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Comparison of Accounting Profit Between Offshore and Deep-sea Commercial Fishing Industry in Pahang State, East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia
Corresponding Author(s) : Moe Shwe Sin
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Highlight Research
- Economic performance of commercial fishing industry in Pahang State, East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia.
- Comparison of accounting profit between the two prominent fishing gear types: trawlers and purse seine in Pahang State
- Comparison of accounting profit between the different zones of fishing operations by the trawlers and purse seine
- Research findings showed that trawlers give more profit than purse seine vessels in Pahang State and overcapacity and over exploitation is distinctly found in Pahang State commercial fishing industry.
- This study suggested that other analysis such as biological performance by this study area should be done in future coupled with the analysis of impact of management policies on the sustainability of the fishery.
Abstract
Marine capture fisheries in Malaysia plays prominent role in economic growth and commercial fisheries makes great contribution to country's economy. The commercial fishing industry in East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia are mainly operated by trawlers and purse seines which rises a major concern in managing and achieving the goal of sustainable fishery. This study aimed to account the differences of accounting profit level in commercial fishing industry in Pahang State, East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. In this study, comparison of accounting profits using revenue and profit approach among trawl and purse seine fishery in two different zones: Zone C (offshore) and Zone C2 (deep sea) was carried out based on the intensive survey on fishing capacity and other economic factors. The survey was carried out with the commercial fishermen and total respondents of 156 fishers at landing port. The result showed that trawlers incurred low cost yet provided higher profit than doses by purse seine. Moreover, there are more trawlers vessels operating in the Pahang state fishing ground and the open access nature of the fishery like larger profit invites more effort to use in the fishery which is leading to the over exploitation of fishery resources and threatening the sustainable condition of the fishery. The findings of the research inform the possible impact of fishing profit to overcapacity in sustainable fishery management in Pahang State fishery.
Keywords
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- Ahmad, A. T., Salim, K., Ean, C. P., Maung, B., & Pinang, P. (2003). An overview of the socioeconomic status of ï¬sheries in Malaysia. Jakarta: WorldFish Center and Asian Development Bank.
- Ali, J., Abdullah, H., Saifoul, M., Noor, Z., Kuperan Viswanathan, K., & Islam, G. N. (2017). The contribution of subsidies on the welfare of fishing communities in Malaysia. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 7(2):641-648.
- Béné, C., Barange, M., Subasinghe, R., Pinstrup-Andersen, P., Merino, G., Hemre, G. I., & Williams, M. (2015). Feeding 9 billion by 2050 - Putting fish back on the menu. Food Security, 7(2):261-274.
- Benhardouze, W., Aksissou, M., & Tiwari, M. (2012). Incidental captures of sea turtles in the driftnet and longline fisheries in Northwestern Morocco. Fisheries Research, 127–128:125–132.
- Bordalo-Machado, P. (2006). Fishing effort analysis and its potential to evaluate stock size. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 14(4):369-393.
- Castro, J. J., Divovich, E., Acevedo, A. D. de M., Barrera-Luján, A., & Riera, R. (2019). Reconstruction of marine small-scale fisheries captures in the Canary Islands (NE Atlantic Ocean) from 1950 to 2010. Scientia Marina, 83(1):7–17.
- Chan, E. H., & Liew, H. C. (1986). Characteristics of an exploited tropical shallow-water demersal fish community in Malaysia. Paper presented at the First Asian Fisheries Forum, Manila, Philippines.
- Das, S. K., Wee Xiang, T., Md Noor, N., De, M., & Samat, A. (2021). Length-weight relationship, condition factor, and age estimation of commercially important trawl species from Mersing coastal waters, Johor, Malaysia. Sains Malaysiana, 50(1):1-7.
- Davis, B., Colbourne, B., & Molyneux, D. (2019). Analysis of fishing vessel capsizing causes and links to operator stability training. Safety Science, 118:355-363.
- Department of Fisheries Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security. (2020). Fisheries statistics I. Retrieved from dof.gov.my in 2022.
- Gulland, J. A. (1956). On the selection of hake and whiting by the mesh of trawls. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 21(3):296-309.
- Haas, B., Fleming, A., Haward, M., & McGee, J. (2019). Big fishing: The role of the large-scale commercial fishing industry in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 14. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 29(1):161-175.
- Harlyan, L. I., Nabilah, S. A., Setyohadi, D., Rahman, M. A., & Pattarapongpan, S. (2022). Harvest control rules of multispecies scads (Decapterus spp.) fishery in Blitar Waters, East Java. Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 14(1):38–47.
- Jagerroos, S. (2016). Assessment of living resources in the Straits of Malacca, Malaysia: Case study. Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology, 4(1):00070.
- Kirkley, J. E. (1997). Virginia's commercial fishing industry: Its economic performance and contributions. Special Report in Applied Marine Science, 337:1-79.
- Kirkley, J. E., Squires, D., Alam, M. F., & Ishak, H. O. (2003a). Excess capacity and a symmetric information in developing country fisheries: The Malaysian purse seine fishery. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 85(3):647-662.
- Kirkley, J. E., Squires, D., Mohammad Ferdous, A., & Ishak, H. O. (2003b). Capacity and offshore fisheries development: The Malaysian purse seine fishery. Rome: FAO.
- Laloí«, F. (1995). Should surplus production models be fishery description tools rather than biological models? Aquatic Living Resources, 8(1):1-16.
- Li, Y., Sun, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, Y., Xu, B., Ren, Y., & Chen, Y. (2020). Evaluating fisheries conservation strategies in the socio-ecological system: A grid-based dynamic model to link spatial conservation prioritization tools with tactical fisheries management. PLoS ONE, 15(4):1-20.
- Lucas, D. L., & Case, S. L. (2018). Work-related mortality in the US fishing industry during 2000-2014: New findings based on improved workforce exposure estimates. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 61(1):21-31.
- McClanahan, T., Allison, E. H., & Cinner, J. E. (2015). Managing fisheries for human and food security. Fish and Fisheries, 16(1):78-103.
- Mileski, J. P., Galvao, C. B., & Forester, Z. D. (2019). Human trafficking in the commercial fishing industry: A multiple case study analysis. Marine Policy, 116:103616.
- Monteiro, P. V. (2017). The purse seine fishing of Sardine in Portuguese waters: A difficult compromise between fish stock sustainability and fishing effort. Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture, 25(3):218–229.
- Nursyazwin, M., & Zein, A. (2019). Socio-economic profile and monthly income of fishermen in Marang, Terengganu. Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Journal of Undergraduate Research, 1(1):49-57.
- Nuruddin, A. A., & Isa, S. M. (2013). Trawl fisheries in Malaysia - issues, challenges and mitigating measures. Rome: FAO.
- Pedroza-Gutiérrez, C. (2019). Seafood supply chain structure of the fishing industry of Yucatan, Mexico. In S. Salas, M. J. Barragán-Paladines, R. Chuenpagdee (Ed.), Viability and sustainability of small-scale fisheries in Latin America and the Caribbean. (pp. 353-378) Berlin: Springer.
- Perissi, I., Bardi, U., El Asmar, T., & Lavacchi, A. (2017). Dynamic patterns of overexploitation in fisheries. Ecological Modelling, 359:285-292.
- Razak, A. A., Ransangan, J., Sade, A., Kinabalu, K., Pertanian, W., & Tasek, J. (2014). First report of Megalocytivirus (Iridoviridae) in grouper culture in Sabah, Malaysia. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 3(3):896-909.
- Shuib, A., & Ali, A. (2022). Factors influencing the effectiveness of supply chain traceability system implementation for shark and ray products In Pahang Malaysia: Insights from key informant interviews. International Journal of Business and Society, 23(1):297-325.
- Sin, M. S., & Yew, T. S. (2016). Assessing the exploitation status of marine fisheries resources for the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia trawl fishery. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences, 8(2):98-107.
- Sin, M. S., Yew, T. S., & Noh, K. M. (2019). Effort dynamics and alternative management policies: The case of the west coast zone B trawl fishery in peninsular Malaysia. Marine Resource Economics, 34(1):77-103.
- Taylor, C. R. (2010). Fishing with a bulldozer: Options for unilateral action by the United States under domestic and international law to halt destructive bottom trawling practices on the high seas. Environs: Environmental Law and Policy Journal, 34(1):121-171.
- Viswanathan, K. K., Omar, I. H., Jeon, Y., Kirkley, J., Squires, D., & Susilowati, I. (2001). Fishing skill in developing country fisheries: The Kedah, Malaysia trawl fishery. Marine Resource Economics, 16(4):293-314.
- Wong, H. S., & Yong, C. C. (2020). Fisheries regulation: A review of the literature on input controls, the ecosystem, and enforcement in the Straits of Malacca of Malaysia. Fisheries Research, 230:105682.
- Watling, L. (2005). The global destruction of bottom habitats by mobile fishing gear. Marine Conservation Biology, 198-210.
- Watson, B., Reimer, M. N., Guettabi, M., & Haynie, A. (2021). Commercial fisheries & local economies. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 106:102419.
- Yaakob, O., & Chau, Q. P. (2005). Weather downtime and its effect on fishing operation weather downtime and its effect on fishing operation in Peninsular Malaysia. Jurnal Teknologi, 42:13-26.
- Yew, T. S., & Heaps, T. (1996). Effort dynamics and alternative management policies for the small pelagic fisheries of northwest Peninsular Malaysia. Marine Resource Economics, 11(2):85-103.
- Yusof, R., Shuib, A., Ali, A., Ismail, I., & Ramachandran, S. (2022). Barrier to participating in the collection of traceable catch landing data for sharks and rays: focus group discussion (FGD) of small-scale fishermen in Pahang, Malaysia. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 17(2):255-269.
References
Ahmad, A. T., Salim, K., Ean, C. P., Maung, B., & Pinang, P. (2003). An overview of the socioeconomic status of ï¬sheries in Malaysia. Jakarta: WorldFish Center and Asian Development Bank.
Ali, J., Abdullah, H., Saifoul, M., Noor, Z., Kuperan Viswanathan, K., & Islam, G. N. (2017). The contribution of subsidies on the welfare of fishing communities in Malaysia. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 7(2):641-648.
Béné, C., Barange, M., Subasinghe, R., Pinstrup-Andersen, P., Merino, G., Hemre, G. I., & Williams, M. (2015). Feeding 9 billion by 2050 - Putting fish back on the menu. Food Security, 7(2):261-274.
Benhardouze, W., Aksissou, M., & Tiwari, M. (2012). Incidental captures of sea turtles in the driftnet and longline fisheries in Northwestern Morocco. Fisheries Research, 127–128:125–132.
Bordalo-Machado, P. (2006). Fishing effort analysis and its potential to evaluate stock size. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 14(4):369-393.
Castro, J. J., Divovich, E., Acevedo, A. D. de M., Barrera-Luján, A., & Riera, R. (2019). Reconstruction of marine small-scale fisheries captures in the Canary Islands (NE Atlantic Ocean) from 1950 to 2010. Scientia Marina, 83(1):7–17.
Chan, E. H., & Liew, H. C. (1986). Characteristics of an exploited tropical shallow-water demersal fish community in Malaysia. Paper presented at the First Asian Fisheries Forum, Manila, Philippines.
Das, S. K., Wee Xiang, T., Md Noor, N., De, M., & Samat, A. (2021). Length-weight relationship, condition factor, and age estimation of commercially important trawl species from Mersing coastal waters, Johor, Malaysia. Sains Malaysiana, 50(1):1-7.
Davis, B., Colbourne, B., & Molyneux, D. (2019). Analysis of fishing vessel capsizing causes and links to operator stability training. Safety Science, 118:355-363.
Department of Fisheries Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security. (2020). Fisheries statistics I. Retrieved from dof.gov.my in 2022.
Gulland, J. A. (1956). On the selection of hake and whiting by the mesh of trawls. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 21(3):296-309.
Haas, B., Fleming, A., Haward, M., & McGee, J. (2019). Big fishing: The role of the large-scale commercial fishing industry in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 14. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 29(1):161-175.
Harlyan, L. I., Nabilah, S. A., Setyohadi, D., Rahman, M. A., & Pattarapongpan, S. (2022). Harvest control rules of multispecies scads (Decapterus spp.) fishery in Blitar Waters, East Java. Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 14(1):38–47.
Jagerroos, S. (2016). Assessment of living resources in the Straits of Malacca, Malaysia: Case study. Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology, 4(1):00070.
Kirkley, J. E. (1997). Virginia's commercial fishing industry: Its economic performance and contributions. Special Report in Applied Marine Science, 337:1-79.
Kirkley, J. E., Squires, D., Alam, M. F., & Ishak, H. O. (2003a). Excess capacity and a symmetric information in developing country fisheries: The Malaysian purse seine fishery. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 85(3):647-662.
Kirkley, J. E., Squires, D., Mohammad Ferdous, A., & Ishak, H. O. (2003b). Capacity and offshore fisheries development: The Malaysian purse seine fishery. Rome: FAO.
Laloí«, F. (1995). Should surplus production models be fishery description tools rather than biological models? Aquatic Living Resources, 8(1):1-16.
Li, Y., Sun, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, Y., Xu, B., Ren, Y., & Chen, Y. (2020). Evaluating fisheries conservation strategies in the socio-ecological system: A grid-based dynamic model to link spatial conservation prioritization tools with tactical fisheries management. PLoS ONE, 15(4):1-20.
Lucas, D. L., & Case, S. L. (2018). Work-related mortality in the US fishing industry during 2000-2014: New findings based on improved workforce exposure estimates. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 61(1):21-31.
McClanahan, T., Allison, E. H., & Cinner, J. E. (2015). Managing fisheries for human and food security. Fish and Fisheries, 16(1):78-103.
Mileski, J. P., Galvao, C. B., & Forester, Z. D. (2019). Human trafficking in the commercial fishing industry: A multiple case study analysis. Marine Policy, 116:103616.
Monteiro, P. V. (2017). The purse seine fishing of Sardine in Portuguese waters: A difficult compromise between fish stock sustainability and fishing effort. Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture, 25(3):218–229.
Nursyazwin, M., & Zein, A. (2019). Socio-economic profile and monthly income of fishermen in Marang, Terengganu. Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Journal of Undergraduate Research, 1(1):49-57.
Nuruddin, A. A., & Isa, S. M. (2013). Trawl fisheries in Malaysia - issues, challenges and mitigating measures. Rome: FAO.
Pedroza-Gutiérrez, C. (2019). Seafood supply chain structure of the fishing industry of Yucatan, Mexico. In S. Salas, M. J. Barragán-Paladines, R. Chuenpagdee (Ed.), Viability and sustainability of small-scale fisheries in Latin America and the Caribbean. (pp. 353-378) Berlin: Springer.
Perissi, I., Bardi, U., El Asmar, T., & Lavacchi, A. (2017). Dynamic patterns of overexploitation in fisheries. Ecological Modelling, 359:285-292.
Razak, A. A., Ransangan, J., Sade, A., Kinabalu, K., Pertanian, W., & Tasek, J. (2014). First report of Megalocytivirus (Iridoviridae) in grouper culture in Sabah, Malaysia. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 3(3):896-909.
Shuib, A., & Ali, A. (2022). Factors influencing the effectiveness of supply chain traceability system implementation for shark and ray products In Pahang Malaysia: Insights from key informant interviews. International Journal of Business and Society, 23(1):297-325.
Sin, M. S., & Yew, T. S. (2016). Assessing the exploitation status of marine fisheries resources for the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia trawl fishery. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences, 8(2):98-107.
Sin, M. S., Yew, T. S., & Noh, K. M. (2019). Effort dynamics and alternative management policies: The case of the west coast zone B trawl fishery in peninsular Malaysia. Marine Resource Economics, 34(1):77-103.
Taylor, C. R. (2010). Fishing with a bulldozer: Options for unilateral action by the United States under domestic and international law to halt destructive bottom trawling practices on the high seas. Environs: Environmental Law and Policy Journal, 34(1):121-171.
Viswanathan, K. K., Omar, I. H., Jeon, Y., Kirkley, J., Squires, D., & Susilowati, I. (2001). Fishing skill in developing country fisheries: The Kedah, Malaysia trawl fishery. Marine Resource Economics, 16(4):293-314.
Wong, H. S., & Yong, C. C. (2020). Fisheries regulation: A review of the literature on input controls, the ecosystem, and enforcement in the Straits of Malacca of Malaysia. Fisheries Research, 230:105682.
Watling, L. (2005). The global destruction of bottom habitats by mobile fishing gear. Marine Conservation Biology, 198-210.
Watson, B., Reimer, M. N., Guettabi, M., & Haynie, A. (2021). Commercial fisheries & local economies. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 106:102419.
Yaakob, O., & Chau, Q. P. (2005). Weather downtime and its effect on fishing operation weather downtime and its effect on fishing operation in Peninsular Malaysia. Jurnal Teknologi, 42:13-26.
Yew, T. S., & Heaps, T. (1996). Effort dynamics and alternative management policies for the small pelagic fisheries of northwest Peninsular Malaysia. Marine Resource Economics, 11(2):85-103.
Yusof, R., Shuib, A., Ali, A., Ismail, I., & Ramachandran, S. (2022). Barrier to participating in the collection of traceable catch landing data for sharks and rays: focus group discussion (FGD) of small-scale fishermen in Pahang, Malaysia. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 17(2):255-269.