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Vol. 16 No. 2 (2024): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN

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Aquaculture Aquatic Resource Management

Growth Performance, Antioxidants, Intestinal Microbial Composition and Histological Effect of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) through diets Enriched to Pomegranate Peel (Punica granatum) Extracts

https://doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v16i2.56269
Hassan. A. Fazaa
Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Muthanna, Samawah, Iraq
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1522-3592
Fatima A.M. Sultan
Department of Fisheries and Marine resources, Collage of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8832-7646
Raad M. Sayed-Lafi
National University of Science and Technology, Thi-Qar, Iraq.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-369X

Corresponding Author(s) : Raad M. Sayed-Lafi

Raadelsayed@hotmail.com

Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 16 No. 2 (2024): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN

Abstract

Graphical Abstract



Highlight Research



  1. PPE supported the growth indices like final weight, weight gain, SGR, and FCR.

  2. PPE affected the total aerobic bacteria or total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count, but the enteric gram-negative bacteria count was significantly reduced in the experimental groups.

  3. Add PPE caused a reduced total fungi count in all treated fish.

  4. The histological examination showed enlargement of the villi, depth of the villi, and an increase in goblet cells for the treatments supplemented with PPE.


Abstract


Pomegranate is considered one of the medicinal herbs rich in antioxidants that can be used in aquaculture to support immunity and health. The objective of this investigation was to ascertain the impact of pomegranate peel (Punica granatum) extract (PPE) on growth performance, the intestinal bacteria count, the total number of fungi and the histological analysis of the grass carp. 105 fingerlings (11.04±0.22g) were distributed among 21 aquariums (60-L) in a completely randomised design (triplicated) and fed diets containing 0, 0.5, and 1% PPE for 70 days at a feeding rate of 3% body weight. A spectrophotometry assessment indicated for PPE that the total phenol content was 151.09 and 175.95 GAE/100 g, and the flavonoid content was 36.04 and 42.89 RE/100 g, respectively. The results of the present work revealed that growth indicators (final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR)) increased (P<0.05) in the PPE group in comparison to the control group. PPE had an impact on the total count of aerobic bacteria or lactic acid bacteria (LAB), but the experimental treatments dramatically decreased the amount of enteric gram-negative bacteria (P<0.05). The total fungi count showed a significant increase in all treated fish (P<0.05). Also, histological examination showed improvement and elongation of the villi, and an increase in goblet cells for the treatments supplemented with PPE. Therefore, it is recommended to use PPE (0.5%) as a diet additive for grass carp to improve their growth performance and health.

Keywords

Grass carpPhenolPomegranate peelLAB
Fazaa, H. A. ., Sultan, F. A. ., & Sayed-Lafi, R. M. . (2024). Growth Performance, Antioxidants, Intestinal Microbial Composition and Histological Effect of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) through diets Enriched to Pomegranate Peel (Punica granatum) Extracts. Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan Dan Kelautan, 16(2), 473–484. https://doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v16i2.56269
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Author Biographies

Hassan. A. Fazaa, Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Muthanna, Samawah, Iraq

Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Muthanna, Samawah, Iraq.

Fatima A.M. Sultan, Department of Fisheries and Marine resources, Collage of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq

Department of Fisheries and Marine resources, Collage of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.

Raad M. Sayed-Lafi, National University of Science and Technology, Thi-Qar, Iraq.

National University of Science and Technology, Thi-Qar, Iraq.

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