Korelasi Aktivitas Fisik dan Persen Lemak Tubuh dengan Indikator Sarkopenia
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Latar Belakang: Sarkopenia erat kaitannya dengan aktivitas fisik dan komposisi tubuh terutama persen lemak tubuh. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik dan persen lemak tubuh dengan indikator sarkopenia.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross sectional dengan 40 subjek usia 50-59 tahun yang dipilih dengan metode consecutive sampling pada warga penghuni rumah susun Karangroto. Subjek diukur tinggi badan dan berat badan untuk mengetahui status gizi. Indikator sarkopenia diamati dengan mengukur massa otot, kekuatan otot dan performa fisik. Massa otot dan persen lemak tubuh diukur dengan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA), kekuatan otot diukur dengan Electronic Hand Dynamometer, performa fisik diukur dengan tes Time Up and Go (TUG), aktivitas fisik diukur dengan kuesioner self-report International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short Form, dan asupan makanan diukur dengan kuesioner semi kuantitatif Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Analisis data menggunakan Tes Mann Whitney U, korelasi Pearson Product-Moment dan Rank Spearman.
Hasil: Sebesar 62,5%; 47,5%; 52,5%; 52,5%; 2,5%; 40%; 5% subjek secara berurutan memiliki Indeks Massa Tubuh kategori obesitas, persen lemak kategori obesitas, aktivitas fisik sedang, asupan lemak lebih, massa otot rendah, kekuatan otot rendah dan performa fisik rendah. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada massa otot dan kekuatan otot antara laki-laki dan perempuan (p<0,001). Aktivitas sedentary berkorelasi negatif dengan massa otot (r -0,434; p 0,005), serta persen lemak dengan massa otot (r -0,356; p 0,024).
Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara aktivitas sedentary dan persen lemak tubuh dengan indikator sarkopenia yaitu massa otot pada penghuni rumah susun Karangroto, Semarang.
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