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Redescription of Bactronophorus thoracites Gould (1856) and Bankia gracilis Moll (1935) from Sabah Waters, Malaysia, with Short Ecological Notes and Measurements Metrics
Corresponding Author(s) : Chen Cheng Ann
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 14 No. 1 (2022): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Highlight Research
- Redescription of marine woodborers, Bactronophorus thoracites and Bankia gracilis from the region were illustrated.
- New records of Bactronophorus thoracites and Bankia gracilis from the region.
- Addition info on the measurements of pallets was recorded.
- Certain ecological data on the habitat of marine woodborers Bactronophorus thoracites and Bankia gracilis were documented.
Abstract
Mollusc wood-borers are classified into two groups: pholads and teredinids. While pholads have a limited distribution totemperate and tropical marine waters, teredinids are found worldwide. However, limited info on the taxonomy was documented on the marine wood borer in Sabah, Malaysia. Present study focuses on determining the wood borer species from Sabah waters, Malaysia. Samples were collected from fallen tree debris in the mangrove at Kota Kinabalu, Kuala Penyu and W.P. Labuan during low tide and water quality parameters were taken in-situ from all three sampling sites. Specimen identification was carried out by observing the physical characteristics of the pallets which are unique between genuses. The species Bactronophorusthoracites was identified from the Kota Kinabalu sampling site and species Bankia gracilis were found in both the Kuala Penyu and W.P. Labuan sampling site. The pallet of B. thoracite are of "dagger-and-sheath” shape, it is 26mm in length, with blade measuring 10mm in length, basal cup 4mm in length and stalk 12mm in length. The pallet of B.gracilis is characterized by the dark periostacum covering the 3-lobbed upper margin of the calcareous portion of the inner face of the cone, the pallet is 20mm in length, with the blade and stalk both measuring 10mm in length. The present study described two species of marine wood borers namely B. thoracites and B. gracilis in Sabah and W.P. Labuan with some measurement metrics and ecological parameters that were missing from previous studies that aided the process of species identification in future.
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- Appelqvist, C. Havenhand, J. N., & Toth, G. B. (2015). Distribution and abundance of teredinid recruits along the Swedish coast – are shipworms invading the Baltic Sea? Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95(4):783-790.
- Beasley, C. R., Fernandes, C. M., Moluscos, L. D., & Leando, A. (2005). Molluscan Diversity and Abundance Among Coastal Habitats of Northern Brazil. Ecotropica, 11:9-20.
- Borgers, L. M. S., Merckelbach, L. M., Sampaio, I., & Cragg, A. M. (2014). Diversity, environmental requirements, and biogeography of bivalve wood-borers (Teredinidae) in European coastal waters. Front Zool, 11(13):1-13.
- Borgers, L.M. S., Sivrikaya, R. A., Shipway, J. R., Cragg, S. M., & Costa, F.O. (2012). Investigating the taxonomy and systematics of marine wood borers (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) combining evidence from morphology, DNA barcodes and nuclear locus sequences. Invertebrate Systematics, 26(6):572-582.
- Brearley, A., Chalermwat, K., & Kakhai, N. (2003). Pholadidae and Teredinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) collected from mangrove habitats on the Burrup Peninsula, Western Australia. In F. E. Wells, D. I. Walker, & D. S. Jones (Eds.), The marine flora and fauna of Dampier, Western Australia. (pp. 345-361). Perth: Western Australian Museum.
- Demas, Y. (2004). Species diversity and distribution of marine wood borers in Blungei Bay mangrove area, Lundu Kuching Sarawak. Sarawak: Univesiti Malaysia Sarawak.
- Filho, C. S., Tagliaro, C. H., & Beasly, C. R. (2008). Seasonal abundance of the shipworm Neoteredo reynei (Bivalvia, Teredinidae) in mangrove driftwood from a Northern Brazilian beach. Iheringia. Série Zoologia, 98(1):17-23.
- Gould, A. A. (1856). Descriptions of new species of shells. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 6:11-16.
- Hendy, I. W. (2012). Habitat creation for animals by teredinid bivalves in Indonesia mangrove ecosystems. Portsmouth, England: University of Portsmouth.
- Lee, S. Y., Mohamed, R., & Lamasudin, D. U. (2019). Morphology and molecular phylogenetic placement of a coastal shipworm (Bactronophorus thoracites (Gould, 1862), Teredinidae) from Peninsular Malaysia. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 29(100694):1-9.
- Loo, Z. A., Chen, C. A., Rahim, K. A. A., & Diba, F. (2019). First record of marine wood borer (Mollusca:Teredinidae) Dicyathifer mannii Wright (1866) in Sabah, Malaysia, with detailed measurement metrics. Borneo Journal of Marine Science and Aquaculture, 3(1):37-40.
- Manavi, P. N. (2013). Heavy metals in water, sediment and macrobenthos in the interdidal zone of Hormozgan Province, Iran. Marine Science, 3(2):39-47.
- MolluscaBase. (2021). Bactronophorus thoracites (Gould, 1856). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species website on May 13, 2021.
- Paalvast, P., & Velde, G.V. (2011a). Distribution, settlement, and growth of first-year individuals of the shipworm Teredo navalis L. (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) in the Port of Rotterdam area, the Netherlands. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 65(2011):379-388.
- Paalvast, P., & Velde, G. V. (2011b). New threats of an old enemy: the distribution of the shipworm Teredo navalis L. (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) related to climate change in the Port of Rotterdam area, the Netherlands. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62(8):1822-1829.
- Pati, S. K., Rao, M. V., Balaji, M., & Swain, D. (2012). Growth of wood borers in a polluted Indian Harbour. World Journal of Zoology, 7(3):210-215.
- Rajapakse, R. (2016). Pile design and construction rule of thumb (2nd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
- Roszaini, K., & Salmiah, U. (2014). Resistance of five timber species to marine borer attack. Journal of Tropical Forrest Science, 27(3):400-412.
- Santhakumaran, L. N., & Srinivasan, V. V. (1988). Marine wood-borers of Andaman-Nicobar Islands with notes on control measures and on their distribution along the east coast of India. Mahasagar, 21(1):13-21.
- Singh, H. R., & Sasekumar, A. (1994). Distribution and abundance of marine wood borers on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Hydrobiologia, 285(1):111-121.
- Sivrikaya, H. (2019). Investigations on wood destroying marine borers in the Turkish coastal waters. Wood Industry and Engineering, 1(1):33-39.
- Swain, D., Pachu, A. V., & Rao, M. V. (2017). Biodiversity of shipworms (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Teredinidae) in the vicinity of a tropical mangrove ecosystem along Bay of Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, India. Biodiversity International Journal, 1(4):146-149.
- Tan, S. K., & Woo, H. P. M. (2010). A preliminary checklist of the molluscs of Singapore. Singapore: National University of Singapore.
- Turner, R. D. (1966). A survey and illustrated catalogue of the Teredinidae (Mollusca:Bivalvia). Cambridge: Museum of Comparative Zoology. Harvard University.
- Velásquez, M., & Shipway, J. R. (2018). A new genus and species of deep-sea wood-boring shipworm (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) Nivanteredo coronata n. sp. from the Southwest Pacific. Marine Biology Research, 14(8):806-815.
- Yoosukh, W., & Jitkaew, M. (1997). Marine wood-boring bivalves (Pholadacea) in the gulf of Thailand. Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication, 17(2):401-405.
References
Appelqvist, C. Havenhand, J. N., & Toth, G. B. (2015). Distribution and abundance of teredinid recruits along the Swedish coast – are shipworms invading the Baltic Sea? Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95(4):783-790.
Beasley, C. R., Fernandes, C. M., Moluscos, L. D., & Leando, A. (2005). Molluscan Diversity and Abundance Among Coastal Habitats of Northern Brazil. Ecotropica, 11:9-20.
Borgers, L. M. S., Merckelbach, L. M., Sampaio, I., & Cragg, A. M. (2014). Diversity, environmental requirements, and biogeography of bivalve wood-borers (Teredinidae) in European coastal waters. Front Zool, 11(13):1-13.
Borgers, L.M. S., Sivrikaya, R. A., Shipway, J. R., Cragg, S. M., & Costa, F.O. (2012). Investigating the taxonomy and systematics of marine wood borers (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) combining evidence from morphology, DNA barcodes and nuclear locus sequences. Invertebrate Systematics, 26(6):572-582.
Brearley, A., Chalermwat, K., & Kakhai, N. (2003). Pholadidae and Teredinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) collected from mangrove habitats on the Burrup Peninsula, Western Australia. In F. E. Wells, D. I. Walker, & D. S. Jones (Eds.), The marine flora and fauna of Dampier, Western Australia. (pp. 345-361). Perth: Western Australian Museum.
Demas, Y. (2004). Species diversity and distribution of marine wood borers in Blungei Bay mangrove area, Lundu Kuching Sarawak. Sarawak: Univesiti Malaysia Sarawak.
Filho, C. S., Tagliaro, C. H., & Beasly, C. R. (2008). Seasonal abundance of the shipworm Neoteredo reynei (Bivalvia, Teredinidae) in mangrove driftwood from a Northern Brazilian beach. Iheringia. Série Zoologia, 98(1):17-23.
Gould, A. A. (1856). Descriptions of new species of shells. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 6:11-16.
Hendy, I. W. (2012). Habitat creation for animals by teredinid bivalves in Indonesia mangrove ecosystems. Portsmouth, England: University of Portsmouth.
Lee, S. Y., Mohamed, R., & Lamasudin, D. U. (2019). Morphology and molecular phylogenetic placement of a coastal shipworm (Bactronophorus thoracites (Gould, 1862), Teredinidae) from Peninsular Malaysia. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 29(100694):1-9.
Loo, Z. A., Chen, C. A., Rahim, K. A. A., & Diba, F. (2019). First record of marine wood borer (Mollusca:Teredinidae) Dicyathifer mannii Wright (1866) in Sabah, Malaysia, with detailed measurement metrics. Borneo Journal of Marine Science and Aquaculture, 3(1):37-40.
Manavi, P. N. (2013). Heavy metals in water, sediment and macrobenthos in the interdidal zone of Hormozgan Province, Iran. Marine Science, 3(2):39-47.
MolluscaBase. (2021). Bactronophorus thoracites (Gould, 1856). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species website on May 13, 2021.
Paalvast, P., & Velde, G.V. (2011a). Distribution, settlement, and growth of first-year individuals of the shipworm Teredo navalis L. (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) in the Port of Rotterdam area, the Netherlands. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 65(2011):379-388.
Paalvast, P., & Velde, G. V. (2011b). New threats of an old enemy: the distribution of the shipworm Teredo navalis L. (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) related to climate change in the Port of Rotterdam area, the Netherlands. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62(8):1822-1829.
Pati, S. K., Rao, M. V., Balaji, M., & Swain, D. (2012). Growth of wood borers in a polluted Indian Harbour. World Journal of Zoology, 7(3):210-215.
Rajapakse, R. (2016). Pile design and construction rule of thumb (2nd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Roszaini, K., & Salmiah, U. (2014). Resistance of five timber species to marine borer attack. Journal of Tropical Forrest Science, 27(3):400-412.
Santhakumaran, L. N., & Srinivasan, V. V. (1988). Marine wood-borers of Andaman-Nicobar Islands with notes on control measures and on their distribution along the east coast of India. Mahasagar, 21(1):13-21.
Singh, H. R., & Sasekumar, A. (1994). Distribution and abundance of marine wood borers on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Hydrobiologia, 285(1):111-121.
Sivrikaya, H. (2019). Investigations on wood destroying marine borers in the Turkish coastal waters. Wood Industry and Engineering, 1(1):33-39.
Swain, D., Pachu, A. V., & Rao, M. V. (2017). Biodiversity of shipworms (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Teredinidae) in the vicinity of a tropical mangrove ecosystem along Bay of Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, India. Biodiversity International Journal, 1(4):146-149.
Tan, S. K., & Woo, H. P. M. (2010). A preliminary checklist of the molluscs of Singapore. Singapore: National University of Singapore.
Turner, R. D. (1966). A survey and illustrated catalogue of the Teredinidae (Mollusca:Bivalvia). Cambridge: Museum of Comparative Zoology. Harvard University.
Velásquez, M., & Shipway, J. R. (2018). A new genus and species of deep-sea wood-boring shipworm (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) Nivanteredo coronata n. sp. from the Southwest Pacific. Marine Biology Research, 14(8):806-815.
Yoosukh, W., & Jitkaew, M. (1997). Marine wood-boring bivalves (Pholadacea) in the gulf of Thailand. Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication, 17(2):401-405.
Author Biography
Educational Qualifications :
- B.Sc. (Hons.)
- M.Sc. Ecology (UNIMAS)
Research Interests :
- Free-living Marine Nematodes
- Macrobenthos
- Meiobenthos
- Water Quality
- Aquaculture
- Biodiversity & Conservation
- Ecology / Conservation / Population Level / Analysis / Modelling
- Environmental Science & Ecology
- Macrofauna