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Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Chitosan from Vannamei Shrimp Shell (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Corresponding Author(s) : Dian Wijaya Kurniawidi
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan,
Vol. 14 No. 2 (2022): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Highlight Research
- New method to synthesis nano chitosan from Vannamei shrimp with high Deacetylation Degree
- Nano chitosan from Vannamei shrimp can adsorb heavy metal Fe up to 81.35%
- Shrimp shells as an alternative adsorbents for Fe
Abstract
Shrimp cultivation produces shrimp wastes in several forms, including shells from the molting process. Shrimp shell waste can be used as a source of nano chitosan. Many researches have used nano chitosan for various applications, one of which is to adsorb heavy metal pollution. This present study aimed to extract chitosan from shrimp shells and investigate the ability of nano chitosan to adsorb Fe metal. The research began by isolating chitin and chitosan from shrimp shells through deproteinization, demineralization, and deacetylation. The obtained chitosan was afterward characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Furthermore, the glassy ionic method was used to synthesize nano chitosan. Nano chitosan was characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the Fe metal adsorption ability was measured using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The FTIR results showed that the synthesized shrimp shells had successfully formed chitin compounds with the appearance of the C-O-C functional group, while the chitosan compounds with the appearance of O-H and N-H groups. The SEM characterization showed that nano chitosan with a size of 173.71 nm was successfully formed with identical morphology in the form of a flat (spherical), elongated, and irregular position. The nano chitosan was able to absorb Fe solution up to 81.35%. Therefore, nano chitosan from the shrimp shells is suitable as an adsorbent of heavy metal Fe.
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- Afriani, Y., Fadli, A., & Drastinawati, D. (2017). Kinetika reaksi demineralisasi pada isolasi kitin dari limbah ebi. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains, 4(2):1-5.
- Ahmad, M., Ahmed, S., Swami, B. L., & Ikram, S. (2015). Adsorption of heavy metal ions: role of chitosan and cellulose for water treatment. International Journal of Pharmacognosy, 2(6):280-289.
- Ali, M. E. A., Aboelfadl, M. M. S., Selim, A. M., Khalil, H. F., & Elkady, G. M. (2018). Chitosan nanoparticles extracted from shrimp shells, application for removal of Fe (II) and Mn (II) from aqueous phases. Separation Science and Technology, 53(9):2870-2881.
- Antonino, R. S. C. M. d. Q., Fook, B. R. P. L., Lima, V. A. d. O., Rached, R. I. d. F., Lima, E. P. N., Lima, R. J. d. S., Covas, C. A. P., & Fook, M. V. L. (2017). Preparation and characterization of chitosan obtained from shells of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone). Marine Drugs, 15(5):141.
- BSN. (2013). Kitosan-syarat mutu dan pengolahan (Patent No. SNI 7949).
- Cherdchoo, W., Nithettham, S., & Charoenpanich, J. (2019). Removal of Cr (VI) from synthetic wastewater by adsorption onto coffee ground and mixed waste tea. Chemosphere, 221:758-767.
- Dai, J., Ren, F., & Tao, C. (2012). Adsorption behavior of Fe (II) and Fe (III) ions on thiourea cross-linked chitosan with Fe (III) as template. Molecules, 17(4):4388-4399.
- Hadi, A. G. (2016). Removal of Fe (II) and Zn (II) ions from aqueous solutions by synthesized chitosan. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 9:343-349.
- Hossain, S., & Uddin, M. K. (2020). Isolation and extraction of chitosan from shrimp shells. International Journal of Advanced Research, 8(Sep):657-664.
- Hussain, M. S., Musharraf, S. G., Bhanger, M. I., & Malik, M. I. (2020). Salicylaldehyde derivative of nano-chitosan as an efficient adsorbent for lead (II), copper (II), and cadmium (II) ions. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 147:643-652.
- Jiménez-Gómez, C. P., & Cecilia, J. A. (2020). Chitosan: A natural biopolymer with a wide and varied range of applications. Molecules, 25(17):3981.
- Nadia, L. M. H. (2014). Production and characterization chitosan nano from black tiger shrimp with ionic gelation methods. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 17(2):119-126.
- Putri, A. I., Sundaryono, A., & Chandra, I. N. (2018). Karakterisasi nanopartikel kitosan ekstrak daun ubijalar (ipomoea batatas l.) menggunakan metode gelasi ionik. Alotrop, 2(2):203-207.
- Qonitannisa, S., Fadli, A., & Sunarno, S. (2020). Sintesis nanokitosan dengan metode gelasi ionik menggunakan pelarut asam asetat dengan variasi konsentrasi kitosan. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains, 7(2):1-4.
- Radnia, H., Ghoreyshi, A. A., Younesi, H., & Najafpour, G. D. (2012). Adsorption of Fe (II) ions from aqueous phase by chitosan adsorbent: equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies. Desalination and Water Treatment, 50(1-3):348-359.
- Seyedmohammadi, J., Motavassel, M., Maddahi, M. H., & Nikmanesh, S. (2016). Application of nanochitosan and chitosan particles for adsorption of Zn (II) ions pollutant from aqueous solution to protect environment. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 2(165):1-12.
- Sivakami, M. S., Gomathi, T., Venkatesan, J., Jeong, H. S., Kim, S. K., & Sudha, P. N. (2013). Preparation and characterization of nanochitosan for treatment wastewaters. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 57:204-212.
- Stuart, B. H. (2004). Infrared spectroscopy: fundamentals and applications. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Sulistyani, S., Hasanah, H., & Wijayanti, T. (2017). Synthesis and optimization of chitosan nanoparticles of shrimp shell as adsorbent of Pb2+ Ions. Jurnal Sains Dasar, 6(2):143-150.
- Suptijah, P., Jacoeb, A. M., & Rachmania, D. (2011). Karakterisasi nano kitosan cangkang udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) dengan metode gelasi ionik. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, XIV(2):78-84.
- Trung, T. S., Tram, L. H., Tan, N. V., Hoa, N. V., Minh, N. C., Loc, P. T., & Stevens, W. F. (2020). Improved method for production of chitin and chitosan from shrimp shells. Carbohydrate Research, 489:107913.
- Wahyuni, S., Selvina, R., Fauziyah, R., Prakoso, H. T., Priyono, P., & Siswanto, S. (2020). Optimasi suhu dan waktu deasetilasi kitin berbasis selongsong maggot (Hermetia ilucens) menjadi kitosan. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 25(3):375-383.
- Yudhasasmita, S., & Nugroho, A. P. (2017). Sintesis dan aplikasi nanopartikel kitosan sebagai adsorben Cd dan antibakteri koliform. Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 5(1):42-48.
References
Afriani, Y., Fadli, A., & Drastinawati, D. (2017). Kinetika reaksi demineralisasi pada isolasi kitin dari limbah ebi. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains, 4(2):1-5.
Ahmad, M., Ahmed, S., Swami, B. L., & Ikram, S. (2015). Adsorption of heavy metal ions: role of chitosan and cellulose for water treatment. International Journal of Pharmacognosy, 2(6):280-289.
Ali, M. E. A., Aboelfadl, M. M. S., Selim, A. M., Khalil, H. F., & Elkady, G. M. (2018). Chitosan nanoparticles extracted from shrimp shells, application for removal of Fe (II) and Mn (II) from aqueous phases. Separation Science and Technology, 53(9):2870-2881.
Antonino, R. S. C. M. d. Q., Fook, B. R. P. L., Lima, V. A. d. O., Rached, R. I. d. F., Lima, E. P. N., Lima, R. J. d. S., Covas, C. A. P., & Fook, M. V. L. (2017). Preparation and characterization of chitosan obtained from shells of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone). Marine Drugs, 15(5):141.
BSN. (2013). Kitosan-syarat mutu dan pengolahan (Patent No. SNI 7949).
Cherdchoo, W., Nithettham, S., & Charoenpanich, J. (2019). Removal of Cr (VI) from synthetic wastewater by adsorption onto coffee ground and mixed waste tea. Chemosphere, 221:758-767.
Dai, J., Ren, F., & Tao, C. (2012). Adsorption behavior of Fe (II) and Fe (III) ions on thiourea cross-linked chitosan with Fe (III) as template. Molecules, 17(4):4388-4399.
Hadi, A. G. (2016). Removal of Fe (II) and Zn (II) ions from aqueous solutions by synthesized chitosan. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 9:343-349.
Hossain, S., & Uddin, M. K. (2020). Isolation and extraction of chitosan from shrimp shells. International Journal of Advanced Research, 8(Sep):657-664.
Hussain, M. S., Musharraf, S. G., Bhanger, M. I., & Malik, M. I. (2020). Salicylaldehyde derivative of nano-chitosan as an efficient adsorbent for lead (II), copper (II), and cadmium (II) ions. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 147:643-652.
Jiménez-Gómez, C. P., & Cecilia, J. A. (2020). Chitosan: A natural biopolymer with a wide and varied range of applications. Molecules, 25(17):3981.
Nadia, L. M. H. (2014). Production and characterization chitosan nano from black tiger shrimp with ionic gelation methods. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 17(2):119-126.
Putri, A. I., Sundaryono, A., & Chandra, I. N. (2018). Karakterisasi nanopartikel kitosan ekstrak daun ubijalar (ipomoea batatas l.) menggunakan metode gelasi ionik. Alotrop, 2(2):203-207.
Qonitannisa, S., Fadli, A., & Sunarno, S. (2020). Sintesis nanokitosan dengan metode gelasi ionik menggunakan pelarut asam asetat dengan variasi konsentrasi kitosan. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains, 7(2):1-4.
Radnia, H., Ghoreyshi, A. A., Younesi, H., & Najafpour, G. D. (2012). Adsorption of Fe (II) ions from aqueous phase by chitosan adsorbent: equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies. Desalination and Water Treatment, 50(1-3):348-359.
Seyedmohammadi, J., Motavassel, M., Maddahi, M. H., & Nikmanesh, S. (2016). Application of nanochitosan and chitosan particles for adsorption of Zn (II) ions pollutant from aqueous solution to protect environment. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 2(165):1-12.
Sivakami, M. S., Gomathi, T., Venkatesan, J., Jeong, H. S., Kim, S. K., & Sudha, P. N. (2013). Preparation and characterization of nanochitosan for treatment wastewaters. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 57:204-212.
Stuart, B. H. (2004). Infrared spectroscopy: fundamentals and applications. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sulistyani, S., Hasanah, H., & Wijayanti, T. (2017). Synthesis and optimization of chitosan nanoparticles of shrimp shell as adsorbent of Pb2+ Ions. Jurnal Sains Dasar, 6(2):143-150.
Suptijah, P., Jacoeb, A. M., & Rachmania, D. (2011). Karakterisasi nano kitosan cangkang udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) dengan metode gelasi ionik. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, XIV(2):78-84.
Trung, T. S., Tram, L. H., Tan, N. V., Hoa, N. V., Minh, N. C., Loc, P. T., & Stevens, W. F. (2020). Improved method for production of chitin and chitosan from shrimp shells. Carbohydrate Research, 489:107913.
Wahyuni, S., Selvina, R., Fauziyah, R., Prakoso, H. T., Priyono, P., & Siswanto, S. (2020). Optimasi suhu dan waktu deasetilasi kitin berbasis selongsong maggot (Hermetia ilucens) menjadi kitosan. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 25(3):375-383.
Yudhasasmita, S., & Nugroho, A. P. (2017). Sintesis dan aplikasi nanopartikel kitosan sebagai adsorben Cd dan antibakteri koliform. Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 5(1):42-48.