Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kualitas Diet Remaja di SMA Yadika 12 Depok
Factors Related to Diet Quality in Adolescent at Yadika 12 High School Depok
Latar Belakang: Remaja yang merupakan kelompok usia berkebutuhan gizi tinggi, saat ini mengalami triple burden of malnutrtition. Depok menjadi wilayah dengan prevalensi remaja gemuk tertinggi di Indonesia. Data menunjukan terdapat peningkatan konsumsi makanan tinggi lemak dan natrium. Perkembangan teknologi membuat masyarakat mudah mengakses makanan dari luar rumah, pada tahun 2020 penggunaan layanan pesan antar makanan masyarakat Indonesia menjadi yang tertinggi di wilayah Asia Tenggara. Hal hal tersebut tentunya dapat mempengaruhi kualitas diet remaja dan kemudian memberi efek kesehatan serta menjadi faktor risiko penyakit degeneratif.
Tujuan: Menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kualitas diet pada remaja di SMA Yadika 12 Depok.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional yang dilakukan di SMA Yadika 12 Depok dengan subjek sebanyak 108 responden yang ditentukan menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling. Variabel dependen pada penelitian ini adalah kualitas diet, variabel independennya adalah frekuensi penggunaan layanan pesan antar makanan, kebiasaan konsumsi makanan berisiko, dan pengetahuan gizi. Pengukuran kualitas diet menggunakan Diet Quality Indeks for Adolescents (DQI-A). Variabel lain diukur menggunakan kuesioner dan Food Frequency Questionaire. Analisis bivariat menggunakan Uji Spearman.
Hasil: Analisis bivariat menyatakan frekuensi penggunaan layanan pesan antar makanan (r=-0,044, p-value=0,654) tidak berhubungan dengan kualitas diet. Kebiasaan konsumsi makanan berisiko (r=-0,256, p-value=0,007) dan pengetahuan gizi (r=0,217, p-value=0,024) berhubungan dengan kualitas diet.
Kesimpulan: Kebiasaan konsumsi makanan berisiko dan pengetahuan gizi merupakan faktor yang berkaitan dengan kualitas diet remaja pada SMA Yadika 12 Depok. Pemberian intervensi serta penerapan pedoman gizi seimbang serta informasi gizi lain dapat menjadi langkah untuk meningkatkan kualitas diet remaja.
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