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The Genetic Relationship Analysis of Genus Nomorhamphus from Lindu Lake, Central Sulawesi and Adaptive Responses to Exposure Different Light Wavelengths
Corresponding Author(s) : Dinar Tri Soelistyowati
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 16 No. 2 (2024): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Graphical Abstract
Highlight Research
- Genus Nomorhamphusfrom three river inlets of Lindu Lake, Central Sulawesi was identified as Nomorhamphus with CO1 gene.
- Green wavelength can accelerate growth and maturation.
- Wild fish Nomorhamphus can complete life cycles in an aquaculture environment.
- Domestication level two is completed.
Abstract
Genus Nomorhamphus is an endemic fish that can be found in Sulawesi, Indonesia. This fish belongs to the halfbeak group and has diverse colors and morphology. It has economic value as an export commodity in the ornamental fish trade. Exploration of the genetic relationship of genus Nomorhamphus in Central Sulawesi is still limited. Nomorhamphus's fulfillment of export demand still comes from wild catches. This study aimed to identify the genetic relationship of genus Nomorhamphus in the inlet rivers of Lake Lindu, Central Sulawesi, and evaluate the adaptation response of genus Nomorhamphus to different wavelengths of light exposure. Caudal fin of six fish from the three inlet rivers of Lake Lindu were preserved in 95% ethanol for DNA extraction purposes. This research used a completely randomized design with three treatment, namely rearing under white (400 nm), green (525 nm), and red (625 nm) light for 60 days. Each treatment had three replications in the form of aquariums, with each aquarium being filled with four fish. A total of 42 fish were utilized in the study. CO1 sequence was amplified with universal primers of FISH-F2 and FISH-R2. The PCR amplification products were then sequenced and performed with phylogenetic tree analysis. The genetic diversity analysis suggests that the genus Nomorhamphus of all three rivers, Lindu Lake, Central Sulawesi is one species as Nomorhamphus sp.. Male and female growth length and gonad maturation were developed faster under green light exposure, while survival rate, blood glucose level, and color quality were not significantly different under different light. Exposure of wild fish to green light Nomorhamphus sp. can accelerate gonad maturation and growth to accelerate domestication.
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- Akhtar, M. S., Tripathi, P. H., & Ciji, A. (2022). Light spectra influence the reproductive performance and expression of immune and anti-oxidative defense genes in endangered golden mahseer (Tor putitora) female brooders. Aquaculture, 547(1):1-7.
- Aras, A. K., Nirmala, K., Soelistyowati, T. D. & Sudarto, S. (2015). Spectrum manipulation on growth and color quality of juvenile clown loach Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker). Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia, 16(1):45-55.
- Asiah, N., Junianto, J., Yustiati, A., Sukendi, S., Fahmi, M. R., Muchlisin, Z. A., & Kadapi, M. (2020). Biometric and genetic differences in Kelabau (Osteochilus spp.) As revealed using cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1. F1000Research, 8(1):1-14.
- Astuti, I., Fadjar, M., Nurdiani, R., & Sulistiyati, T. D. (2022). Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) and morphology of penja fish (Sicyopterus spp.) in Budong-Budong River, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 23(9):4724-4729.
- Bairwa, M., Saharan, N., Rawat, K. D., Jakhar, J. K., & Bera, A. (2013). Photoperiod, melatonin and its importance in fish reproduction. Central European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2(4):7-15.
- Bapary, M. A. J., Amin, M. N., Takeuchi, Y., & Takemura, A. (2011). The stimulatory effects of long wavelengths of light on the ovarian development in the tropical damselfish, Chrysiptera cyanea. Aquaculture, 314(14):188-192.
- Carleton, K. L., Escobar-Camacho, D., Stieb, S. M., Cortesi, F., & Marshall, N. J. (2020). Seeing the rainbow: Mechanisms underlying spectral sensitivity in teleost fishes. Journal of Experimental Biology, 223(8):1-25.
- Choi, J. Y., & Choi, C. Y. (2018). Effects of recombinant vertebrate ancient long opsin on reproduction in goldfish, Carassius auratus: Profiling green-wavelength light. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 44(4):1027-1036.
- Choi, Y. J., Park, S. G. N. R., Jo, A. H., & Kim, J. H. (2023). Correction to: Physiological effect of extended photoperiod and green wavelength on the pituitary hormone, sex hormone and stress response in chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus. Fishes, 8(5):1-17.
- Cucherousset, J., & Olden, J. D. (2020). Are Domesticated freshwater fish an underappreciated culprit of ecosystem change? Fish and Fisheries, 21(6):1253-1258.
- Effendie, I. (1997). Biologi perikanan. Yogyakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Nusatama.
- Falcon, J., Torriglia, A., Attia, D., ViŽnot, F., Gronfier, C., Behar-Cohen, F., Martinsons, C., & Hicks, D. (2020). Exposure to artificial light at night and the consequences for flora, fauna, and ecosystems. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 14(1):1-39.
- Farhana, S. N., Muchlisin, Z. A., Duong, Y. T., Tanyaros, S., Page, L. M., Zhao, Y., Adamson, E. A. S., Khaironizam, M. Z., De Bruyn, M., & Siti-Azizah, M. N. (2018). Exploring hidden diversity in Southeast Asia’s Dermogenys spp. (Beloniformes: Zenarchopteridae) through DNA barcoding. Scientific Reports, 8(1):1-12.
- Frau, S., Paullada-Salmerón, J. A., Paradiso, I., Cowan, M. E., Martín-Robles, J. A., & Muñoz-Cueto, J. A. (2022). From embryo to adult life: differential expression of visual opsins in the flatfish Solea senegalensis under different light spectra and photoperiods. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9(1):1-22.
- Gunawan, B. K., Nirmala, K., Soelistyowati, D. T., Djokosetiyanto, D., & Nurussalam, W. (2022). The effects of LED light spectrum manipulation on growth and color performance of giant gourami Osphronemus gouramy Lacepede Padang strain. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 21(1):11-21.
- Herjayanto, M., Carman, O., Soelistyowati, D. T., Alimuddin, A., Wicaksono, A. W., & Arfah, H. (2023). The ontogenic study of early life stages of Culture-Bred Nomorhamphus sp. (Zenarchopteridae) from Lindu, Central Sulawesi. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 22(2):179-186.
- Huylebrouck, J., Hadiaty, R. K., & Herder, F. (2012). Nomorhamphus rex, a new species of viviparous halfbeak (Atherinomorpha: Beloniformes: Zenarchopteridae) endemic to Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 60(2):477-485.
- Kasagi, S., Mizusawa, K., & Takahashi, A. (2020). The effects of chromatic lights on body color and gene expressions of melanin-concentrating hormone and proopiomelanocortin in goldfish (Carassius auratus). General and Comparative Endocrinology, 285(1):1-8.
- Kasayev, T., & Arisuryanti, T. (2022). COI-based DNA barcoding of selais fish from Arut River, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology, 7(1):1-12.
- Kraemer, J., Thieme, P., Hadiaty, R. K., & Herder, F. (2019). Structure of the andropodium of the viviparous halfbeak genus Nomorhamphus (Atherinomorpha: Beloniformes: Zenarchopteridae), endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 67(1):247-259.
- Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li, M., Knyaz, C., & Tamura, K. (2018). MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Molecular biology and evolution, 35(6):1547-1549.
- Kusumah, R. V., Kusrini, E., & Fahmi, M. R. (2016). Biology, potential, and efforts to cultivate the julung-julung Zenarchopteridae as ornamental fish endemic to Indonesia. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Ikan Ke 8, 8(1):303-313.
- Lawelle, S. A., Asriyana, & Nofrianto, A. B. (2021). Morphometrics and growth patterns of halfbeak fish (Nomorhamphus sp.) in Moramo River, South Konawe Regency. E3S Web of Conferences, 322(1):1-9.
- Mahrus, H., Al Idrus, A., & Zulkifli, L. (2022). Molecular phylogeny of anchovy (Clupeiformes: Clupeidae) from Southern Waters of Lombok using mitochondrial DNA CO1 gene sequences. Biodiversitas, 23(5):2433-2443.
- Mondal, P., Hira, S. K., & Saha, N. C. (2019). The functional role of melatonin and kisspeptin in fish reproduction. Innovare Journal of Science, 7(3):1-7.
- Nirmala, K., Hastuti, Y. P., & Ghukos, T. P. (2022). Effectiveness of LED light spectrum exposure on growth performance and color quality of juvenile polka dot grouper (Cromileptes altivelis). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1033(1):1-12.
- Novita, R. D., Nirmala, K., Supriyono, E., & Ardi, I. (2019). The effectiveness of LED light spectrum exposure on growth and color performance of orange clownfish, Amphiprion percula (Lacèpède, 1802) juvenile. Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia, 19(1):127-141.
- NRC (National Research Council). (1983). Nutrient requirement of warmwater fishes and shellfishes. Washington, DC: The National Academy Press.
- Nuryanto, A., Komalawati, N., & Sugiharto. (2019). Genetic diversity assessment of Hemibagrus nemurus from rivers in Java Island, Indonesia using COI gene. Biodiversitas, 20(9):2707-2717.
- Oakley, A. E., Clifton, D. K., & Steiner, R. A. (2009). Kisspeptin signaling in the brain. Endocrine Reviews, 30(6):713-743.
- Roesma, D. I., Tjong, D. H., Janra, M. N., & Aidil, D. R. (2022). DNA Barcoding of freshwater fish in Siberut Island, Mentawai Archipelago, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 23(4):1795-1806.
- Sánchez-Vázquez, F. J., López-Olmeda, J. F., Vera, L. M., Migaud, H., López-Patiño, M. A., & Míguez, J. M. (2019). Environmental cycles, melatonin, and circadian control of stress response in fish. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 10(1):1-18.
- Senarat, S., Jiraungkoorskul, W., Kettratad, J., Kaneko, G., Poolprasert, P., & Para, C. (2019). Histological analysis of reproductive system of Dermogenys pusilla (Kuhl & Van Hasselt, 1823) from Thailand: Sperm existence in ovary indicates viviparous reproductive mode. Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology, 13(3):185-195.
- Septriani, S., Kiddane, A. T., Kim, G. Do, & Brown, C. L. (2021). Effects of different wavelength from light emitting diodes (LEDs) on growth and development in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae. E3S Web of Conferences, 322(1):1-19.
- Shin, H. S., Habibi, H. R., & Choi, C. Y. (2014). The environmental regulation of maturation in goldfish, Carassius Auratus: Effects of various LED light spectra. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - A Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 168(1):17-24.
- Shin, H. S., Kim, N. N., Choi, Y. J., Habibi, H. R., Kim, J. W., & Choi, C. Y. (2013). Light-emitting diode spectral sensitivity relationship with reproductive parameters and ovarian maturation in yellowtail damselfish, Chrysiptera parasema. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 127(1):108-113.
- Sierra-Flores, R., Davie, A., Grant, B., Carboni, S., Atack, T., & Migaud, H. (2016). Effects of light spectrum and tank background colour on Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae performances. Aquaculture, 450(1):6-13.
- Tao, W., Cheng, Y., Liu, Z., Yan, S., & Long, X. (2013). Effects of light intensity on growth, immune response, plasma cortisol and fatty acid composition of juvenile Epinephelus coioides reared in artificial seawater. Aquaculture, 414(1):135-139.
- Teletchea, F. (2019). Fish domestication: An overview. In F. Teletchea (Ed.), Animal domestication. (pp. 1-23). IntechOpen.
- Teletchea, F. (2021). Fish domestication in aquaculture: 10 unanswered questions. Animal Frontiers, 11(3):87-91.
- Villamizar, N., Blanco-Vives, B., Migaud, H., Davie, A., Carboni, S., & Sánchez-Vázquez, F. J. (2011). Effects of light during early larval development of some aquacultured teleosts: A review. Aquaculture, 315(12):86-94.
- Virgiawan, S. Y., Samidjan, I., & Hastuti, S. (2020). The effect of differences wavelength of light on color quality of clown loach (Chromobotia macracanthus Blekeer) with recirculation system. Sains Akuakultur Tropis, 4(2):119-128.
- Weatherley, A., & Gill, H. S. (1987). The biology of fish growth. Academic Press. ISBN 13: 9780127390550
- Wedemeyer, G. A., & Yasutake, W. T. (1977). Clinical methods for the assessment of the effects of environmental stress on fish health. In Technical Paper.
- Wei, H., Geng, L., Shang, X., Li, L., Ma, B., Zhang, Y., Li, W., & Xu, W. (2023). Comparison genetic diversity and population structure of four Pseudaspius leptocephalus populations in Heilongjiang River Basin based on mitochondrial COI gene. Frontiers in Marine Science, 10(1):1-11.
- Yun, S. G., Kim, N. N., Shin, H. S., Choi, Y. J., Choi, J. Y., Song, J. A., & Choi, C. Y. (2015). The effects of different wavelengths of light-emitting diodes on the expression of reproduction-related genes in goldfish Carassius auratus. Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 18(2):211-220.
- Zainal, S., Tellu, A. T., & Kasim, A. (2022). Morphological variations and molecular phylogeny of Oryzias sarasinorum Popta, 1905 (Ricefish) from Lake Lindu, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 23(7):3437-3442.
- Zou, Y., Peng, Z., Wang, W., Liang, S., Song, C., Wang, L., Wu, Z., Wu, Q., Tan, X., & You, F. (2022). The stimulation effects of green light on the growth, testicular development and stress of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture, 546(1):1-8.
References
Akhtar, M. S., Tripathi, P. H., & Ciji, A. (2022). Light spectra influence the reproductive performance and expression of immune and anti-oxidative defense genes in endangered golden mahseer (Tor putitora) female brooders. Aquaculture, 547(1):1-7.
Aras, A. K., Nirmala, K., Soelistyowati, T. D. & Sudarto, S. (2015). Spectrum manipulation on growth and color quality of juvenile clown loach Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker). Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia, 16(1):45-55.
Asiah, N., Junianto, J., Yustiati, A., Sukendi, S., Fahmi, M. R., Muchlisin, Z. A., & Kadapi, M. (2020). Biometric and genetic differences in Kelabau (Osteochilus spp.) As revealed using cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1. F1000Research, 8(1):1-14.
Astuti, I., Fadjar, M., Nurdiani, R., & Sulistiyati, T. D. (2022). Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) and morphology of penja fish (Sicyopterus spp.) in Budong-Budong River, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 23(9):4724-4729.
Bairwa, M., Saharan, N., Rawat, K. D., Jakhar, J. K., & Bera, A. (2013). Photoperiod, melatonin and its importance in fish reproduction. Central European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2(4):7-15.
Bapary, M. A. J., Amin, M. N., Takeuchi, Y., & Takemura, A. (2011). The stimulatory effects of long wavelengths of light on the ovarian development in the tropical damselfish, Chrysiptera cyanea. Aquaculture, 314(14):188-192.
Carleton, K. L., Escobar-Camacho, D., Stieb, S. M., Cortesi, F., & Marshall, N. J. (2020). Seeing the rainbow: Mechanisms underlying spectral sensitivity in teleost fishes. Journal of Experimental Biology, 223(8):1-25.
Choi, J. Y., & Choi, C. Y. (2018). Effects of recombinant vertebrate ancient long opsin on reproduction in goldfish, Carassius auratus: Profiling green-wavelength light. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 44(4):1027-1036.
Choi, Y. J., Park, S. G. N. R., Jo, A. H., & Kim, J. H. (2023). Correction to: Physiological effect of extended photoperiod and green wavelength on the pituitary hormone, sex hormone and stress response in chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus. Fishes, 8(5):1-17.
Cucherousset, J., & Olden, J. D. (2020). Are Domesticated freshwater fish an underappreciated culprit of ecosystem change? Fish and Fisheries, 21(6):1253-1258.
Effendie, I. (1997). Biologi perikanan. Yogyakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Nusatama.
Falcon, J., Torriglia, A., Attia, D., ViŽnot, F., Gronfier, C., Behar-Cohen, F., Martinsons, C., & Hicks, D. (2020). Exposure to artificial light at night and the consequences for flora, fauna, and ecosystems. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 14(1):1-39.
Farhana, S. N., Muchlisin, Z. A., Duong, Y. T., Tanyaros, S., Page, L. M., Zhao, Y., Adamson, E. A. S., Khaironizam, M. Z., De Bruyn, M., & Siti-Azizah, M. N. (2018). Exploring hidden diversity in Southeast Asia’s Dermogenys spp. (Beloniformes: Zenarchopteridae) through DNA barcoding. Scientific Reports, 8(1):1-12.
Frau, S., Paullada-Salmerón, J. A., Paradiso, I., Cowan, M. E., Martín-Robles, J. A., & Muñoz-Cueto, J. A. (2022). From embryo to adult life: differential expression of visual opsins in the flatfish Solea senegalensis under different light spectra and photoperiods. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9(1):1-22.
Gunawan, B. K., Nirmala, K., Soelistyowati, D. T., Djokosetiyanto, D., & Nurussalam, W. (2022). The effects of LED light spectrum manipulation on growth and color performance of giant gourami Osphronemus gouramy Lacepede Padang strain. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 21(1):11-21.
Herjayanto, M., Carman, O., Soelistyowati, D. T., Alimuddin, A., Wicaksono, A. W., & Arfah, H. (2023). The ontogenic study of early life stages of Culture-Bred Nomorhamphus sp. (Zenarchopteridae) from Lindu, Central Sulawesi. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 22(2):179-186.
Huylebrouck, J., Hadiaty, R. K., & Herder, F. (2012). Nomorhamphus rex, a new species of viviparous halfbeak (Atherinomorpha: Beloniformes: Zenarchopteridae) endemic to Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 60(2):477-485.
Kasagi, S., Mizusawa, K., & Takahashi, A. (2020). The effects of chromatic lights on body color and gene expressions of melanin-concentrating hormone and proopiomelanocortin in goldfish (Carassius auratus). General and Comparative Endocrinology, 285(1):1-8.
Kasayev, T., & Arisuryanti, T. (2022). COI-based DNA barcoding of selais fish from Arut River, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology, 7(1):1-12.
Kraemer, J., Thieme, P., Hadiaty, R. K., & Herder, F. (2019). Structure of the andropodium of the viviparous halfbeak genus Nomorhamphus (Atherinomorpha: Beloniformes: Zenarchopteridae), endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 67(1):247-259.
Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li, M., Knyaz, C., & Tamura, K. (2018). MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Molecular biology and evolution, 35(6):1547-1549.
Kusumah, R. V., Kusrini, E., & Fahmi, M. R. (2016). Biology, potential, and efforts to cultivate the julung-julung Zenarchopteridae as ornamental fish endemic to Indonesia. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Ikan Ke 8, 8(1):303-313.
Lawelle, S. A., Asriyana, & Nofrianto, A. B. (2021). Morphometrics and growth patterns of halfbeak fish (Nomorhamphus sp.) in Moramo River, South Konawe Regency. E3S Web of Conferences, 322(1):1-9.
Mahrus, H., Al Idrus, A., & Zulkifli, L. (2022). Molecular phylogeny of anchovy (Clupeiformes: Clupeidae) from Southern Waters of Lombok using mitochondrial DNA CO1 gene sequences. Biodiversitas, 23(5):2433-2443.
Mondal, P., Hira, S. K., & Saha, N. C. (2019). The functional role of melatonin and kisspeptin in fish reproduction. Innovare Journal of Science, 7(3):1-7.
Nirmala, K., Hastuti, Y. P., & Ghukos, T. P. (2022). Effectiveness of LED light spectrum exposure on growth performance and color quality of juvenile polka dot grouper (Cromileptes altivelis). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1033(1):1-12.
Novita, R. D., Nirmala, K., Supriyono, E., & Ardi, I. (2019). The effectiveness of LED light spectrum exposure on growth and color performance of orange clownfish, Amphiprion percula (Lacèpède, 1802) juvenile. Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia, 19(1):127-141.
NRC (National Research Council). (1983). Nutrient requirement of warmwater fishes and shellfishes. Washington, DC: The National Academy Press.
Nuryanto, A., Komalawati, N., & Sugiharto. (2019). Genetic diversity assessment of Hemibagrus nemurus from rivers in Java Island, Indonesia using COI gene. Biodiversitas, 20(9):2707-2717.
Oakley, A. E., Clifton, D. K., & Steiner, R. A. (2009). Kisspeptin signaling in the brain. Endocrine Reviews, 30(6):713-743.
Roesma, D. I., Tjong, D. H., Janra, M. N., & Aidil, D. R. (2022). DNA Barcoding of freshwater fish in Siberut Island, Mentawai Archipelago, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 23(4):1795-1806.
Sánchez-Vázquez, F. J., López-Olmeda, J. F., Vera, L. M., Migaud, H., López-Patiño, M. A., & Míguez, J. M. (2019). Environmental cycles, melatonin, and circadian control of stress response in fish. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 10(1):1-18.
Senarat, S., Jiraungkoorskul, W., Kettratad, J., Kaneko, G., Poolprasert, P., & Para, C. (2019). Histological analysis of reproductive system of Dermogenys pusilla (Kuhl & Van Hasselt, 1823) from Thailand: Sperm existence in ovary indicates viviparous reproductive mode. Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology, 13(3):185-195.
Septriani, S., Kiddane, A. T., Kim, G. Do, & Brown, C. L. (2021). Effects of different wavelength from light emitting diodes (LEDs) on growth and development in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae. E3S Web of Conferences, 322(1):1-19.
Shin, H. S., Habibi, H. R., & Choi, C. Y. (2014). The environmental regulation of maturation in goldfish, Carassius Auratus: Effects of various LED light spectra. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - A Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 168(1):17-24.
Shin, H. S., Kim, N. N., Choi, Y. J., Habibi, H. R., Kim, J. W., & Choi, C. Y. (2013). Light-emitting diode spectral sensitivity relationship with reproductive parameters and ovarian maturation in yellowtail damselfish, Chrysiptera parasema. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 127(1):108-113.
Sierra-Flores, R., Davie, A., Grant, B., Carboni, S., Atack, T., & Migaud, H. (2016). Effects of light spectrum and tank background colour on Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae performances. Aquaculture, 450(1):6-13.
Tao, W., Cheng, Y., Liu, Z., Yan, S., & Long, X. (2013). Effects of light intensity on growth, immune response, plasma cortisol and fatty acid composition of juvenile Epinephelus coioides reared in artificial seawater. Aquaculture, 414(1):135-139.
Teletchea, F. (2019). Fish domestication: An overview. In F. Teletchea (Ed.), Animal domestication. (pp. 1-23). IntechOpen.
Teletchea, F. (2021). Fish domestication in aquaculture: 10 unanswered questions. Animal Frontiers, 11(3):87-91.
Villamizar, N., Blanco-Vives, B., Migaud, H., Davie, A., Carboni, S., & Sánchez-Vázquez, F. J. (2011). Effects of light during early larval development of some aquacultured teleosts: A review. Aquaculture, 315(12):86-94.
Virgiawan, S. Y., Samidjan, I., & Hastuti, S. (2020). The effect of differences wavelength of light on color quality of clown loach (Chromobotia macracanthus Blekeer) with recirculation system. Sains Akuakultur Tropis, 4(2):119-128.
Weatherley, A., & Gill, H. S. (1987). The biology of fish growth. Academic Press. ISBN 13: 9780127390550
Wedemeyer, G. A., & Yasutake, W. T. (1977). Clinical methods for the assessment of the effects of environmental stress on fish health. In Technical Paper.
Wei, H., Geng, L., Shang, X., Li, L., Ma, B., Zhang, Y., Li, W., & Xu, W. (2023). Comparison genetic diversity and population structure of four Pseudaspius leptocephalus populations in Heilongjiang River Basin based on mitochondrial COI gene. Frontiers in Marine Science, 10(1):1-11.
Yun, S. G., Kim, N. N., Shin, H. S., Choi, Y. J., Choi, J. Y., Song, J. A., & Choi, C. Y. (2015). The effects of different wavelengths of light-emitting diodes on the expression of reproduction-related genes in goldfish Carassius auratus. Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 18(2):211-220.
Zainal, S., Tellu, A. T., & Kasim, A. (2022). Morphological variations and molecular phylogeny of Oryzias sarasinorum Popta, 1905 (Ricefish) from Lake Lindu, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 23(7):3437-3442.
Zou, Y., Peng, Z., Wang, W., Liang, S., Song, C., Wang, L., Wu, Z., Wu, Q., Tan, X., & You, F. (2022). The stimulation effects of green light on the growth, testicular development and stress of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture, 546(1):1-8.