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Dominansi dan Diversitas Lamun dan Makrozoobenthos pada Musim Pancaroba di Pantai Bama, Taman Nasional Baluran, Situbondo
[Dominance and Diversity of Seagrass and Macrozoobenthos on Transition Season in Bama Beach, Baluran National Park, Situbondo]
Corresponding Author(s) : Sapto Andriyono
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2016): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Abstrak
Lamun merupakan tanaman berbiji terbuka yang mampu tumbuh dan beradaptasi dengan lingkungan bersalinitas tinggi serta dapat berasosiasi dengan benthos. Keberadaan lamun di perairan merupakan salah satu indikator tingkat kesuburan dan produktivitas perairan. Terdapat perbedaan dominansi antara musim hujan dan musim kemarau, sehingga enelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menghitung dominansi dan keanekaragaman lamun dan makrozoobenthos pada musim pancaroba di Pantai Bama, TN Baluran, Situbondo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu line transect quadran dengan 5 line transek quadran yang masing-masingnya dipasang 5 plot transek. Ditemukan jenis lamun yang memiliki nilai kelimpahan tertinggi di Pantai Bama, TN Baluran pada musim pancaroba yaitu C. serrulata dengan nilai 48,90% , dan makrozoobenthos dari genus Holothuria dengan nilai 52,06%. Nilai Indeks dominansi (D) mengkategorikan Pantai Bama, TN Baluran dalam perairan dengan dominansi sedang. Sedangkan berdasarkan Indeks keanekaragaman (H') mengkategorikan Pantai Bama, TN Baluran dalam perairan dengan keanekaragaman rendah. Musim peralihan berpengaruh terhadap jenis, kelimpahan relatif, indeks dominansi dan indeks keanekaragaman lamun dan makrozoobenthos di Pantai Bama, TN Baluran dibandingkan musim kemarau dan hujan. Perlu dilakukan survei secara berkala untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman organisme yang berkaitan dengan produktivitas perairan.
Abstract
Seagrass is the one of plants that can grow and adaptataion with high salinity environment and associated with benthos. Seagrass presence that indicate the productivity and prosperity in waters environtment. Found a different dominance between rainy season and dry season, so The aims of this study to identify and count dominance and diversity of seagrass and macrozoobenthos on the transition season in Bama Beach, TN Baluran, Situbondo. The method was used is line transect quadran with 5 quadran each of which installed 5 plot transect. Seagrass species was founded that have the highest abundance values in Bama Beach, TN Baluran the transitional season is C. serrulata with a value of 48.90%, and the macrozoobenthos that found from genus Holothuria with a value of 52.06%. Dominance index value (D) categorize Bama Beach, TN Baluran with moderate dominance. While based on the diversity index (H ') categorizes Bama Beach, TN Baluran with low diversity. Transitional seasons affect the type, relative abundance, dominance index and seagrass diversity index and macrozoobenthos in Bama Beach, TN Baluran than the dry and rainy seasons. Needed to investigate the diversity of organism that related to primary produktivity.
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- Bay, K., Province, C., Satumanatpan, S., Thummikkapong, S., & Kanongdate, K. (2011). Biodiversity of benthic fauna in the seagrass ecosystem. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 33(3), 341–348.
- Dhahiyat, Y., Sinuhaji, D., & Hamdani, H. (2003). Komunitas ikan karang di daerah transplantasi karang. Jurnal Ikhtiologi Indonesia, 3(2), 87–94.
- Kamermans, P., Hemminga, M. A, Tack, J. F., Mateo, M. A, Marb, N., Mtolera, M.,Van Daele, T. (2002). Groundwater effects on diversity and abundance of lagoonal seagrasses in Kenya and on Zanzibar Island (East Africa). Marine Ecology Progress Series, 231, 75–83.
- Kay, R.,Alder, J. (2005). Coastal Planning and Management. Taylor & Francis (Vol. 4). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Kendall, M. S., Bauer, L. J., & Jeffrey, C. F. G. (2007). Characterization of the Benthos, Marine Debris and Bottom Fish at Gray ' s Reef National Marine Sanctuary, (March).
- Komarawidjaja, W. (2005). Status Makro Invertebrata. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan P3TL-BPPT, 6(3), 446– 451.
- Lampe, K. (2013). Holothurian density , distribution and diversity comparing sites with different degrees of exploitation in the shallow lagoons of Mauritius. SPC Beche-de-Mer Information Bulletin, (May), 23–29.
- Manikandan S, Ganesapandian S, Singh M, & Ak, K. (2011). Seagrass Diversity and Associated Flora and Fauna in the Coral Reef Ecosystem of the Gulf of Mannar, Southeast Coast of India. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, 3(4), 321–326.
- Mawazin, & Subiakto, A. (2013). Keanekaragaman dan Komposisi Jenis Permudaan Alam Hutan Rawa Gambut Bekas Tebangan di Riau. Indonesian Forest Rehabilitation Journal, 1(1), 59–73.
- Nakanishi, Y., Hosoya, S., Arai, N., Katsukoshi, K., & Adulyanukosol, K. (2006). The distribution of seagrass meadows and dugong feeding trails in the dry season around Talibong Island , Trang Province , Thailand. Proceeding of the 3rd International Symposium on SEASTAR 2000 and Asian Biologging Science, Bangkok, Thailand, 55–62.
- Pham, H. T., Nguyen, H. D., Nguyen, X. H., & Nguyen, T. L. (2006). Study on the Variation of Seagrass Population in Coastal Waters of Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. Coastal Marine Sciences, 30(1), 167–173.
- Phinrub, W., Montien-art, B., Promya, J., & Suvarnaraksha, A. (2014). Fish diversity and fish community in seagrass beds at Ban Pak Klong , Trang Province , Thailand. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2(2), 197–201.
- Rappe, R. (2010). Struktur Komunitas Ikan Pada Padang Lamun Yang Berbeda Di Pulau Barrang Lompo. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 2(2). 69-79 S.
- Rahmawati, A. Irawan, I. H. Supriyadi, M. H. A. (2014). Panduan Monitoring Padang Lamun. Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia.Jakarta. 45p.
- Saenger, P., Gartside, D., & Funge-Smith, S. (2013). A review of mangrove and seagrass ecosystems and their linkage to fisheries and fisheries management. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 61p.
- Tagliapietra, D., & Sigovini, M. (2010). Benthic fauna : collection and identification of macrobenthic invertebrates. NEAR Curriculum in Natural Environmental Sciences. Terre et Environ, 88, 253–261.
- Tuapattinaja, M. A., Pattikawa, J. A., & Natan, Y. (2014). Community structure of Echinoderms at Tanjung Tiram, inner Ambon bay, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux, 7(5), 351–356.
- Vibol, O., Nam, S., Puy, L., & Wath, P. S. (2010). Seagrass Diversity and Distribution in Coastal Area of Kampot Province, Cambodia. International Journal of Environmental and Rural Development, 1(2), 112–117.
References
Bay, K., Province, C., Satumanatpan, S., Thummikkapong, S., & Kanongdate, K. (2011). Biodiversity of benthic fauna in the seagrass ecosystem. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 33(3), 341–348.
Dhahiyat, Y., Sinuhaji, D., & Hamdani, H. (2003). Komunitas ikan karang di daerah transplantasi karang. Jurnal Ikhtiologi Indonesia, 3(2), 87–94.
Kamermans, P., Hemminga, M. A, Tack, J. F., Mateo, M. A, Marb, N., Mtolera, M.,Van Daele, T. (2002). Groundwater effects on diversity and abundance of lagoonal seagrasses in Kenya and on Zanzibar Island (East Africa). Marine Ecology Progress Series, 231, 75–83.
Kay, R.,Alder, J. (2005). Coastal Planning and Management. Taylor & Francis (Vol. 4). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kendall, M. S., Bauer, L. J., & Jeffrey, C. F. G. (2007). Characterization of the Benthos, Marine Debris and Bottom Fish at Gray ' s Reef National Marine Sanctuary, (March).
Komarawidjaja, W. (2005). Status Makro Invertebrata. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan P3TL-BPPT, 6(3), 446– 451.
Lampe, K. (2013). Holothurian density , distribution and diversity comparing sites with different degrees of exploitation in the shallow lagoons of Mauritius. SPC Beche-de-Mer Information Bulletin, (May), 23–29.
Manikandan S, Ganesapandian S, Singh M, & Ak, K. (2011). Seagrass Diversity and Associated Flora and Fauna in the Coral Reef Ecosystem of the Gulf of Mannar, Southeast Coast of India. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, 3(4), 321–326.
Mawazin, & Subiakto, A. (2013). Keanekaragaman dan Komposisi Jenis Permudaan Alam Hutan Rawa Gambut Bekas Tebangan di Riau. Indonesian Forest Rehabilitation Journal, 1(1), 59–73.
Nakanishi, Y., Hosoya, S., Arai, N., Katsukoshi, K., & Adulyanukosol, K. (2006). The distribution of seagrass meadows and dugong feeding trails in the dry season around Talibong Island , Trang Province , Thailand. Proceeding of the 3rd International Symposium on SEASTAR 2000 and Asian Biologging Science, Bangkok, Thailand, 55–62.
Pham, H. T., Nguyen, H. D., Nguyen, X. H., & Nguyen, T. L. (2006). Study on the Variation of Seagrass Population in Coastal Waters of Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. Coastal Marine Sciences, 30(1), 167–173.
Phinrub, W., Montien-art, B., Promya, J., & Suvarnaraksha, A. (2014). Fish diversity and fish community in seagrass beds at Ban Pak Klong , Trang Province , Thailand. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2(2), 197–201.
Rappe, R. (2010). Struktur Komunitas Ikan Pada Padang Lamun Yang Berbeda Di Pulau Barrang Lompo. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 2(2). 69-79 S.
Rahmawati, A. Irawan, I. H. Supriyadi, M. H. A. (2014). Panduan Monitoring Padang Lamun. Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia.Jakarta. 45p.
Saenger, P., Gartside, D., & Funge-Smith, S. (2013). A review of mangrove and seagrass ecosystems and their linkage to fisheries and fisheries management. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 61p.
Tagliapietra, D., & Sigovini, M. (2010). Benthic fauna : collection and identification of macrobenthic invertebrates. NEAR Curriculum in Natural Environmental Sciences. Terre et Environ, 88, 253–261.
Tuapattinaja, M. A., Pattikawa, J. A., & Natan, Y. (2014). Community structure of Echinoderms at Tanjung Tiram, inner Ambon bay, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux, 7(5), 351–356.
Vibol, O., Nam, S., Puy, L., & Wath, P. S. (2010). Seagrass Diversity and Distribution in Coastal Area of Kampot Province, Cambodia. International Journal of Environmental and Rural Development, 1(2), 112–117.