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Relationship Between Characteristics of Marine Debris and Impact to Coral Reef
Corresponding Author(s) : Muhamad Gilang Arindra Putra
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan,
Vol. 13 No. 1 (2021): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Highlight
- Marine debris can be as a treat for coral reef
- Branching coral is the most affected by marine debris
- Plastic marine debris commonly found in all research location, especially from fisheries and daily activity
Abstract
A coral reef is one of the important ecosystems, however, the existence of coral reef is threatened. Several factors can be a threat to the coral reef, such as marine debris. Research about marine debris on coral reefs in Indonesia has not much been done. This research aims to identify marine debris that is found and impacted, to identify the impacts caused, and to identify the life forms most susceptible to being affected. This research was conducted in Kelapa Island, Kelapa Dua Island, and Harapan Island by using the Belt Transect method sized 20 x 4 m2 with four repetitions at each station to determine coral reef life form, and type of marine debris. The data was analyzed by using the Correspondence Analysis (CA) to determine the correlation of marine debris and the affected life forms of coral reefs. The result showed the plastic marine debris was found in all stations. Six life forms were affected by marine debris, and the most susceptible life forms that affected were massive and branching. The most dominant impact category on coral reefs was tissue loss with algal growth (TLAG).
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- Abu, H. A., & Al-Najjar, T. (2009). Marine litter in coral reef areas along the Jordan Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(2):1043-1049.
- Baker, A. C., Glynn, P. W., & Riegl, B. (2008). Climate change and coral reef bleaching: An ecological assessment of long-term impacts, recovery trends and future outlook. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 80(4):435-471.
- Burke, L., Reytar, K., Spalding, M., & Perry, A. (2012). Reefs at risk revisited in the coral triangle. Washington (US): World Resources Institute.
- Butler, J. R. A., Gunn, R., Berry, H. L., Wagey, G. A., Hardesty, B. D., & Wilcox, C. (2013). A value chain analysis of ghost nets in the Arafura Sea: Identifying trans boundary stakeholders, intervention points and livelihood trade offs. Journal of Environmental Management, 123(1):14-25.
- Chiappone, M., White, A., Swanson, D. W., & Miller, S. L. (2002). Occurrence and biological impacts of fishing gear and other marine debris in the Florida Keys. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 44(7):597-604.
- Chiappone, M. D. H., Swanson, D. W., & Miller, S. L. (2005). Impacts of lost fishing gear on coral reef sessile invertebrates in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Biological Conservation, 121(2):221-230.
- Coe, J. M., & Rogers, D. (1997). Marine Debris Source,Impacts, and Solutions. Edition 1. Springer Verlag: New York.
- Cooper, T. F., De'ath, G., Fabricius, K. E., & Lough, J. M. (2008). Declining coral calcification in massive Porites in two nearshore regions of the northern Great Barrier Reef. Global Change Biology, 14(3):529-538.
- Cordova, M. R., & Nurhati, I. S. (2019). Major sources and monthly variations in the release of land derived marine debris from the Greater Jakarta area, Indonesia. Scientific Reports, 9(1):1-8.
- Corvianawatie, C., & Abrar, M. (2018). Kesesuaian kondisi oseanografi dalam mendukung ekosistem terumbu karang di Pulau Pari. Jurnal Kelautan Nasional, 13(3):155-162.
- de Carvalho-Souza, G. F., Llope, M., Tinoco, M. S., Medeiros, D. V., Maia-Nogueira, R., & Sampaio, C. L. S. (2018). Marine litter disrupts ecological processes in reef systems. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 133(1):464-471.
- Galgani, F., Hanke, G., Werner, S., Oosterbaan, L., Nilsson, P., Fleet,
- D., & Liebezeit, G. (2013). Marine Strategy Framework Directive Guidance on Monitoring Marine Litter. Luxem bourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
- Galgani, O. L., Poitou, I., Hanke, G., Thompson, R., Amato, E., & Maes, T. (2010). Marine Strategy framework directive. Task Group 10 Report Marine Litter. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
- Gall, S. C., & Thompson, R. C. (2015). The impact of debris on marine life. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 92(1):170-179.
- Hankins, C., Duffy, A., & Drisco, K. (2018). Scleractinian coral microplastic ingestion: Potential calcification effects, size limits, and retention. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 135(1):587-593.
- Hoeksema, B. W., & de Voogd, N. J. (2012). On the run: Free living mushroom corals avoiding interaction with sponges. Coral Reefs, 31(2):455-459.
- Hoeksema, B. W., & Hermanto, B. (2018). Plastic nets as substrate for reef corals in Lembeh Strait, Indonesia. Coral Reefs, 37(3):631.
- Jambeck, J. R., Ji, Q., Zhang, Y. G., Liu, D., Grossnickle, D. M., & Luo, Z. X. (2015). Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean. Science, 347(6223):768- 770.
- Laapo, A., Fahrudin, A., Bengen, D. G., & Damar, A. (2009). Pengaruh aktivitas wisata bahari terhadap kualitas perairan laut di kawasan wisata gugus Pulau Togean. Ilmu Kelautan, 14(4):215-221.
- Lamb, J. B., Wenger, A. S., Devlin, M. J., Ceccarelli, D. M., Williamson, D. H., & Willis, B. L. (2016). Reserves as tools for alleviating impacts of marine disease. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371(1689):1-11.
- Lamb, J. B., Willis, B. L., Fiorenza, E. A., Couch, C. S., Howard, R., Rader, D. N., & Harvell, C. D. (2018). Plastic waste associated with disease on coral reefs. Science, 359(6374):460-462.
- Law, K. L. (2016). Plastics in the marine environment. Environment Conservation, 9(1): 205–229.
- Li, W. C., Tse, H. F., & Fok, L. (2016). Plastic waste in the marine environment: A review of sources, occurrence and effects. Science of the Total Environment, 1(566):333-349.
- Lippiatt, S., Opfer, S., & Arthur, C. (2013). Marine debris monitoring and assessment. Silver Spring : United States
- Niaounakis, M. (2017). The problem of marine plastic debris. In Management of marine plastic debris. Norwich City: William Andrew.
- Raymundo, L. J., Couch, C. S., Bruckner, A. W., & Harvell, C. D. (2008). Coral disease handbook: Guidelines for assessment, monitoring and management. Coral Reef Targeted Research and Capacity Building For Management Program: Saint Lucia.
- Sheavly, S. B., & Register, K. M. (2007). Marine debris & plastics: Environmental concerns, sources, impacts and solutions. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 15(4):301-305.
- Sweet, M. J., Stelfox, M., & Lamb, J. B. (2019). Plastics and shallow water coral reefs. Technical Report. University of Derby. University of California, Irvine. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29699.14880
- Uneputty, P., & Evans, S. M. (1997). The impact of plastic debris on the biota of tidal flats in Ambon Bay (Eastern Indonesia). Marine Environmental Research, 44(3):233-242.
- Valderrama, L., Matthews, J. L., & Hoeksema, B. W. (2018). Pollution and coral damage caused by derelict fishing gear on coral reefs around Koh Tao, Gulf of Thailand. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 135(1):1107-1116.
References
Abu, H. A., & Al-Najjar, T. (2009). Marine litter in coral reef areas along the Jordan Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(2):1043-1049.
Baker, A. C., Glynn, P. W., & Riegl, B. (2008). Climate change and coral reef bleaching: An ecological assessment of long-term impacts, recovery trends and future outlook. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 80(4):435-471.
Burke, L., Reytar, K., Spalding, M., & Perry, A. (2012). Reefs at risk revisited in the coral triangle. Washington (US): World Resources Institute.
Butler, J. R. A., Gunn, R., Berry, H. L., Wagey, G. A., Hardesty, B. D., & Wilcox, C. (2013). A value chain analysis of ghost nets in the Arafura Sea: Identifying trans boundary stakeholders, intervention points and livelihood trade offs. Journal of Environmental Management, 123(1):14-25.
Chiappone, M., White, A., Swanson, D. W., & Miller, S. L. (2002). Occurrence and biological impacts of fishing gear and other marine debris in the Florida Keys. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 44(7):597-604.
Chiappone, M. D. H., Swanson, D. W., & Miller, S. L. (2005). Impacts of lost fishing gear on coral reef sessile invertebrates in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Biological Conservation, 121(2):221-230.
Coe, J. M., & Rogers, D. (1997). Marine Debris Source,Impacts, and Solutions. Edition 1. Springer Verlag: New York.
Cooper, T. F., De'ath, G., Fabricius, K. E., & Lough, J. M. (2008). Declining coral calcification in massive Porites in two nearshore regions of the northern Great Barrier Reef. Global Change Biology, 14(3):529-538.
Cordova, M. R., & Nurhati, I. S. (2019). Major sources and monthly variations in the release of land derived marine debris from the Greater Jakarta area, Indonesia. Scientific Reports, 9(1):1-8.
Corvianawatie, C., & Abrar, M. (2018). Kesesuaian kondisi oseanografi dalam mendukung ekosistem terumbu karang di Pulau Pari. Jurnal Kelautan Nasional, 13(3):155-162.
de Carvalho-Souza, G. F., Llope, M., Tinoco, M. S., Medeiros, D. V., Maia-Nogueira, R., & Sampaio, C. L. S. (2018). Marine litter disrupts ecological processes in reef systems. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 133(1):464-471.
Galgani, F., Hanke, G., Werner, S., Oosterbaan, L., Nilsson, P., Fleet,
D., & Liebezeit, G. (2013). Marine Strategy Framework Directive Guidance on Monitoring Marine Litter. Luxem bourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Galgani, O. L., Poitou, I., Hanke, G., Thompson, R., Amato, E., & Maes, T. (2010). Marine Strategy framework directive. Task Group 10 Report Marine Litter. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Gall, S. C., & Thompson, R. C. (2015). The impact of debris on marine life. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 92(1):170-179.
Hankins, C., Duffy, A., & Drisco, K. (2018). Scleractinian coral microplastic ingestion: Potential calcification effects, size limits, and retention. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 135(1):587-593.
Hoeksema, B. W., & de Voogd, N. J. (2012). On the run: Free living mushroom corals avoiding interaction with sponges. Coral Reefs, 31(2):455-459.
Hoeksema, B. W., & Hermanto, B. (2018). Plastic nets as substrate for reef corals in Lembeh Strait, Indonesia. Coral Reefs, 37(3):631.
Jambeck, J. R., Ji, Q., Zhang, Y. G., Liu, D., Grossnickle, D. M., & Luo, Z. X. (2015). Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean. Science, 347(6223):768- 770.
Laapo, A., Fahrudin, A., Bengen, D. G., & Damar, A. (2009). Pengaruh aktivitas wisata bahari terhadap kualitas perairan laut di kawasan wisata gugus Pulau Togean. Ilmu Kelautan, 14(4):215-221.
Lamb, J. B., Wenger, A. S., Devlin, M. J., Ceccarelli, D. M., Williamson, D. H., & Willis, B. L. (2016). Reserves as tools for alleviating impacts of marine disease. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371(1689):1-11.
Lamb, J. B., Willis, B. L., Fiorenza, E. A., Couch, C. S., Howard, R., Rader, D. N., & Harvell, C. D. (2018). Plastic waste associated with disease on coral reefs. Science, 359(6374):460-462.
Law, K. L. (2016). Plastics in the marine environment. Environment Conservation, 9(1): 205–229.
Li, W. C., Tse, H. F., & Fok, L. (2016). Plastic waste in the marine environment: A review of sources, occurrence and effects. Science of the Total Environment, 1(566):333-349.
Lippiatt, S., Opfer, S., & Arthur, C. (2013). Marine debris monitoring and assessment. Silver Spring : United States
Niaounakis, M. (2017). The problem of marine plastic debris. In Management of marine plastic debris. Norwich City: William Andrew.
Raymundo, L. J., Couch, C. S., Bruckner, A. W., & Harvell, C. D. (2008). Coral disease handbook: Guidelines for assessment, monitoring and management. Coral Reef Targeted Research and Capacity Building For Management Program: Saint Lucia.
Sheavly, S. B., & Register, K. M. (2007). Marine debris & plastics: Environmental concerns, sources, impacts and solutions. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 15(4):301-305.
Sweet, M. J., Stelfox, M., & Lamb, J. B. (2019). Plastics and shallow water coral reefs. Technical Report. University of Derby. University of California, Irvine. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29699.14880
Uneputty, P., & Evans, S. M. (1997). The impact of plastic debris on the biota of tidal flats in Ambon Bay (Eastern Indonesia). Marine Environmental Research, 44(3):233-242.
Valderrama, L., Matthews, J. L., & Hoeksema, B. W. (2018). Pollution and coral damage caused by derelict fishing gear on coral reefs around Koh Tao, Gulf of Thailand. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 135(1):1107-1116.