Red dragon (Hylocereus polyrhizus) fruit peel extract increased the motility and viability of spermatozoa of hypercholesterolemic rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Downloads
This study aims to determine the effect of red dragon (Hylocereus polyrhizus) fruit peel extract (RDFPE) on spermatozoa motility and viability of hypercholesterolemic rats (Rattus norvegicus) as a model. Twenty male rats were randomly divided into negative control (NC), positive control (PC), treatment 1 (T1), treatment 2 (T2), and treatment 3 (T3) groups. All rats were given 2 mL of high cholesterol feed orally every day for 28 days. On day-15, all rats were measured for their blood cholesterol levels, followed by treatment for 14 days. Rats in the NC, PC, T1, T2, and T3 groups were treated with 1% Na-CMC, Simvastatin 10 mg/kg BW, and RDFPE of 500, 750, and 1000 mg/kg BW, respectively. On day-29, all rats were sacrificed to evaluate spermatozoa viability and motility. The results showed that spermatozoa viability and motility in the hypercholesterolemic rats (NC) group were the lowest (p <0.05) among the groups. Treatment of hypercholesterolemic rats with Simvastatin 10 mg/kg BW (PC) group showed higher (p <0.05) spermatozoa viability and motility compared to the NC group. RDFPE dose of 1000 mg/kg BW (T3 group) resulted in higher (p <0.05) spermatozoa viability and motility compared to other RDFPE doses (T1 and T2) and the control (NC) groups, and it was similar (p >0.05) compared with the Simvastatin treated (PC) group. It could be concluded that the administration of 1000 mg/kg BW ethanolic extract of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel increased the viability and motility of spermatozoa of hypercholesterolemic rats (Rattus norvegicus) which were the same as the group of rats given Simvastatin 10 mg/kg BW.
Alahmar AT. 2019. Role of Oxidative Stress in Male Infertility: An Updated Review. J Hum Reprod Sci. 12:4-18.
Alaydrus, S., Pagal, F. R. P. A., Dermiati, T., dan Ervianingsih, E. 2020. Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Biji Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolesteroltotal Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Model Hiperkolesterolemia Diabetes. Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan, 2(4), 405-412.
Amaral A. 2022. Energy metabolism in mammalian sperm motility. WIREs Mech Dis. 14: e1569.
Amiya E. 2016. Interaction of hyperlipidemia and reactive oxygen species: Insights from the lipid-raft platform. World J Cardiol. 8:689-694.
Ardilla D, Taufik M, Tarigan DM, Thamrin M, Razali M, Siregar HS. 2018. Analysis Of Lard In The Meat Processed Using UV - Vis Spectroscopy. Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian 1: 111-116.
Ayala A, Muñoz MF, Argüelles S. 2014. Lipid peroxidation: production, metabolism, and signaling mechanisms of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2014:360438.
Aziz FA, Noor MM. 2010. Ethanol extract of dragon fruit and its effects on sperm quality and histology of the testes in mice. Biomed Res. 21: 126-130.
Bashandy AS. 2007. Effect of Fixed Oil of Nigella sativa on Male Fertility in Normal and Hyperlipidemic Rats. Int J Pharmacol, 3(1), 27-33.
Bin-Jumah MN. 2018. Monolluma quadrangula Protects against Oxidative Stress and Modulates LDL Receptor and Fatty Acid Synthase Gene Expression in Hypercholesterolemic Rats. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018:3914384.
Cantika Y, Fauziah C, Setyaningsih Y. 2019. Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) terhadap gambaran spermatogenesis tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) Galur Wistar yang diinduksi pakan tinggi lemak. Jurnal Profesi Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan 13: 62-73.
Comfeed J. 2021. Broiler Finisher BR II Pellet. https://www.japfacomfeed.co.id/id/product-and-services/product-detail/broiler-finisherbr-ii-pellet [accessed 26 August 2022]
Cunha LF, Ongaratto MA, Endres M, Barschak AG. 2021. Modelling hypercholesterolaemia in rats using high cholesterol diet. Int J Exp Pathol. 102:74-79.
Dutta S, Majzoub A, Agarwal A. 2019. Oxidative stress and sperm function: A systematic review on evaluation and management. Arab J Urol. 17: 87-97.
Febrianti N, Purbosari PP, Hertiani T, Moeljopawiro S, Haryana SM. 2020.Antioxidant Potency of Red Dragon Fruit Flesh and Peel Prepared by Different Methods. Curr Nutr Food Sci. 16: 1106 - 1111.
Feng Y, Zhu Y, Chen X, Sha J, Fan L, Chen Q. 2005. Effects of Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemia on Testosterone-Regulated Protein Expression in Mice Liver. J nanosci nanotechnol. 5(8), 1273-1276.
Ferramosca A, Conte A, Moscatelli N, Zara V. 2016. A High-Fat Diet Negatively Affects Rat Sperm Mitochondrial Respiration. Andrology. 4(3):520–525.
Fraser L, Gorszczaruk K, Strzezek J. 2001. Relationship between motility and membrane integrity of boar spermatozoa in media varying in osmolality. Reprod Domest Anim. 36: 325-9.
Harahap NS, Simatupang N. 2020. Potential of The Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) as an Antioxidant in Strenuous Exercise. Biotechnology; 19(1): 18-22.
Harini M, Astirin OK. 2009. Blood cholesterol levels of hypercholesterolemic rat (Rattus norvegicus) after VCO treatment. Nusantara Bioscience 1: 53-58.
Hendra R, Masdeatresa L, Abdulah R, Haryani Y. 2016. Red dragon peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) as antioxidant source. AIP Conference Proceedings 2243: 030007.
Juan CA, Pérez de la Lastra JM, Plou FJ, Pérez-Lebeña E. 2021. The Chemistry of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Revisited: Outlining Their Role in Biological Macromolecules (DNA, Lipids and Proteins) and Induced Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci. 22 :4642.
Kusmita L, Puspitaningrum I. 2020. Antihipercolesterolemia Effects and Acute Toxicity Test of Pheophytin on Green Tea. J Trop Pharm Chem. 5: 9-14.
Mortazavi M, Salehi I, Alizadeh Z, Vahabian M, Roushandeh AM. 2014. Protective Effects of Antioxidants on Sperm Parameters and Seminiferous Tubules Epithelium in High Fat-Fed Rats Motahareh. J Reprod Infertil. 15(1):22–28.
Nguyen TTK, Laosinwattana C, Teerarak M, Pilasombut K. 2017. Potential antioxidant and lipid peroxidation inhibition of Phyllanthus acidus leaf extract in minced pork. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 30: 1323-1331.
Nugroho LD, Soelistijo SA, Nugraha J. 2021. The Combination Effect of Simvastatin and Virgin Coconut Oilon Total Cholesterol Levels in Dislipidemic Male Albino Rats(Rattus norvegicus). JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga XII: 66-71.
Nuranisa K, Fauziah C, Suciati Y. 2020. The Effect of Giving Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Extract on Spermatozoa Motility in White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar Line With High Fat Induction. Biomed J Indones. 6(3), 51-62.
Octaviani NAA, Utomo U, Sunarso A, Hamid IS, Madyawati SP,Suprayogi TW. 2021. The effect of Moringa (Moringa oleiferaLam.) leafextract on the motility and viability of spermatozoaof heat exposed rats (Rattus norvegicus). Ovozoa 10: 65-71.
Paśko P, Galanty A, Zagrodzki P, Luksirikul P, Barasch D, Nemirovski A, Gorinstein S. 2021. Dragon Fruits as a Reservoir of Natural Polyphenolics with Chemopreventive Properties. Molecules. 26:2158.
Prastyaningtyas K, Kurnijasanti R, Susilowati S, Suprayogi TW, Eliyani H, Sugihartuti R. 2021. The effect of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel extract on Leydigcells number, seminiferous tubules diameter, and testicular weight ofmice(Mus musculus) exposed to heat. Ovozoa 10: 18-24.
Radi R. 2018. Oxygen radicals, nitric oxide, and peroxynitrite: Redox pathways in molecular medicine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 115:5839-5848.
Sharifi-Rad M, Anil Kumar NV, Zucca P, Varoni EM, Dini L, Panzarini E, Rajkovic J, Tsouh Fokou PV, Azzini E, Peluso I, Prakash Mishra A, Nigam M, El Rayess Y, Beyrouthy ME, Polito L, Iriti M, Martins N, Martorell M, Docea AO, Setzer WN, Calina D, Cho WC, Sharifi-Rad J. 2020. Lifestyle, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Back and Forth in the Pathophysiology of Chronic Diseases. Front Physiol. 11:694.
Silviani MS, Sukmanadi M, Susilowati S, Madyawati SP, Luqman EM, Kurnijasanti R. 2022. Green tea (Camellia sinensis) leaf extract maintained spermatozoaplasma membrane integrity, viability, and motility of mice (Mus musculus) exposed to cigarette smoke. Ovozoa 11: 130-136
Singh UN, Kumar S, Dhakal S. 2017. Study of oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemia. Int J Contemp Med Res. 4 :1204-1207.
Sudarman A, Noviani D, Mutia R. 2018. Performa dan Profil Kuning Telur Itik yang Diberi Pakan dengan Suplemen Tepung Bawang Putih dan Limbah Udang. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia. 23: 227-232.
Talreja O, Kerndt CC, Cassagnol M. Simvastatin. 2022 Jun 6. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing;
Ullah A, Munir S, Badshah SL, Khan N, Ghani L, Poulson BG, Emwas AH, Jaremko M. 2020. Important Flavonoids and Their Role as a Therapeutic Agent. Molecules. 25: 5243.
Van Tran L, Malla BA, Kumar S, Tyagi AK. 2016. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Male Ruminant Reproduction - A Review. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 30: 622-637.
Vetter CM, Miller JE, Crawford LM, Armstrong MJ, Clair JH, Conner MW, Wise LD, Skopek TR. 1998. Comparison of motility and membrane integrity to assess rat sperm viability. Reprod Toxicol. 12:105-14.
Widyawati R, Ayomi BDS. 2015. The Comparison of Ketamine, Xylazine and Ketamine-Xylazine Combination to Rat (Rattus norvegicus). VITEK: Bidang Kedokteran Hewan 5:42-5.
Zheng Y-Z, Deng G, Zhang Y-C. 2022. Multiple free radical scavenging reactions of flavonoids. Dyes Pigm. 198: 109877
Copyright (c) 2023 Niken Meyliana Sari, Gandul Atik Yuliani, Eduardus Bimo Aksono Herupradoto, Nanik Hidayatik, Nurhusien Yimer, Tatik Hernawati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Ovozoa by Unair is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
1. The journal allows the author to hold the copyright of the article without restrictions.
2. The journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restrictions
3. The legal formal aspect of journal publication accessibility refers to Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike (CC BY-SA).
4. The Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike (CC BY-SA) license allows re-distribution and re-use of a licensed work on the conditions that the creator is appropriately credited and that any derivative work is made available under "the same, similar or a compatible license”. Other than the conditions mentioned above, the editorial board is not responsible for copyright violation.
