Moringa Leaf Powder Improves Lipid Profiles and Aortic Thickness in Wistar Rats Model of Prediabetes Mellitus
Pemberian Serbuk Daun Kelor terhadap Perbaikan Profil Lipid dan Ketebalan Aorta pada Tikus Model Prediabetes Melitus
Downloads
Background: Consumption of beverages and processed foods with high fructose content has increased recently. This condition increases the risk of metabolic syndrome, which include insulin resistance, impaired lipid profile, and elevated blood pressure. Moringa leaves (Moringa Oleifera), with their bioactive compounds that function as antioxidants, are known to improve fat metabolism and blood glucose.
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Moringa Oleifera leaf powder and quercetin in controlling metabolic syndrome conditions by improving lipid profiles and aortic thickness in prediabetes mellitus (pre DM).
Methods: This experimental research used a post-test-only control group design approach. A total of 35 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups such as group K0 (standard feed), E1 (66% fructose probe for 16 weeks), E2 (66% fructose probe for 12 weeks), E3 (66% fructose probe + quercetin 50 mg/kgBW), and E4 (66% fructose probe + Moringa leaf powder 500 mg/kgBW). The examination method for lipid profiles involved serum extraction and enzymatic tests, weighing for white fat tissue mass, while the aorta was examined using a light microscope and histological image analysis. Data analysis used the One-Way ANOVA test.
Results: This research showed there are no difference in triglycerides, Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and white adipose tissue significantly between the treatment groups. Level of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol, and aortic thickness between the treatment groups are significant differences, with the best results sequentially in groups E2, E1, and K0.
Conclusions: The administration of Moringa leaf powder for 4 weeks showed improvements in lipid profiles and aortic thickness in prediabetes mellitus conditions.
Setyawati, V. A. V. & Rimawati, E. Pola Konsumsi Fast Food dan Serat sebagai Faktor Gizi Lebih pada Remaja. Unnes Journal of Public Health 5, 275-284 (2016).
Kemenkes. Laporan Riskesdas 2018 Nasional. (2018).
Lumbuun, N. & Kodim, N. Pengaruh Konsumsi Fruktosa pada Minuman Kemasan terhadap Toleransi Glukosa Terganggu pada Kelompok Usia Dewasa Muda di Perkotaan Indonesia. Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia 1, 19-23 (2017).
Kuswandari, L. S. Pengaruh Pemberian Diet High Fat High Fructose Modifikasi Ain-93M Terhadap Jumlah Sel Beta dan Histopatologi Pankreas Tikus Sprague Dawley Jantan Model Obesitas. (Universitas Brawijaya, 2019).
Refdanita, Musnelina, L., Teodhora & Aprianis, H. H. U. Gambaran Terapi Diabetes dengan Penyakit Penyerta Hiperlipidemia di Rumah Sakit. Jurnal Endurance 6, 103–113 (2021).
Association, A. D. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2020. Diabetes Care 43, (2020).
Pham, N. M., Eggleston K. Prevalence and Determinants of Diabetes and Prediabetes among Vietnamese Adults. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2-9 (2016)
Yudkin, J. S., Montori, V. M. The Epidemic of Pre-diabetes: The Medicine and The Politics. BMJ. 1-6 (2014).
World Health Organisation. Diabetes mellitus: Report of a WHO Study Group. World Health Organisation. GenevaSwitzerland. 25-36 (2006).
Pekerti, A. C., Kurniasari, F. N. & Kusumastuty, I. Jus Jambu Merah dan Jeruk Siam Menurunkan Trigliserida pada Wanita Dislipidemia. Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition 6, 1-9 (2019).
Wari, A. T., Muhlishoh, A., Nurzihan, N. C. Hubungan Indeks Glikemik dan Beban Glikemik Makanan Terhadap Kadar LDL Dan RLPP Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe-2. (Universitas Kusuma Husada Surakarta, 2022).
Rantung, A. A., Umboh, A. & Mantik, M. F. J. Hubungan Hiperkolestrolemia dengan Obesitas pada Siswa SMP Eben Haezar Manado. e-CliniC 2, (2014).
Alhakmani, F., Kumar, S. & Khan, S. A. Estimation of Total Phenolic Content, In-Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Flowers of Moringa Oleifera. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 3, 623-627 (2013).
Adawiyah, R., Sartika, F. & Arfianto, F. Potensi Ekstrak Akar Kalakai (Stenochlaena palutris Bedd) sebagai Antihiperlipidemia yang Diuji Secara In Vivo. Jurnal Pharmascience 7, 62-71 (2020).
Monika, A. & Lestariana, W. Pengaruh Pembeian Kombinasi Kuersetin dan Glibenklamid terhadap Kadar Kolesterl LDL pada Tikus Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. JKKI 6, 27–36 (2014).
Dwika, W., Putra, P., Agung, A., Oka Dharmayudha, G. & Sudimartini, L. M. Identifikasi Senyawa Kimia Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor. Indonesia Medicus Veterinus Oktober 5, 464-473 (2016).
Aborhyem, S., Ismail, H., Agamy, N. & Tayel, D. Effect of Moringa Oleifera on Lipid Profile in Rats. Journal of High Institute of Public Health 46, 8–14 (2016).
Romero-Nava, R., Zhou, D., Garcia, N., Ruiz-Hernandez, A., Si, Y., Sanchez-Munoz, F., et al. Evidence of Alterations in The Expression of Orphan Receptors GPR26 and GPR39 Due to The Etiology of The Metabolic Syndrome. Journal of Receptors and Signal Transduction 37, 1-8 (2017).
Villarruel-López, A., Lopez-de la Mora, D. A., Vazquez-Paulino, O. D., Puebla-Mora, A.G., Torres-Vitela, M. R., Guerrero-Quiroz, L. A., et al. Effect of Moringa Oleifera Consumption on Diabetic Rats. BMC Complement Altern Med 18, (2018).
Febrianingsih, E. Pengaruh Pemberian Diet High Fat High Fructose Aorta Tikus Sprague Dawley Jantan Model Obesitas. (Universitas Brawijaya, 2019).
Catena, C., Giacchetti, G., Novello, M., Colussi, G., Cavarape, A., Sechi, L. A. Cellular Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance in Rats with Fructose-induced Hypertension. Am J Hypertens 16, 973-978 (2003).
Siregar NS. Karbohidrat. Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan 13, 38–44 (2014).
Rahmawati, Y. W., Ulfa, E. U. & Rachmawati, E. Pengaruh Ekstrak Metanol Daun Kayu Kuning (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) terhadap Histopatologi Aorta Tikus Wistar Hiperlipidemia. e-Jurnal Pustaka Kesehatan 4, 241–248 (2016).
Astuti, I. L. P. Pengaruh Pemberian Diet High Fat High Fructose Modifikasi AIN-93M terhadap Kadar Serum Trigliserida dan Low Density Lipoprotein pada Tikus (Rattus Norvegicus) Galur Sprague Dawley Jantan. (Universitas Brawijaya, 2019).
Masnunah. Efek Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) Terhadap Kadar Trigliserida Tikus Jantan Galur Sprague Dawley Diabetes Melitus yang Diinduksi Streptozotocin. (Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2019).
Horton, J. D., Goldstein, J. L. & Brown, M. S. SREBPs: Activators of The Complete Program of Cholesterol and Fatty Acid Synthesis in The Liver. Journal of Clinical Investigation 109, 1125–1131 (2002).
Haris, S. & Tambunan, T. Hipertensi pada Sindrom Metabolik. Sari Pediatri 11, 257-263 (2016).
Hassing, H. C., Surendran, R. P., Mooij, H. L., Stroes, E. S., Nieuwdorp, M., Dallinga-Thie, G. M. Pathophysiology of hypertriglyceridemia. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 1821, 826–832 (2012).
Pitoyo, F. L. H. & Fatmawati, H. The Effect of Quercetine to Reduced Trigliceride and Blood Glucose Level in Animal Model Diet-Induced Obesity. Jurnal Medika Planta 1, 36–46 (2012).
Cahyani, M. Formulasi dan Uji Pelepasan Kuersetin Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium Guajava L.) pada Mikroemulsi dalam Basis Gel Menggunakan Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) sebagai Fase Minyak. (Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, 2017).
Wardani, E., Sunaryo, H., Sopiani, M. Z. & Fatahillah, M. Aktivitas Antihipertrigliserida dan Antihiperglikemik Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) pada Tikus Hipertrigliserida Diabetes. Media Farmasi 12, 199–212 (2015).
Handayani, S., Saryono & Hernayanti. Effek Daun Alpukat (Persea Americana M.) dan Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera L.) terhadap Peningkatan Kadar HDL Pada Model Tikus Putih Hiperlipidemia. Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman 12, 47-55 (2017).
Utami, T. B. Aktivitas Penghambat Enzim HMG-CoA Reduktase dan Peroksidasi Lipid dari Sepuluh Tanaman Indonesia Secara Ex Vivo. (Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Bandung, 2017).
Satrianawaty, L. D., Sumarno, T. M. & Prabowo, S. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) Terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Hdl Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Jantan Galur Wistar Hiperglikemia dengan Induksi Aloksan. Jurnal Medical Hang Tuah 17, 30-43 (2019)
Agustina, D. & Murwani R, H. Pengaruh Pemberian Jus Biji Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) Terhadap Rasio Kolesterol LDL:HDL Tikus Sprague Dawley Dislipidemia. Journal of Nutrition College 2, 302–311 (2013).
Lin M, Zhang J, & Chen X. Bioactive flavonoids in Moringa Oleifera and Their Health-promoting Properties. J Funct Foods 47, 469-479 (2018).
Malau, S. R. Hubungan Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa dengan Profil Lipid pada Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. (Universitas HKBP Nommensen Medan, 2014).
Pratiwi, W. R., Hediningsih, Y. & Isworo, J. T. Hubungan Kadar Glukosa Darah Dengan Kadar HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Jurnal Labora Medika 5, 29–34 (2021).
Maulana, A. R., Seto, P. & Rahmat, B. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) terhadap Rasio Kadar LDL/HDL Kolesterol pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Dislipidemia. (Universitas Mataram, 2017).
Wahyu, B. & Aryu, C. Perbedaan Kadar Kolesterol Total dan Trigiserida sebelum dan setelah Pemberian Sari Daun Cincau Hijau (Premna Oblongifolia Merr) pada Tikus Dislipidemia. Journal of Nutrition College 2, 118–125 (2013).
Putri, S. R. & A, D. I. Obesitas sebagai Faktor Resiko Peningkatan Kadar Trigliserida. Jurnal Majority 4, 78–82 (2015).
Wulandari, L., Nugraha, A. S. & Azhari, N. P. Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antidiabetes Ekstrak Daun Kepundung (Baccaurea racemosa Muell.Arg.) secara In Vitro. Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis 7, 60-68 (2020).
Umarudin, Susanti, R. & Yuniastuti, A. Efektifitas Ekstrak Tanin Seledri Terhadap Profil Lipid Tikus Putih Hiperkolesterolemi. Unnes Journal of Life Science 1, 78–85 (2012).
Zulviyati. Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antihiperlipidemia Ekstrak Daun Kepuh (Sterculia foetida): Metode DPPH dan Hambatan Lipase In Vitro. (Universitas Jember, 2015).
Susanti, N., Rahmawati, E. & Kristanti, R. A. Efek Diet Tinggi Fruktosa terhadap Profil Lipid Tikus Rattus Rattus norvegicus Strain Wistar. Journal of Islamic Medicine 3, 26–35 (2019).
Rajesh, R. & Venugopal, S. High Fructose Diet-induced Metabolic Syndrome and The Functional Abnormalities in The Liver and Kidney oOf Wistar Albino Rats. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol 11, 156–159 (2020).
Zuhdi, F. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Air (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total dan Trigliserida Serum Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Strain Wistar yang Diberi Diet Aterogenik. (Universitas Brawijaya, 2016).
Wardhani, T. M. Pemanfaatan Tanaman Kelor (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) sebagai Sumber Terapi Preventif dan Kuratif pada Pasien Perlemakan Hepar dengan Sindrom Metabolik. SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal 1, 1-12 (2020).
Maryani, P. E., Ulfa, E. U. & Rachmawati, E. Pengaruh Ekstrak Metanol Daun Kayu Kuning (Arcangelisia flava ( L.) Merr.) terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total dan Trigliserida Tikus Hiperlipidemia. e-Jurnal Pustaka Kesehatan 4, 241–248 (2016).
Zulviana, E., Rahman, N. & Supriadi, S. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Buah Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolestrol pada Darah Hewan Mencit (Mus musculus). Jurnal Akademika Kimia 6, 15-20 (2017).
Bursac, B. N., Vasiljevic, A. D., Nestorovic, N. M., Velickovic, N. A., Milutinovic, D. D. V., Matic, G. M., et al. High-fructose Diet Leads to Visceral Adiposity and Hypothalamic Leptin Resistance in Male Rats - Do Glucocorticoids Play A Role? Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 25, 1-9 (2014).
Burmeister, M. A., Ayala, J., Drucker, D. J. & Ayala, J. E. Central Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor-induced Anorexia Requires Glucose Metabolism-mediated Suppression of AMPK and Is Impaired by Central Fructose. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 304, 677-685 (2013).
Zwick, R. K., Guerrero-Juarez, C. F., Horsley, V. & Plikus, M. V. Anatomical, Physiological, and Functional Diversity of Adipose Tissue. Cell Metabolism 27, 68-83 (2018).
Item, F. & Konrad, D. Visceral Fat and Metabolic Inflammation: The Portal Theory Revisited. Obesity Reviews 13, 30-39 (2012).
Ardiansyah, A. Aktivitas Antioksidan Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera Lam) Segar dan Kering dengan Metode DPPH. (Universitas Bhakti Kencana, 2021).
Yoo, S. Y., Ahn, H. & Park, Y. K. High Dietary Fructose Intake on Cardiovascular Disease Related Parameters in Growing Rats. Nutrients 9, 1-12 (2017).
Rocha, V. Z. & Libby, P. Obesity, Inflammation, and Atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Cardiol 6, 399–409 (2009).
Bobryshev, Y. V., Ivanova, E. A., Chistiakov, D. A., Nikiforov, N. G. & Orekhov, A. N. Macrophages and Their Role in Atherosclerosis: Pathophysiology and Transcriptome Analysis. Biomed Res Int 2016, 1-12 (2016).
Sakakura, K., Nakano, M., Otsuka, F., Ladich, E., Kolodgie, F. D., Virmani, R. Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis Plaque Progression. Heart Lung and Circulation 22, 399–411 (2013).
Karakas, M. & Koenig, W. The Role of Inflammation in Atherosclerosis - An Update. Der Klinikarzt 39, 140–146 (2010).
Halkos, M. E., Nicholas, J., Li, S. K., Burke, J. R. & Milner, R. Endovascular Management of Blunt Abdominal Aortic Injury. Vascular 14, 223–226 (2006).
Randriamboavonjy, J. I., Heurtebise, S., Pacaud, P., Loirand, G. & Tesse, A. Moringa Oleifera Seeds Improve Aging-related Endothelial Dysfunction in Wistar Rats. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2019, 1-8 (2019).
Chumark, P., Khunawat, P., Sanvarinda, Y., Phornchirasilp, S., Morales, N. P., Phivthong-Ngam, L., et al. The In Vitro and Ex Vivo Antioxidant Properties, Hypolipidaemic and Antiatherosclerotic Activities of Water Extract of Moringa Oleifera Lam. leaves. J Ethnopharmacol 116, 439–446 (2008).
Copyright (c) 2024 Amerta Nutrition
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
AMERTA NUTR by Unair is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
1. The journal allows the author to hold the copyright of the article without restrictions.
2. The journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restrictions
3. The legal formal aspect of journal publication accessibility refers to Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike (CC BY-SA).
4. The Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike (CC BY-SA) license allows re-distribution and re-use of a licensed work on the conditions that the creator is appropriately credited and that any derivative work is made available under “the same, similar or a compatible license”. Other than the conditions mentioned above, the editorial board is not responsible for copyright violation.
