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Saltwater Fish Powder for Amelogenesis in Zebrafish Larvae (Danio rerio)
Corresponding Author(s) : Sandy Christiono
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan,
2024: IN PRESS ISSUE (JUST ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT, 2024)
Abstract
Graphical Abstract
Highlight Research
1. The saltwater fish powder is rich in omega3, vitamin D, and calcium which helps tooth amelogenesis.
2. LC50 Toxicity Test was carried out using zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio) with negative control, positive control using 3,4-dichloroanilin, and treatment groups with saltwater fish powder solution in 6 different concentration.
3. No signs of zebrafish embryo mortality or developmental abnormalities on treatment group from the lowest (125μg/ml) nor highest concentration (4000μg/ml).
4. Saltwater fish powder has proven lack of toxicity.
Abstract
Many nutrients found in saltwater fish are thought to promote amelogenesis in ameloblast cells during tooth development. Although its toxicity is uncertain, saltwater fish powder provided benefits for amelogenesis. Zebrafish embryos have complex metabolic pathways and comprehensive physiological reactions. The LC50 toxicity of saltwater fish powder on zebrafish embryos was investigated in this study. The aim of the of the study is to determine the effect of LC50 toxicity on saltwater fish powder on zebrafish embryos. The experimental research method was a post-test-only control group design, consisting of eight groups, namely the negative control and the internal group using embryo media, the positive control using 3,4-dichloroanillin, and the treatment group 125μg / ml, 250μg / ml, 500μg / ml, 1000μg / ml, 2000μg / ml, and 4000μg / ml using 384 zebrafish embryos. Saltwater fish powder is diluted and observed for 96 hours, controlled every 24 hours. It was found that saltwater fish powder was not toxic because there were no dead zebrafish embryos from various concentrations, negative control, and internal control.
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- Asemi, Z., Soleimani, A., Shakeri, H., Mazroii, N., & Esmaillzadeh, A. (2016). Effects of omega-3 fatty acid plus alpha-tocopherol supplementation on malnutrition-inflammation score, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in chronic hemodialysis patients. International Urology and Nephrology, 48(11):1887-1895.
- Christiono, S., Ardiani, F. P., Anggarani, W., & Eljabbar, F. D. (2021). The effect of saltwater fish nanoparticle powder consumption on tooth enamel density - in vivo study of mice (Mus musculus). Dentino : Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi, 6(1):1-5.
- Christiono, S., Pradopo, S., & Sudiana, I. K. (2022). The effect of saltwater fish consumption by mother mice (Mus musculus) on the Expression of FABPs and Type 1 collagen regarding increase in enamel density. Journal of International Dental and Medical Research, 15(4):1535-1540.
- Christiono, S., Pradopo, S., Sudiana, I. K., Hutami, I. R., Mayangsari, R. S., Rochmah, Y. S., & Ibrahim, Z. (2023). Amelogenin and alkaline phosphatase expression in ameloblast after saltwater fish consumption in pregnant mice (Mus musculus). Dental Journal, 56(3):166-171.
- Christiono, S., Pradopo, S., Sudiana, I. K., Mayangsari, R. S., & Indrawati, S. V. (2023). The effect of sea fish powder on development and growth of fetal teeth mice. Insisiva Dental Journal: Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Insisiva, 12(2):70-77.
- Collignon, A. M., Vergnes, J. N., Germa, A., Azogui, S., Breinig, S., Hollande, C., Bonnet, A. L., & Nabet, C. (2022). Factors and mechanisms involved in acquired developmental defects of enamel: A scoping review. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 10:836708.
- Graterol Torres, F., Molina, M., Soler-Majoral, J., Romero-González, G., Rodríguez Chitiva, N., Troya-Saborido, M., Socias Rullan, G., Burgos, E., Paúl Martínez, J., Urrutia Jou, M., Cañameras, C., Riera Sadurní, J., Vila, A., & Bover, J. (2022). Evolving concepts on inflammatory biomarkers and malnutrition in chronic kidney disease. Nutrients, 14(20):1-10.
- Ho, T., Chin, E., Lo, M., & Lu, H. (2023). The relationship between dental caries, bone mineral density, and bone metabolism among adolescents. Research Square, 1-14.
- Krewski, D., Andersen, M. E., Tyshenko, M. G., Krishnan, K., Hartung, T., Boekelheide, K., Wambaugh, J. F., Jones, D., Whelan, M., Thomas, R., Yauk, C., Barton-Maclaren, T., & Cote, I. (2020). Toxicity testing in the 21st century: progress in the past decade and future perspectives. In Archives of Toxicology 94(2):1-58. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
- Mubaraki, S. A. (2019). Hypoplasia resulting from nutritional deficiency: A case report. International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 12(6):573-576.
- Obtel, N., Cabec, A. Le, Nguyen, T. N., Giabbicani, E., & Malderen, S. J. M. Van. (2022). Impact of claudin-10 deficiency on amelogenesis: Lesson from a HELIX tooth. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1516:197-211.
- OECD. (2019). Test Guideline No. 203: Fish, acute toxicity test. OECD.
- Pais, T. D. S., Luchiari, A. C., de Souza, A. M., Medeiros, I., Silva, M. G. F. R., Dos Santos, Y. L., Silva-Maia, J. K., Passos, T. S., & Morais, A. H. de A. (2023). Assessment of acute toxicity of crude extract rich in carotenoids from Cantaloupe melon (Cucumis melo L.) and the gelatin-based nanoparticles using the zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. Food and Chemical Toxicology : An International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 181:114091.
- Rasyid, M. I., Yuliani, H., & Angraeni, L. (2020). Toxicity test LC50 of pineung nyen teusalee seeds (Areca catechu) extract by brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) methode. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 515(1):12052.
- Santací , M., Devigili, A., & Gasparini, C. (2022). Timing matters: Female receptivity and mate choice in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 76(149):1-15.
- Santos, D., Félix, L., Luzio, A., Parra, S., Cabecinha, E., Bellas, J., & Monteiro, S. M. (2020). Toxicological effects induced on early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) after an acute exposure to microplastics alone or co-exposed with copper. Chemosphere, 261:127748.
- Sellathory, C., Perumal, K. V., Thiagarajan, S., Abidin, A. Z., Balan, S. S., & Bahari, H. (2019). Toxicity evaluation of instant coffee via zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo acute toxicity test. Current Topics in Toxicology, 15(2):49-55.
- Setiawan, A. S., Indriyanti, R., Suryanti, N., Rahayuwati, L., & Juniarti, N. (2022). Neonatal stunting and early childhood caries: A mini-review. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 10(2)1-9.
- Sitosari, H., Jonarta, A. L., Sumiwi, Y. A. A., & Haniastuti, T. (2019). Rapid enamel deposition on sprague dawley after nano calcium supplementation during pregnancy. Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia, 4(3):120-126.
- Su, T., Lian, D., Bai, Y., Wang, Y. Y. L., Zhang, D., Wang, Z., & You, J. (2021). The feasibility of the zebrafish embryo as a promising alternative for acute toxicity test using various fish species: A critical review. Science of The Total Environment, 787:147705.
- Suhendrayatna, S., Arahman, N., Sipahutar, L. W., Rinidar, R., & Elvitriana, E. (2019). Toxicity and organ distribution of mercury in freshwater fish (Oreochromis niloticus) after exposure to water contaminated mercury (HgII). Toxics, 7(58):1-10.
- Tsai, J.-F., Wu, T.-S., Yu, F.-Y., & Liu, B.-H. (2023). Neurotoxicity of mycotoxin citrinin: Novel evidence in developing zebrafish and underlying mechanisms in human neuron cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology: An International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 171:113543.
- von Hellfeld, R., Brotzmann, K., Baumann, L., Strecker, R., & Braunbeck, T. (2020). Adverse effects in the fish embryo acute toxicity (FET) test: a catalogue of unspecific morphological changes versus more specific effects in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Environmental Sciences Europe, 32(122):1-11.
- Washburn, S. J., Blum, J. D., Kurz, A. Y., & Pizzuto, J. E. (2018). Spatial and temporal variation in the isotopic composition of mercury in the South River, VA. Chemical Geology, 494:96-108.
References
Asemi, Z., Soleimani, A., Shakeri, H., Mazroii, N., & Esmaillzadeh, A. (2016). Effects of omega-3 fatty acid plus alpha-tocopherol supplementation on malnutrition-inflammation score, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in chronic hemodialysis patients. International Urology and Nephrology, 48(11):1887-1895.
Christiono, S., Ardiani, F. P., Anggarani, W., & Eljabbar, F. D. (2021). The effect of saltwater fish nanoparticle powder consumption on tooth enamel density - in vivo study of mice (Mus musculus). Dentino : Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi, 6(1):1-5.
Christiono, S., Pradopo, S., & Sudiana, I. K. (2022). The effect of saltwater fish consumption by mother mice (Mus musculus) on the Expression of FABPs and Type 1 collagen regarding increase in enamel density. Journal of International Dental and Medical Research, 15(4):1535-1540.
Christiono, S., Pradopo, S., Sudiana, I. K., Hutami, I. R., Mayangsari, R. S., Rochmah, Y. S., & Ibrahim, Z. (2023). Amelogenin and alkaline phosphatase expression in ameloblast after saltwater fish consumption in pregnant mice (Mus musculus). Dental Journal, 56(3):166-171.
Christiono, S., Pradopo, S., Sudiana, I. K., Mayangsari, R. S., & Indrawati, S. V. (2023). The effect of sea fish powder on development and growth of fetal teeth mice. Insisiva Dental Journal: Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Insisiva, 12(2):70-77.
Collignon, A. M., Vergnes, J. N., Germa, A., Azogui, S., Breinig, S., Hollande, C., Bonnet, A. L., & Nabet, C. (2022). Factors and mechanisms involved in acquired developmental defects of enamel: A scoping review. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 10:836708.
Graterol Torres, F., Molina, M., Soler-Majoral, J., Romero-González, G., Rodríguez Chitiva, N., Troya-Saborido, M., Socias Rullan, G., Burgos, E., Paúl Martínez, J., Urrutia Jou, M., Cañameras, C., Riera Sadurní, J., Vila, A., & Bover, J. (2022). Evolving concepts on inflammatory biomarkers and malnutrition in chronic kidney disease. Nutrients, 14(20):1-10.
Ho, T., Chin, E., Lo, M., & Lu, H. (2023). The relationship between dental caries, bone mineral density, and bone metabolism among adolescents. Research Square, 1-14.
Krewski, D., Andersen, M. E., Tyshenko, M. G., Krishnan, K., Hartung, T., Boekelheide, K., Wambaugh, J. F., Jones, D., Whelan, M., Thomas, R., Yauk, C., Barton-Maclaren, T., & Cote, I. (2020). Toxicity testing in the 21st century: progress in the past decade and future perspectives. In Archives of Toxicology 94(2):1-58. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Mubaraki, S. A. (2019). Hypoplasia resulting from nutritional deficiency: A case report. International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 12(6):573-576.
Obtel, N., Cabec, A. Le, Nguyen, T. N., Giabbicani, E., & Malderen, S. J. M. Van. (2022). Impact of claudin-10 deficiency on amelogenesis: Lesson from a HELIX tooth. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1516:197-211.
OECD. (2019). Test Guideline No. 203: Fish, acute toxicity test. OECD.
Pais, T. D. S., Luchiari, A. C., de Souza, A. M., Medeiros, I., Silva, M. G. F. R., Dos Santos, Y. L., Silva-Maia, J. K., Passos, T. S., & Morais, A. H. de A. (2023). Assessment of acute toxicity of crude extract rich in carotenoids from Cantaloupe melon (Cucumis melo L.) and the gelatin-based nanoparticles using the zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. Food and Chemical Toxicology : An International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 181:114091.
Rasyid, M. I., Yuliani, H., & Angraeni, L. (2020). Toxicity test LC50 of pineung nyen teusalee seeds (Areca catechu) extract by brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) methode. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 515(1):12052.
Santací , M., Devigili, A., & Gasparini, C. (2022). Timing matters: Female receptivity and mate choice in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 76(149):1-15.
Santos, D., Félix, L., Luzio, A., Parra, S., Cabecinha, E., Bellas, J., & Monteiro, S. M. (2020). Toxicological effects induced on early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) after an acute exposure to microplastics alone or co-exposed with copper. Chemosphere, 261:127748.
Sellathory, C., Perumal, K. V., Thiagarajan, S., Abidin, A. Z., Balan, S. S., & Bahari, H. (2019). Toxicity evaluation of instant coffee via zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo acute toxicity test. Current Topics in Toxicology, 15(2):49-55.
Setiawan, A. S., Indriyanti, R., Suryanti, N., Rahayuwati, L., & Juniarti, N. (2022). Neonatal stunting and early childhood caries: A mini-review. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 10(2)1-9.
Sitosari, H., Jonarta, A. L., Sumiwi, Y. A. A., & Haniastuti, T. (2019). Rapid enamel deposition on sprague dawley after nano calcium supplementation during pregnancy. Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia, 4(3):120-126.
Su, T., Lian, D., Bai, Y., Wang, Y. Y. L., Zhang, D., Wang, Z., & You, J. (2021). The feasibility of the zebrafish embryo as a promising alternative for acute toxicity test using various fish species: A critical review. Science of The Total Environment, 787:147705.
Suhendrayatna, S., Arahman, N., Sipahutar, L. W., Rinidar, R., & Elvitriana, E. (2019). Toxicity and organ distribution of mercury in freshwater fish (Oreochromis niloticus) after exposure to water contaminated mercury (HgII). Toxics, 7(58):1-10.
Tsai, J.-F., Wu, T.-S., Yu, F.-Y., & Liu, B.-H. (2023). Neurotoxicity of mycotoxin citrinin: Novel evidence in developing zebrafish and underlying mechanisms in human neuron cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology: An International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 171:113543.
von Hellfeld, R., Brotzmann, K., Baumann, L., Strecker, R., & Braunbeck, T. (2020). Adverse effects in the fish embryo acute toxicity (FET) test: a catalogue of unspecific morphological changes versus more specific effects in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Environmental Sciences Europe, 32(122):1-11.
Washburn, S. J., Blum, J. D., Kurz, A. Y., & Pizzuto, J. E. (2018). Spatial and temporal variation in the isotopic composition of mercury in the South River, VA. Chemical Geology, 494:96-108.