Asupan Makanan dan Intensitas Latihan Kaitannya dengan Fungsi Ginjal dan Komposisi Tubuh pada Komunitas Gym
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Latar Belakang: Perilaku self-made diet dan intensitas latihan yang tinggi pada anggota komunitas akan berdampak buruk bagi fungsi ginjal dan komposisi tubuh mereka.
Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan asupan makan dan intensitas latihan dengan fungsi ginjal dan komposisi tubuh pada komunitas gym.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional yang dilakukan di beberapa pusat kebugaran di Kota Semarang dan melibatkan 54 pria anggota komunitas gym berusia 19-53 tahun. Data komposisi tubuh diperoleh menggunakan BIA. Kuesioner digunakan untuk memperoleh data intensitas latihan (durasi, frekuensi dan lama Latihan) sedangkan asupan makan menggunakan metode Semi Quantitative Food FrequencyQuestionnaire. Pemeriksaan kadar ureum menggunakan metode kalorimetri sedangkan kadar kreatinin menggunakan metode jaffe reaction. Analisis data menggunakan uji Rank-Spearman dan uji regresi linear berganda.
Hasil: Mayoritas subjek memiliki frekuensi latihan sebanyak 5-7 kali dalam seminggu dengan rerata durasi 105,5±35,8 menit per kunjungan. Sebesar 85,2% subjek memiliki kadar ureum yang tinggi. Terdapat korelasi negatif antara asupan energi, protein, lemak dan durasi latihan dengan persen lemak tubuh. Semakin tinggi lama latihan dan semakin rendah asupan karbohirat maka massa otot dan tulang akan semakin meningkat. Peningkatan asupan protein dan lemak serta frekuensi latihan per pekan dapat meningkatkan kadar ureum dalam tubuh. Hasil uji multivariat menyatakan bahwa frekuensi latihan berpengaruh terhadap kadar ureum (21,5%) sedangkan durasi latihan memiliki pengaruh sebesar 9,7% terhadap persen lemak tubuh.
Kesimpulan: Semakin lama frekuensi latihan per pekan maka semakin tinggi kadar ureum dalam darah dan semakin lama durasi latihan tiap kunjungan maka semakin rendah persen lemak tubuh.
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