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Daya Dukung Lingkungan Tambak di Kecamatan Pulau Derawan dan Sambaliung, Kabupaten Berau, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
[Carrying Capacity for Brackishwater Pond in The Derawan Islands and Sambaliung Sub-Districts, Berau Regency, East Kalimantan Province]
Corresponding Author(s) : Erna Ratnawati
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 4 No. 2 (2012): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Abstract
Carrying capacity for brackishwater pond is the main concept to be developed for the management of natural resources and the environment in a sustainable manner, it also should be applicated in Berau Regency. A study had been conducted to determine the carrying capacity of brackishwater ponds in the Derawan Islands and Sambaliung sub-districts, Berau. Considered factors in the analysis of environmental carrying capacity is the topography and hydrology, soil conditions, water quality and climate condition. Weighting system had been used as analysis of the carrying capacity which refers to the modification of Poernomo (1992). The study showed that the carrying capacity in those two sub-districts was similar, which was 62.52% respectively, so the ponds' area that can be supported were : 2,915.62 and 304.90 ha. The main factors that cause low carrying capacity for brackishwater pond in study area were the high potential soil acidity, high content of toxic elements, low nutrient and high rainfall.
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References
Agus, F., Yusrial, dan Sutono. 2006. Penetapan tekstur tanah. Dalam: Kurnia, U., F. Agus, A. Adimihardja dan A. Dariah. (eds.), Sifat Fisik Tanah dan Metode Analisisnya. Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian, Bogor. hlm. 43-62.
Ahern, C.R., B. Blunden, L.A. Sullivan and A.E. McElnea. 2004. Soil sampling, handling, preparation and storage for analisys of dried samples. In: Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines. Queensland Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy, Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia. pp. B1-1-B1-5.
Anonim. 2009. Berau dalam Angka. Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Berau, Tanjung Redeb. 268 hlm.
Anonim. 2010. Laporan Statistik Perikanan 2009. Pemerintah Kabupaten Berau, Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan, Tanjung Redeb. 87 hlm.
APHA (American Public Health Association). 2005. Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater. Twentieth edition APHA-AWWA-WEF, Washington.
Boyd, C.E. 1995. Bottom Soils, Sediment, and Pond Aquaculture. Chapman and Hall, New York. 348 pp.
Clark, J.R. 1992. Integrated Management of Coastal Zones. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 327. United Nations-FAO, Rome. 167 pp.
Dinas Hidro-Oseanografi. 2010. Daftar Pasang Surut Kepulauan Indonesia Tahun 2010. Dinas Hidro-Oseanografi TNI AL, Jakarta. 679 hlm.
GESAMP (IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/WMO/ WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection). 2001. Planning and Management for Sustainable Coastal Aquaculture Development. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/ y1818e/y1818e00.htm. [17 Juni 2009].
Menon, R.G. 1973. Soil and Water Analysis: A Laboratory Manual for the Analysis of Soil and Water. Proyek Survey O.K.T. Sumatera Selatan, Palembang. 190 pp.
Moriarty, D.J.W. 2010. Sulphide and phosphate problems in shrimp ponds. AQUA Culture Asia Pacific 6(5): 42-45.
Mustafa, A. 2007. Improving Acid Sulfate Soils for Brackish Water Ponds in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Ph.D. Thesis. The University of New South Wales, Sydney. 418 pp.
Mustafa, A. 2011. Teknologi Pendayagunaan Tanah Sulfat Masam untuk Akuakultur Berkelanjutan. Disampaikan dalam Orasi Pengukuhan Profesor Riset Bidang Akuakultur di Jakarta, 28 November 2011. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kelautan dan Perikanan, Jakarta. 97 hlm.
Mustafa, A. dan Rachmansyah. 2008. Kebijakan dalam pemanfaatan tanah sulfat masam untuk budidaya tambak. Dalam: Sudradjat, A., Rusastra, I W. dan Budiharsono, S. (eds.), Analisis Kebijakan Pembangunan Perikanan Budidaya. Pusat Riset Perikanan Budidaya, Jakarta. hlm. 1-11.
Mustafa, A., Rachmansyah, E. Ratnawati, Hasnawi, A.I. Asaad, M. Paena dan Makmur. 2011. Kajian Daya Dukung Lahan Budidaya Tambak di Kabupaten Berau, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Laporan Akhir. Kerja Sama Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Kabupaten Berau dengan Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau. Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau, Maros. 120 hlm.
Mustafa, A., Rachmansyah dan A. Hanafi. 2007. Kelayakan lahan untuk budi daya perikanan pesisir. Dalam: Prosiding Simposium Nasional Hasil Riset Kelautan dan Perikanan tahun 2007. Badan Riset Kelautan dan Perikanan, Jakarta. hlm. 1-29.
Mustafa, A. and J. Sammut. 2007. Effect of different remediation techniques and dosages of phosphorus fertilizer on soil quality and klekap production in acid sulfate soil-affected aquaculture ponds. Indonesian Aquaculture Journal 2(2): 141-157.
Páez-Osuna, F. 2001. The environmental impact of shrimp aquaculture: causes, effects, and mitigating alternatives. Environmental Management 28(1): 131-140.
Parsons, T. R., Maita, Y. and Lalli. C.M. 1989. A Manual of Chemical and Biological Methods for Seawater Analysis. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 173 pp.
Páez-Osuna, F. 2001. The environmental impact of shrimp aquaculture: causes, effects, and mitigating alternatives. Environmental Management 28(1): 131-140.
Parsons, T. R., Maita, Y. and Lalli. C.M. 1989. A Manual of Chemical and Biological Methods for Seawater Analysis. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 173 pp.
Poernomo, A. 1992. Pemilihan Lokasi Tambak Udang Berwawasan Lingkungan. Seri Pengembangan Hasil Penelitian No. PHP/KAN/PATEK/004/1992. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perikanan bekerja sama dengan USAID/FRDP, Jakarta. 40 hlm.
Prasita, V.D. 2007. Analisis Daya Dukung Lingkungan dan Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Wilayah Pesisir untuk Pertambakan di Kabupaten Gresik. Disertasi Doktor. Sekolah Pasca-sarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. 147 hlm.
Saputro, B.G., S. Sukardjo, S. Hartini, Niendyawati, A. Susanto, A. Sumarso, I.N. Edrus, P. Maesarrah, D. Suhendra dan C. Syah. 2009. Peta Mangroves Indonesia. Pusat Survei Sumber Daya Alam Laut, Bakosurtanal, Cibinong. 329 pp.
Sulaeman, Suparto dan Eviati. 2005. Petunjuk Teknis Analisis Kimia Tanah, Tanaman, Air, dan Pupuk. Diedit oleh: Prasetyo, B.H., D. Santoso dan L.R. Widowati. Balai Penelitian Tanah, Bogor. 136 hlm.
Sutrisyani dan S. Rohani. 2009. Panduan Praktis Analisis Kualitas Air Payau. Diedit: Rachmansyah, M. Atmomarsono, dan A. Mustafa. Cetakan kedua. Pusat Riset Perikanan Budidaya, Jakarta. 55 hlm.
Wikipedia. 2009. Carrying Capacity. http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrying_capacity. Wikimedia Foundation Inc., USA. [17 Juni 2009].