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Profil Terumbu Karang Pulau Kangean, Kabupaten Sumenep, Indonesia
[Coral Reef Profile of Kangean Island, Sumenep District, Indonesia]
Corresponding Author(s) : Apri Arisandi
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 10 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal ilmiah perikanan dan kelautan
Abstract
Abstrak
Ekosistem terumbu karang merupakan bagian dari ekosistem laut yang penting, karena menjadi sumber kehidupan bagi biota laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan data berupa persentase penutupan karang hidup, lifeform dan jumlah karang. Kelimpahan ikan karang dan kondisi perairan kepulauan yang terdapat ekosistem terumbu karang bisa menjadi dasar untuk mendukung kesesuaian suatu kawasan menjadi objek ekowisata bahari. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan juli-Agustus dan dilakukan menggunakan metode Line Intercept Transect (LIT), sepanjang 50 meter sejajar garis pantai pada kedalaman 3 dan 10 meter. Persentase penutupan karang mengacu kepada lifeform dan data ikan karang diambil menggunakan metode pencacahan langsung (visual census). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase tutupan karang berada pada kisaran 60-73% yang artinya kondisi ekosistem terumbu karang di Pulau Kangean adalah baik, dan merupakan habitat yang nyaman bagi ikan-ikan karang seperti spesies Apogon sp., Chelmon sp., Chaetodon sp., Lethrinus sp., dan Cheilodipterus sp.
Abstract
Coral reef ecosystems are part of an important marine ecosystem because they are a source of life for marine biota. This study was aimed to collect data in the form of a percentage of live coral cover, lifeform and number of corals. The abundance of reef fish and the condition of island waters that have coral reef ecosystems can be the basis for supporting the suitability of an area to become an object of marine ecotourism. The study was conducted in July-August and was carried out using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method, along 50 meters parallel to the coastline at depths of 3 and 10 meters. The percentage of coral cover refers to the lifeform and data on reef fish are taken using the visual census method. The results showed that the percentage of coral cover was in the range of 60-73%, which means that the condition of the coral reef ecosystem in Kangean Island is good, and is a comfortable habitat for reef fish such as the species Apogon sp., Chelmon sp., Chaetodon sp., Lethrinus sp., and Cheilodipterus sp.
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- Beger, M., Jones, G. P., & Munday, P. L. (2003). Conservation of coral reef biodiversity: a comparison of reserve selection procedures for corals and fishes. Biological Conservation, 111(1):53-62.
- Buddemeier, R. W., Baker, A. C., Fautin, D. G., & Jacobs, J. R. (2004). The Adaptive Hypothesis of Bleaching. Proceeding of the coral health and to disease meeting held in Israel 23-29 April 2003. Israel. 25 pp.
- Chabanet, P., Ralambondrainy, H., Amanieu, M., Faure, G., & Galzin, R. (1997). Relationships between coral reef substrata and fish. Coral reefs, 16(2): 93-102.
- English, S., Wilkinson, C., & Baker, V., (1994). Survey Manual for Tropical Marine Resources. ASEAN – Australia Marine Science Project Living Coastal Resources. Australia
- Gomes, E. D., & Yap, H. T., (1988). Monitoring Reef Condition In Coral Reefs Management Hand Book. Second Edition. RA Kenchngton and Brydget ET Hudson (Editor). Jakarta. Unisco Regional Office For Science
- McClanahan, T. R. (2002). The near future of coral reefs. Environmental conservation, 29(4):460-483.
- Oceana. (2006). The Corals of The Mediterranean. Fondazione Segna. Italia. 86 pp.
- Johannes, R. E. (1975). Pollution and Degradation of Coral Reef Communities. In Elsevier Oceanography Series (Vol. 12, pp. 13-51). Elsevier.
- Setiawan, F. (2008). Identivikasi Ikan Karang Dan Invertebrata Laut. Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan. Bogor. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
- Suharsono. (2010). Perspektif Biologi dalam Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Hayati Laut Berkelanjutan. Pidato Ilmiah disampaikan dalam rangka Peringatan Dies Natalis ke-55 Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gajah Mada.
- Suharsono. (1998). Distribusi, Metodologi dan Status Terumbu Karang di Indonesia. Konperensi Nasional I Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Lautan Indonesia. PKSPL. IPB
- Sulma, S. (2000). Aplikasi Penginderaan Jauh dalaln Kajian Sebaran Karakteristik Dasar Perairan Ekosistem Terumbu Karang di Kepulauan Kangean, Jawa Timur. Biologi reproduksidan ekologi. Minamandiri Press. Pekanbaru
- Westmacott, S., Teleki, K., Wells, S., & West, J. (2000). Pengelolaan terumbu karang yang telah memutih dan rusak kritis. Yayasan Terumbu Karang Indonesia.
- Wilson, J. R., & Green, A. L. (2009). Metode Pemantauan Biologi Untuk Menilai Kesehatan Terumbu Karang dan Efektivitas Pengelolaan Kawasan Konservasi Laut di Indonesia (Terjemahan). The Nature Concervancy, Indonesia Marine Program. Versi, 1.
- Yulianda, F. (2004). Pedoman analisis penentuan status kawasan konservasi laut. Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
References
Beger, M., Jones, G. P., & Munday, P. L. (2003). Conservation of coral reef biodiversity: a comparison of reserve selection procedures for corals and fishes. Biological Conservation, 111(1):53-62.
Buddemeier, R. W., Baker, A. C., Fautin, D. G., & Jacobs, J. R. (2004). The Adaptive Hypothesis of Bleaching. Proceeding of the coral health and to disease meeting held in Israel 23-29 April 2003. Israel. 25 pp.
Chabanet, P., Ralambondrainy, H., Amanieu, M., Faure, G., & Galzin, R. (1997). Relationships between coral reef substrata and fish. Coral reefs, 16(2): 93-102.
English, S., Wilkinson, C., & Baker, V., (1994). Survey Manual for Tropical Marine Resources. ASEAN – Australia Marine Science Project Living Coastal Resources. Australia
Gomes, E. D., & Yap, H. T., (1988). Monitoring Reef Condition In Coral Reefs Management Hand Book. Second Edition. RA Kenchngton and Brydget ET Hudson (Editor). Jakarta. Unisco Regional Office For Science
McClanahan, T. R. (2002). The near future of coral reefs. Environmental conservation, 29(4):460-483.
Oceana. (2006). The Corals of The Mediterranean. Fondazione Segna. Italia. 86 pp.
Johannes, R. E. (1975). Pollution and Degradation of Coral Reef Communities. In Elsevier Oceanography Series (Vol. 12, pp. 13-51). Elsevier.
Setiawan, F. (2008). Identivikasi Ikan Karang Dan Invertebrata Laut. Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan. Bogor. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Suharsono. (2010). Perspektif Biologi dalam Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Hayati Laut Berkelanjutan. Pidato Ilmiah disampaikan dalam rangka Peringatan Dies Natalis ke-55 Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gajah Mada.
Suharsono. (1998). Distribusi, Metodologi dan Status Terumbu Karang di Indonesia. Konperensi Nasional I Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Lautan Indonesia. PKSPL. IPB
Sulma, S. (2000). Aplikasi Penginderaan Jauh dalaln Kajian Sebaran Karakteristik Dasar Perairan Ekosistem Terumbu Karang di Kepulauan Kangean, Jawa Timur. Biologi reproduksidan ekologi. Minamandiri Press. Pekanbaru
Westmacott, S., Teleki, K., Wells, S., & West, J. (2000). Pengelolaan terumbu karang yang telah memutih dan rusak kritis. Yayasan Terumbu Karang Indonesia.
Wilson, J. R., & Green, A. L. (2009). Metode Pemantauan Biologi Untuk Menilai Kesehatan Terumbu Karang dan Efektivitas Pengelolaan Kawasan Konservasi Laut di Indonesia (Terjemahan). The Nature Concervancy, Indonesia Marine Program. Versi, 1.
Yulianda, F. (2004). Pedoman analisis penentuan status kawasan konservasi laut. Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.