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Comparative Study of Point Intercept Transect (PIT) Method and Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) to Calculate Hard Coral Cover Percentage
Corresponding Author(s) : Johan Danu Prasetya
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan,
Vol. 14 No. 2 (2022): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Highlight Research
- Point Intercept Transect Method (PIT) and Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) to monitor coral cover was compared
- Percentage of hard coral cover was analyzed
- The average difference of the percentage of hard coral cover obtained from the PIT and UPT was analyzed
Abstract
Coral reef ecosystems are vulnerable to damage and extinction. Therefore, it is imperative that, as part of conservation, their conditions are monitored using straight forward or easy-to-use methods. The research was intended to compare the effectiveness of using Point Intercept Transect (PIT) and Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) methods in calculating percent hard coral covers. It was conducted at six sites in Karimunjawa Islands, Indonesia: Cemara Besar, Cemara Kecil, Taka Malang, Tanjung Gelam, Menjangan Besar, and Menjangan Kecil. At each site, photographs of coral reefs were taken in two ranges of depths, shallow (3–6 m) and deep (9–12 m), along the length of the predefined transects (100 m for PIT and 50 m for UPT). In UPT, the photos were taken using a 58 x 44 cm frame. Fifty photo frames were collected then processed using Coral Point Count with Excel extensions (CPCe) 4.1. The results showed that PIT and UPT produced different percentages of hard coral cover at each site, with the most significant difference found in deep waters of Menjangan Besar (45.27%) and the least one in deep waters of Menjangan Kecil (0.08%). Overall, the difference in percent covers was averagely 9.79 percentage points, which is still categorized into small. Both methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. However, UPT is preferable because its results can be reanalyzed, especially the identified coral reef species.
Keywords
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- Bravo, G., Livore, J. P., & Bigatti, G. (2021). Monitoring rocky reef biodiversity by underwater geo-referenced photoquadrats. Underwater Technology, 38(1):17-24.
- Clua, E., Legendre, P., Vigliola, L., Magron, F., Kulbicki, M., Sarramegna, S., Labrosse, P., & Galzin, R. (2006). Medium scale approach (MSA) for improved assessment of coral reef fish habitat. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology Ecology, 333(2):219-230.
- Dodge, R. E., Logan, A., & Antonius, A. (1982). Quantitative reef assessment studies in Bermuda: A comparison of methods and preliminary results. Bulletin of Marine Science, 32(3):745-760.
- English, S., Wilkinson, C., & Baker, V. (1997). Survey manual for tropical marine resources (2nd ed.). Townsville: Australian Institute of Marine Science.
- Facon, M., Pinault, M., Obura, D., Pioch, S., Pothin, K., Bigot, L., Garnier, R., & Qoud, J. P. (2016). A comparative study of the accuracy and effectiveness of Line and Point Intercept Transect methods for coral reef monitoring in the southwestern Indian Ocean islands. Ecological Indicators, 60:1045-1055.
- Fadillah, W. N., Sukarno, N., Iswantini, D., Rahminiwati, M., & Listiyowati, S. (2021, December). New record of Gymnoascus udagawae associated with Clathria sp. sponge from Indonesia and the potency as anti-Candida. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 948(1):012072.
- Flower, J., Ortiz, J. C., Chollett, I., Abdullah, S., Castro-Sanguino, C., Hock, K., Lam, V., & Mumby, P. J. (2017). Interpreting coral reef monitoring data: A guide for improved management decisions. Ecological Indicators, 72:848-869.
- Hill, J., & Wilkinson, C. (2004). Methods for ecological monitoring of coral reefs. Townsville: Australian Institute of Marine Science.
- Houk, P., & Van Woesik, R. (2006). Coral reef benthic video survey facilitates long-term monitoring in the common wealth of the Northern Mariana Islands: towards an optimal sampling strategy. Pacific Science, 60:177-189.
- Lam, K., Shin, P. K. S., Bradbeer, R., Randall, D., Ku, K. K. K., Hodgson, P., & Cheung, S. G. (2005). A comparison of video and point intercept transect methods for monitoring subtropical coral communities. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 333(1):115-128.
- Leujak, W., & Ormond, R. F. G. (2007). Comparative accuracy and efficiency of six coral community survey methods. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 351(1):168-187.
- Licuanan, W. Y., Mordeno, P. Z. B., & Go, M. V. (2021) C30 ” A simple, rapid, scientifically valid, and low-cost method for citizen-scientists to monitor coral reefs. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 47:101961.
- Nakajima, R., Nakayama, A., Yoshida, T., Kushairi, M. R. M., Othman, B. H., & Toda, T. (2010). An evaluation of photo line-intercept transect (PLIT) method for coral reef monitoring. Galaxea, Journal of Coral Reef Studies, 12(1):37-44.
- Ninio, R., & Meekan, M. G. (2002). Spatial patterns in benthic communities and the dynamics of a mosaic ecosystem on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Coral Reefs, 21(1):95-103.
- Prasetya, J. D., Ambariyanto, Supriharyono, & Purwanti, F. (2018). Hierarchical synthesis of coastal ecosystem health indicators at Karimunjawa National Marine Park. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 116(1):1-7.
- Price, A. R. G., & Harris, A. (2009). Decadal changes (1996–2006) in coastal ecosystems of the Chagos Archipelago determined from rapid assessment. Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 19(6):637-644.
- Segal, B., & Castro, C. B. (2001). A proposed method for coral cover assessment: A case study in Abrolhos, Brazil. Bulletin of Marine Science, 69(2):487-496.
- Sudiono, G. (2008). Analisis pengelolaan terumbu karang pada kawasan konservasi laut daerah (KKLD) Pulau Randayan dan sekitarnya Kabupaten Bengkayang Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Thesis. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro.
- Suharsono. (2008). Jenis-jenis karang Indonesia. Jakarta: LIPI Press.
- Sukmara, A., Siahainenia, A. J., & Rotinsulu, C. (2001). Panduan pemantauan terumbu karang berbasis masyarakat dengan metode manta tow. Jakarta: Proyek Penyisir.
- Sweatman, H., Cheal, A., Coleman, G., Delean, S., Fitzpatrick, B., Miller, I., Ninio, R., Osborne, K., Page, C., & Thompson, A. (2001). Long-term monitoring of the Great Barrier Reef. Status Report Number 5. Townsville: Australian Institute of Marine Science.
- Wahib, N. K., & Luthfi, O. M. (2019). Kajian efektivitas penggunaan metode LIT, PIT, dan QT untuk monitoring tutupan substrat. Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research, 3(3):331-336.
- Wilkinson, C. (2000). Status of coral reefs of the world. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville: Australian Institute of Marine Science.
- Witman, J. D. (1992). Physical disturbance and community structure of exposed and protected reefs: a case study from St. John, US Virgin Islands. American Zoologist, 32(6):641-654.
References
Bravo, G., Livore, J. P., & Bigatti, G. (2021). Monitoring rocky reef biodiversity by underwater geo-referenced photoquadrats. Underwater Technology, 38(1):17-24.
Clua, E., Legendre, P., Vigliola, L., Magron, F., Kulbicki, M., Sarramegna, S., Labrosse, P., & Galzin, R. (2006). Medium scale approach (MSA) for improved assessment of coral reef fish habitat. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology Ecology, 333(2):219-230.
Dodge, R. E., Logan, A., & Antonius, A. (1982). Quantitative reef assessment studies in Bermuda: A comparison of methods and preliminary results. Bulletin of Marine Science, 32(3):745-760.
English, S., Wilkinson, C., & Baker, V. (1997). Survey manual for tropical marine resources (2nd ed.). Townsville: Australian Institute of Marine Science.
Facon, M., Pinault, M., Obura, D., Pioch, S., Pothin, K., Bigot, L., Garnier, R., & Qoud, J. P. (2016). A comparative study of the accuracy and effectiveness of Line and Point Intercept Transect methods for coral reef monitoring in the southwestern Indian Ocean islands. Ecological Indicators, 60:1045-1055.
Fadillah, W. N., Sukarno, N., Iswantini, D., Rahminiwati, M., & Listiyowati, S. (2021, December). New record of Gymnoascus udagawae associated with Clathria sp. sponge from Indonesia and the potency as anti-Candida. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 948(1):012072.
Flower, J., Ortiz, J. C., Chollett, I., Abdullah, S., Castro-Sanguino, C., Hock, K., Lam, V., & Mumby, P. J. (2017). Interpreting coral reef monitoring data: A guide for improved management decisions. Ecological Indicators, 72:848-869.
Hill, J., & Wilkinson, C. (2004). Methods for ecological monitoring of coral reefs. Townsville: Australian Institute of Marine Science.
Houk, P., & Van Woesik, R. (2006). Coral reef benthic video survey facilitates long-term monitoring in the common wealth of the Northern Mariana Islands: towards an optimal sampling strategy. Pacific Science, 60:177-189.
Lam, K., Shin, P. K. S., Bradbeer, R., Randall, D., Ku, K. K. K., Hodgson, P., & Cheung, S. G. (2005). A comparison of video and point intercept transect methods for monitoring subtropical coral communities. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 333(1):115-128.
Leujak, W., & Ormond, R. F. G. (2007). Comparative accuracy and efficiency of six coral community survey methods. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 351(1):168-187.
Licuanan, W. Y., Mordeno, P. Z. B., & Go, M. V. (2021) C30 ” A simple, rapid, scientifically valid, and low-cost method for citizen-scientists to monitor coral reefs. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 47:101961.
Nakajima, R., Nakayama, A., Yoshida, T., Kushairi, M. R. M., Othman, B. H., & Toda, T. (2010). An evaluation of photo line-intercept transect (PLIT) method for coral reef monitoring. Galaxea, Journal of Coral Reef Studies, 12(1):37-44.
Ninio, R., & Meekan, M. G. (2002). Spatial patterns in benthic communities and the dynamics of a mosaic ecosystem on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Coral Reefs, 21(1):95-103.
Prasetya, J. D., Ambariyanto, Supriharyono, & Purwanti, F. (2018). Hierarchical synthesis of coastal ecosystem health indicators at Karimunjawa National Marine Park. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 116(1):1-7.
Price, A. R. G., & Harris, A. (2009). Decadal changes (1996–2006) in coastal ecosystems of the Chagos Archipelago determined from rapid assessment. Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 19(6):637-644.
Segal, B., & Castro, C. B. (2001). A proposed method for coral cover assessment: A case study in Abrolhos, Brazil. Bulletin of Marine Science, 69(2):487-496.
Sudiono, G. (2008). Analisis pengelolaan terumbu karang pada kawasan konservasi laut daerah (KKLD) Pulau Randayan dan sekitarnya Kabupaten Bengkayang Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Thesis. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro.
Suharsono. (2008). Jenis-jenis karang Indonesia. Jakarta: LIPI Press.
Sukmara, A., Siahainenia, A. J., & Rotinsulu, C. (2001). Panduan pemantauan terumbu karang berbasis masyarakat dengan metode manta tow. Jakarta: Proyek Penyisir.
Sweatman, H., Cheal, A., Coleman, G., Delean, S., Fitzpatrick, B., Miller, I., Ninio, R., Osborne, K., Page, C., & Thompson, A. (2001). Long-term monitoring of the Great Barrier Reef. Status Report Number 5. Townsville: Australian Institute of Marine Science.
Wahib, N. K., & Luthfi, O. M. (2019). Kajian efektivitas penggunaan metode LIT, PIT, dan QT untuk monitoring tutupan substrat. Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research, 3(3):331-336.
Wilkinson, C. (2000). Status of coral reefs of the world. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville: Australian Institute of Marine Science.
Witman, J. D. (1992). Physical disturbance and community structure of exposed and protected reefs: a case study from St. John, US Virgin Islands. American Zoologist, 32(6):641-654.