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Microplastic Distribution in Beach Sediments: Comparison Between the North and South Waters of East Java Island, Indonesia
Corresponding Author(s) : Defri Yona
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Highlight Research
- This is the first study of microplastics in four beach sediments in the east part of Java Island.
- Bahak and Pesona Beach are connected to Java Sea (north part), while Tambak Rejo and Balekambang Beach are connected to Indian Ocean (south part).
- A higher microplastics were observed on the beaches of the north part compared to the south part.
- Local sources and oceanographic parameters of the beaches influence the presence of microplastics in the study areas.
Abstract
Microplastic pollution in beach sediments has been studied intensively worldwide, but there are limited studies in the beach areas of the eastern Java Island, Indonesia. This study aimed to identify the distribution of microplastic in four beaches in Indonesia: Bahak, Pesona, Tambakrejo, and Balekambang. The first two beaches are located in the north of Java Island and influenced by the east Java Sea, while the last two are located in the south and influenced by the Indian Ocean. Sediment samples were collected along the strandline inside the 1 í— 1 m transect quadrate in the top 5 cm using a stainless-steel shovel. Microplastic and granulometry analyses were conducted to obtain microplastic and sediment grain size data, respectively. Physical parameters of the beaches, such as wind, wave, and ocean current, were calculated using Copernicus and NASA (PODAAC), respectively. The total abundance of microplastic ranged from 54.7 ± 48.6 to 103.3 ± 4.7 particles kg-1 with the following descending order: Bahak > Pesona > Tambakrejo > Balekambang. Although there was no statistically significant difference in microplastic concentrations among the beaches, the beaches connected to the Java Sea accumulated more microplastics than the ones connected to the Indian Ocean. Fiber and blue were the dominating type and colors of microplastic. The results confirm that the distribution of microplastic is associated with the morphology of the beaches and the local source.
Keywords
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References
Alomar, C., Estarellas, F., & Deudero, S. (2016). Microplastics in the Mediterranean Sea: Deposition in coastal shallow sediments, spatial variation and preferential grain size. Marine Environmental Research, 115:1-10.
Andrady, A. L. (2011). Microplastics in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62(8):1596-1605.
Asadi, M. A., Hertika, A. M. S., Iranawati, F., & Yuwandita, A. Y. (2019). Microplastics in the sediment of intertidal areas of Lamongan, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux, 12(4):1065-1073.
Asensio-Montesinos, Pranzini, E., Martínez-Martínez, J., Cinelli, I., Anfuso, G., & Corbí, H. (2020). The origin of sand and its colour on the south-eastern coast of Spain: Implications for erosion management. Water, 12(2):377.
Auta, H. S., Emenike, C. U., & Fauziah, S. H. (2017). Distribution and importance of microplastics in the marine environment: A review of the sources, fate, effects, and potential solutions. Environment International, 102:165-176.
Baalkhuyur, Fadiyah M., Bin Dohaish, E. J. A., Elhalwagy, M. E. A., Alikunhi, N. M., AlSuwailem, A. M., Rí¸stad, A., Coker, D. J., Berumen, M. L., & Duarte, C. M. (2018). Microplastic in the gastrointestinal tract of fishes along the Saudi Arabian Red Sea coast. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 131(Part A):407-15.
Bergillos, R. J., Ortega-Sánchez, M., Masselink, G., & Losada, M. A. (2016). Morpho-sedimentary dynamics of a micro-tidal mixed sand and gravel beach, Playa Granada, southern Spain. Marine Geology, 379:28-38.
Bessa, F., Barria, P., Neto, J. M., Frias, J. P. G. L., Otero, V., Sobral, P., & Marques, J. C. (2018). Occurrence of microplastics in commercial fish from a natural estuarine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 128:575-584.
Bridson, J. H., Patel, M., Lewis, A., Gaw, S., & Parker, K. (2020). Microplastic contamination in Auckland (New Zealand) beach sediments. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 151:110867.
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Cardenes, V., & Rubio, Á. (2017). Measure of the color of beach nourishment sands: A case study from the Belgium coast. Trabajos de Geología, 35(35):7.
Carvalho, J. P. S., Silva, T. S., & Costa, M. F. (2021). Distribution, characteristics and short-term variability of microplastics in beach sediment of Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 166:112212.
Castro, R. O., da Silva, M. L., Marques, M. R. C., & de Araújo, F. V. (2020). Spatio-temporal evaluation of macro, meso and microplastics in surface waters, bottom and beach sediments of two embayments in Niterói, RJ, Brazil. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 160:111537.
Chai, B., Li, Y., Wang, L., Zhang, X. T., Wan, Y. P., Chen, F., Ma, J., Lan, W., & Pan, K. (2022). Microplastic contamination on the beaches of south China. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9:863652.
Chen, M. C., & Chen, T. H. (2020). Spatial and seasonal distribution of microplastics on sandy beaches along the coast of the Hengchun Peninsula, Taiwan. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 151:110861.
Cordova, M. R., Purwiyanto, A. I. S., & Suteja, Y. (2019). Abundance and characteristics of microplastics in the northern coastal waters of Surabaya, Indonesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 142:183-188.
Faizal, I., Purba, N., Martasuganda, M., Abimanyu, A., Akbar, M., & Sugianto, E. (2022). Physical Control on Marine Debris Spreading around Muara Gembong, Jakarta Bay. Journal of Ecological Engineering, 23(8), 12-20.
GESAMP. (2015). Sources, fate and effects of microplastics in the marine environment: A global assessment. London: International Maritime Organization.
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Graca, B., Szewe, K., Zakrzewska, D., Dołęga, A., & Szezerbowska-Boruchowska, M. (2017). Sources and fate of microplastics in marine and beach sediments of the Southern Baltic Sea-a preliminary study. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24:7650-7661.
Handyman, D., Purba, N., Pranowo, W., Harahap, S., Dante, I., & Yuliadi, L. (2018). Microplastics patch based on hydrodynamic modeling in the north Indramayu, Java Sea. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 28(1):135-142.
Harris, P. T. (2020). The fate of microplastic in marine sedimentary environments: A review and synthesis. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 158:111398.
Hidalgo-Ruz, V., Gutow, L., Thompson, R. C., & Thiel, M. (2012). Microplastics in the marine environment: A review of the methods used for identification and quantification. Environmental Science & Technology, 46(6):3060-3075.
Idrus, F. A., Roslan, N. S., & Harith, M. N. (2022). Occurrence of macro- and microplastics on Pasir Pandak Beach, Serawak, Malaysia. Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 14(2):214-230.
Isobe, A., Azuma, T., Cordova, M. R., Cózar, A., Galgani, F., Hagita, R., Kanhai, L. D., Imai, K., Iwasaki, S., Kako, S., Kozlovskii, N., Lusher, A. L., Mason, S. A., Michida, Y., Mituhasi, T., Morii, Y., Mukai, T., Popova, A., Shimizu, K., Tokai, T., Uchida, K., Yagi, M., & Zhang, W. (2021). A multilevel dataset of microplastic abundance in the world's upper ocean and the Laurentian Great Lakes. Microplastics and Nanoplastics, 1(16):1-14.
Kalay, D. E., Lopulissa, F., & Noya, Y. A. (2018). Analisis kemiringan lereng pantai dan distribusi sedimen pantai perairan negeri Waai Kecamatan Salahatu Provinsi Maluku. Jurnal Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan, 14(1):10-18.
Khatmullina, L., & Isachenko, I. (2017). Settling velocity of microplastic particles of regular shapes. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 114(2):871-880.
Kim, I. S., Chae, D. H., Kim, S. K., Choi, S., & Woo, S. B. (2015). Factors influencing the spatial variation of microplastics on high-tidal coastal beaches in Korea. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 69(3):299-309.
Kor, K., Ghazilou, A., & Ershadifar, H. (2020). Microplastic pollution in the littoral sediments of the northern part of the Oman Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 155:111166.
Kor, K., & Mehdinia, A. (2020). Neustonic microplastic pollution in the Persian Gulf. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 150:110665.
Kosore, C., Ojwang, L., Maghanga, J., Kamau, J., Kimeli, A., Omukoto, J., Ngisiag'e, N., Mwaluma, J., Ong'ada, H., Magori, C., & Ndirui, E. (2018). Occurrence and ingestion of microplastics by zooplankton in Kenya's marine environment: First documented evidence. African Journal of Marine Science, 40(3):225-234.
Laglbauer, B. J. L., Franco-Santos, R. M., Andreu-Cazenave, M., Brunelli, L., Papadatou, M., Palatinus, A., Grego, M., & Deprez, T. (2014). Macrodebris and microplastics from beaches in Slovenia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 89(1–2):356-366.
Liebezeit, G., & Dubaish, F. (2012). Microplastics in beaches of the East Frisian Islands Spiekeroog and Kachelotplate. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 89(1):213-217.
Lo, H. S., Xu, X., Wong, C. Y., & Cheung, S. G. (2018). Comparisons of microplastic pollution between mudflats and sandy beaches in Hong Kong. Environmental Pollution, 236:208-217.
Ma'mun, A., Priatna, A., Hidayat, T., & Nurulludin, N. (2017). Distribution and potential resources of pelagic fish in fisheries management area of the Republic Indonesia 573 (FMA 5730) Indian Ocean. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia, 23(1):47-56.
Manbohi, A., Mehdinia, A., Rahnama, R., Dehbandi, R., & Hamzehpour, A. (2021). Spatial distribution of microplastics in sandy beach and inshore-offshore sediments of the southern Caspian Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 169:112578.
Masura, B., & Foster, A. (2015). Laboratory methods for the analysis of microplastics in the marine environment: Recommendations for quantifying synthetic particles in waters and sediments. Maryland: NOAA Technical Memorandum.
Mauludy, M. S., Yunanto, A., & Yona, D. (2019). Microplastic abundances in the sediment of coastal beaches in Badung, Bali. Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada, 21(2):73-78.
Naji, A., Esmaili, Z., Mason, S. A., & Vethaak, A. D. (2017). The occurrence of microplastic contamination in littoral sediments of the Persian Gulf, Iran. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(25):20459-20468.
Piehl, S., Mitterwallner, V., Atwood, E. C., & Bochow, M. (2019). Abundance and distribution of large microplastics (1-5 mm) within beach sediments at the Po River Delta, northeast Italy. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 149:110515.
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