakarta. 116 hal.
- Juwana, S. 2002. Kriteria Optimum untuk Pemeliharan Larva Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) di Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Oseanologi – LIPI. Neptunus. Majalah Ilmiah Pembangunan dan Pengembangan Kelautan, IX (2) : 75-88.
- Juwana, S. dan K. Romimohtarto. 2000. Rajungan; Perikanan, Cara Budidaya dan Menu Masakan. Djambatan. Jakarta. 47 hal.
- Kanna, I. 1997. Budidaya Kepiting Bakau; Pembenihan dan Pembesaran. Kanisius. Yogyakarta. 117 hal.
- Mardjono, M., L. Ruliaty., R. Prastowo dan Sugeng.2002. Produksi Benih Portunus Pelagicus untuk Re-stocking. Laporan Tahunan BBPBAP Tahun 2002. Jepara. 26-34.
- Mardjono, M. dan M. Arifin. 1992. Pemeliharaan Larva Kepiting Dengan Tingkat Kepadatan Yang Berbeda. Laporan Tahunan BBAP 1992-1993. Jepara. 92-99.
- Mujiman, A. 2000. Makanan Ikan. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta. hal 37-82.
- Mukti, A.T., M. Arief dan W.H. Satyantini. 2003. Diktat Kuliah Dasar-Dasar Akuakultur. Program Studi Budidaya Perairan. Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Airlangga. Surabaya. hal 47-53.
- Murtidjo, B.A. 1992. Budidaya Udang Galah; Sistem Monokultur. Kanisius. Yogyakarta. hal 76-79.
- Noor Hamid. 1989. Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Larvae of Mud Crab Scylla serrata Forskal. UP Visayas Iloilo. 52 p.
- Prijosepoetro, 1997. Metodologi Ilmiah. Universitas Hang Tuah. Surabaya.
- Romimohtarto, K. 1997. Sumberdaya Bentik dari Pulau Pari dan Masalah Masalahnya. Pewarta Oseana (3) : 33-42.
- Ruliaty, L., M. Mardjono., R. Prastowo dan Sugeng. 2004. Pemeliharaan Larva Rajungan (Portunus Pelagicus Linn). Laporan TahunanKegiatan BBPBAP. Jepara. 41-48.
- Soegiarto, A., Toro, V. dan Kinarti, A. 1979. Udang. Proyek Penelitian Potensi Sumberdaya Ekonomi Lembaga Oseanologi Nasional – LIPI. Jakarta. 244 hal.
- Supriyatna, A. 1999. Pemeliharan Larva Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) Dengan Waktu Pemberian Pakan Artemia Yang Berbeda. Prossiding Seminar Nasional Puslitbangkan Bekerjasama dengan JICA ATA. 173-178.
- Suriatna, S. 1979. Kebutuhan Protein dan Asam Amino pada Ikan. Majalah Pertanian 27 (3) : 19-24.
- Winget, R.R, C.E. Epifanio, T. Runnel and P. Austin. 1976. Effect of Diet and Temperature on Growth and Mortality of the Blue Crab,Calinectus sapidus maintained in the Resirculating Culture system. Procs. National Shaell Fisheries Association University of Delaware. Vol. 66.
References
Darsono, P. 1997. Mating Behavior of the Blue Crab, Calinectes sapidus Rathbun. Majalah Oseana. Vol. XXII No.1. Jakarta. hal 20-32.
Effendie, I. 1997. Biologi Perikanan. Yayasan Pustaka Nustama. Yogyakarta. hal 92-105.
Ghufron, M.H.K.K. 1997. Budidaya Kepiting dan Bandeng di Tambak Sistem Polikultur. Dahara Prize. Semarang. hal 9-39.
Hill, B.J. 1974. Salinity and Temperature Tolerance of Zoea of the Portunidae Crab Scylla serrata.Mar. Biol.
Isnansetyo, A. dan Kurniastuty. 1995. Teknik Kultur Phytoplankton dan Zooplankton. Kanisius. Yogyakarta. 116 hal.
Juwana, S. 2002. Kriteria Optimum untuk Pemeliharan Larva Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) di Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Oseanologi – LIPI. Neptunus. Majalah Ilmiah Pembangunan dan Pengembangan Kelautan, IX (2) : 75-88.
Juwana, S. dan K. Romimohtarto. 2000. Rajungan; Perikanan, Cara Budidaya dan Menu Masakan. Djambatan. Jakarta. 47 hal.
Kanna, I. 1997. Budidaya Kepiting Bakau; Pembenihan dan Pembesaran. Kanisius. Yogyakarta. 117 hal.
Mardjono, M., L. Ruliaty., R. Prastowo dan Sugeng.2002. Produksi Benih Portunus Pelagicus untuk Re-stocking. Laporan Tahunan BBPBAP Tahun 2002. Jepara. 26-34.
Mardjono, M. dan M. Arifin. 1992. Pemeliharaan Larva Kepiting Dengan Tingkat Kepadatan Yang Berbeda. Laporan Tahunan BBAP 1992-1993. Jepara. 92-99.
Mujiman, A. 2000. Makanan Ikan. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta. hal 37-82.
Mukti, A.T., M. Arief dan W.H. Satyantini. 2003. Diktat Kuliah Dasar-Dasar Akuakultur. Program Studi Budidaya Perairan. Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Airlangga. Surabaya. hal 47-53.
Murtidjo, B.A. 1992. Budidaya Udang Galah; Sistem Monokultur. Kanisius. Yogyakarta. hal 76-79.
Noor Hamid. 1989. Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Larvae of Mud Crab Scylla serrata Forskal. UP Visayas Iloilo. 52 p.
Prijosepoetro, 1997. Metodologi Ilmiah. Universitas Hang Tuah. Surabaya.
Romimohtarto, K. 1997. Sumberdaya Bentik dari Pulau Pari dan Masalah Masalahnya. Pewarta Oseana (3) : 33-42.
Ruliaty, L., M. Mardjono., R. Prastowo dan Sugeng. 2004. Pemeliharaan Larva Rajungan (Portunus Pelagicus Linn). Laporan TahunanKegiatan BBPBAP. Jepara. 41-48.
Soegiarto, A., Toro, V. dan Kinarti, A. 1979. Udang. Proyek Penelitian Potensi Sumberdaya Ekonomi Lembaga Oseanologi Nasional – LIPI. Jakarta. 244 hal.
Supriyatna, A. 1999. Pemeliharan Larva Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) Dengan Waktu Pemberian Pakan Artemia Yang Berbeda. Prossiding Seminar Nasional Puslitbangkan Bekerjasama dengan JICA ATA. 173-178.
Suriatna, S. 1979. Kebutuhan Protein dan Asam Amino pada Ikan. Majalah Pertanian 27 (3) : 19-24.
Winget, R.R, C.E. Epifanio, T. Runnel and P. Austin. 1976. Effect of Diet and Temperature on Growth and Mortality of the Blue Crab,Calinectus sapidus maintained in the Resirculating Culture system. Procs. National Shaell Fisheries Association University of Delaware. Vol. 66.