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Uji Aktivitas Antifungi Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper betle L) terhadap Saprolegnia sp. Secara In Vitro
[Antifungal Activities Test Of Betel Leaf Extract (Piper betle L) On Saprolegnia sp. By In Vitro]
Corresponding Author(s) : Rahayu Kusdarwati
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2013): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Abstract
Saprolegniasis is a mycotic disease caused by Saprolegnia sp. that usually attacking wild fish and farming fish. Saprolegnia sp. cause a lot of harm in process of the fish cultivation. Prevention and treatment of the common practice is use chemical drugs, but the use of these chemicals tend to be environmentally unfriendly and there are has karsinogenik effect. Therefore, the use of traditional medicines is one of alternative to control Saprolegnia sp. safer than chemical drugs. Green betel leaf contains phenolic compounds and tannins are efficacious as antifungal agent. This study aims to prove the antifungal activity of extracts of betel leaf (Piper betle L) for Saprolegnia sp., and to know the minimum concentration of betel leaf extract (Piper betle L) as antifungal for Saprolegnia sp. The design of this experiment is used completely randomized design (CRD) with 11 treatments and 3 replications. This study used the dilution method through the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration determination (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). The concentration of the extract used was 50% (0.5 g/ml), 25% (0.25 g/ml), 12.5% (0.125 g/ml), 6.25% (0.0625 g/ml), 3.13% (0.0313 g/ml), 1.56% (0.0156 g/ml), 0.78% (0.0078 g/ml), 0.39% (0.0039 g/ml), 0.2% (0.002 g/ml) of betel leaf extract. A positive control containing 2 ml of 3% hydrogen peroxide were added fungal suspension until 4 ml Negative control containing 2 ml of 10% DMSO were added fungal suspension until 4 ml. The main parameters in this study is the value of optical density (OD) for MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) test and the absence of Saprolegnia sp. growing on SDA media for MFC (Minimum Fungicidal Concentration) test. 0.20% (0.002g/ml) concentration of of betel leaf extract is the minimum concentration that can inhibit the growth of Saprolegnia sp. MFC test results showed concentrations of 0.78% (0.0078 g/ml) betel leaf extract is the minimum concentration that can kill Saprolegnia sp.
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- Akbar, J. 2010. Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine Palmifolia Merr) Terhadap Penyembuhan Infeksi Jamur Saprolegnia Sp, Pada Ikan Nila. Jurusan Budi Daya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. Banjarbaru
- Aprilia, F. 2010. Efektifitas Ekstrak Jahe (Zingiber Officinale Rosc.) 3,13% Dibandingkan Ketokonazol 2% Terhadap Pertumbuhan Malassezia Sp. PadaKetombe. Skripsi. Program Pendidikan Sarjana Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro.
- Bahry B, Setiabudy R. 1995. Obat Jamur. Di Dalam: Sulistia GG, Rianto S, Frans DS, Purwantyastuti, Nafrialdi, editor. Farmakologi dan Terapi. Ed ke-4. Jakarta: Gaya Baru. hlm 560-570
- Heyne. 1987. Tumbuhan Berguna Indonesia. Jilid II. Cetakan 1. Badan Litbang Kehutanan. Jakarta. Hal: 622-627.
- Jawetz E. 1998. Farmakologi dasar dan klinik. Ed VI. Penerbit Buku Kedokteran, EGC. Jakarta.
- Mayer, K. 2005. Saprolegnia: There's A Fungus Among Us. OSU Department Of Fisheries And Wildlife. Http://Www.Tnfish.Org/Disease/Saprolegnia.Pdf
- Michel. C and Blanc, G. 2001. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Methodology i n Aquaculture. Aquaculture, 196: 311-318.
- Montgomery, H.J., C.M. Monreal., J.C. Young., K.A. Seifert. 2000. Determinination Of Soil Fungal Biomass From Soil Ergosterol Analyses. University Of Waterloo, Land Resource Unit, Brandon Research Station, Agriculture And Agri-Food Canada, University Of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.Scpfrc, Agriculture And Agri-Food Canada, Ecorc, Agriculture And Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa,Canada.
- Nurswida, I. 2002. Efektivitas Dekok Sirih Hijau dan Sirih Kuning Dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Candida albicans (uji In Vitro). Skripsi. Universitas Brawijaya.Malang.
- Nuryati, S., F.B.P. Sari., dan Taukhid, 2009, identifikasi dan uji postulat Koch cendawan penyebab penyakit pada ikan gurame. Proram studi budidaya perairan. Fakultas perikanan dan ilmu kelautan. Institute pertanian bogor. Bogor. Hal:21-27
- Rahmah, N Dan Aditya Rahman. 2010. Uji Fungistatik Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper Betle L) Terhadap Candida Albicans. 1Dinas Perikanan Dan Kelautan Pemerintahan Daerah Propinsi Kalimantan Selata. Program Studi Biologi Fakultas MIPA UNLAM Banjarbaru Kalimantan Selatan. Banjarbaru.
- Ronald,A., Sacher, dan Richard, A. Mc.Pherson. 2000. Tinjauan klinis hasil pemeriksaan , Laboratorium. Penerbit buku kedokteran EGC. Jakarta. Hal:114.
- Trifena, D. 2007. Aktifitas Kitinase Dan Sifat Antijamur Actinomycetes, Serratia Marcescens Serta Getah Pohon Karet. Skripsi. Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Institut Tekhnologi Bandung. Bandung.
- Woo, P.T.K And Bruno. 1999. Fish Disease And Disorder Volume 3 Viral Bacterial And Fungal Infection. CABI Publishing, New York. 599.643 Hal
- Yuasa, K., Novita, P., Meliya, B., Edi, B.K. 2003. Panduan Diagnose Penyakit Ikan, Teknik Diagnose Penyakit Ikan Budidaya Air Tawar Di Indonesia. Japan International Cooperation Agency. Balai Budidaya Air Tawar Jambi. Jambi
- Yuniar, V.2009. Toksisitas Merkuri Hidup, Pertumbuhan, Gambaran Darah Dan Kerusakan Organ Pada Departemen Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan (Hg) Terhadap Tingkat Kelangsungan Ikan Nila Oreochromis Niloticus. Skripsi. Departemen Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan Budidaya Perairan Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor
References
Akbar, J. 2010. Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine Palmifolia Merr) Terhadap Penyembuhan Infeksi Jamur Saprolegnia Sp, Pada Ikan Nila. Jurusan Budi Daya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. Banjarbaru
Aprilia, F. 2010. Efektifitas Ekstrak Jahe (Zingiber Officinale Rosc.) 3,13% Dibandingkan Ketokonazol 2% Terhadap Pertumbuhan Malassezia Sp. PadaKetombe. Skripsi. Program Pendidikan Sarjana Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro.
Bahry B, Setiabudy R. 1995. Obat Jamur. Di Dalam: Sulistia GG, Rianto S, Frans DS, Purwantyastuti, Nafrialdi, editor. Farmakologi dan Terapi. Ed ke-4. Jakarta: Gaya Baru. hlm 560-570
Heyne. 1987. Tumbuhan Berguna Indonesia. Jilid II. Cetakan 1. Badan Litbang Kehutanan. Jakarta. Hal: 622-627.
Jawetz E. 1998. Farmakologi dasar dan klinik. Ed VI. Penerbit Buku Kedokteran, EGC. Jakarta.
Mayer, K. 2005. Saprolegnia: There's A Fungus Among Us. OSU Department Of Fisheries And Wildlife. Http://Www.Tnfish.Org/Disease/Saprolegnia.Pdf
Michel. C and Blanc, G. 2001. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Methodology i n Aquaculture. Aquaculture, 196: 311-318.
Montgomery, H.J., C.M. Monreal., J.C. Young., K.A. Seifert. 2000. Determinination Of Soil Fungal Biomass From Soil Ergosterol Analyses. University Of Waterloo, Land Resource Unit, Brandon Research Station, Agriculture And Agri-Food Canada, University Of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.Scpfrc, Agriculture And Agri-Food Canada, Ecorc, Agriculture And Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa,Canada.
Nurswida, I. 2002. Efektivitas Dekok Sirih Hijau dan Sirih Kuning Dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Candida albicans (uji In Vitro). Skripsi. Universitas Brawijaya.Malang.
Nuryati, S., F.B.P. Sari., dan Taukhid, 2009, identifikasi dan uji postulat Koch cendawan penyebab penyakit pada ikan gurame. Proram studi budidaya perairan. Fakultas perikanan dan ilmu kelautan. Institute pertanian bogor. Bogor. Hal:21-27
Rahmah, N Dan Aditya Rahman. 2010. Uji Fungistatik Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper Betle L) Terhadap Candida Albicans. 1Dinas Perikanan Dan Kelautan Pemerintahan Daerah Propinsi Kalimantan Selata. Program Studi Biologi Fakultas MIPA UNLAM Banjarbaru Kalimantan Selatan. Banjarbaru.
Ronald,A., Sacher, dan Richard, A. Mc.Pherson. 2000. Tinjauan klinis hasil pemeriksaan , Laboratorium. Penerbit buku kedokteran EGC. Jakarta. Hal:114.
Trifena, D. 2007. Aktifitas Kitinase Dan Sifat Antijamur Actinomycetes, Serratia Marcescens Serta Getah Pohon Karet. Skripsi. Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Institut Tekhnologi Bandung. Bandung.
Woo, P.T.K And Bruno. 1999. Fish Disease And Disorder Volume 3 Viral Bacterial And Fungal Infection. CABI Publishing, New York. 599.643 Hal
Yuasa, K., Novita, P., Meliya, B., Edi, B.K. 2003. Panduan Diagnose Penyakit Ikan, Teknik Diagnose Penyakit Ikan Budidaya Air Tawar Di Indonesia. Japan International Cooperation Agency. Balai Budidaya Air Tawar Jambi. Jambi
Yuniar, V.2009. Toksisitas Merkuri Hidup, Pertumbuhan, Gambaran Darah Dan Kerusakan Organ Pada Departemen Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan (Hg) Terhadap Tingkat Kelangsungan Ikan Nila Oreochromis Niloticus. Skripsi. Departemen Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan Budidaya Perairan Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor