The Relationship Between the Age of Toddlers, the Provision of Formula Milk, and Residence Location with the Occurrence of Diarrhoea: An Analysis of DHS Data
Hubungan antara Usia Balita, Pemberian Susu Formula, dan Tempat Tinggal dengan Kejadian Diare: Sebuah Studi Analisis Data DHS
Downloads
Background: Approximately 16% of mortality in children under five years old is associated with diarrhoea. In Ghana, diarrhoea is the third most common cause of death among infants. Ghana is one of the countries in Africa with an estimated 1,700 deaths due to diarrhoea in infants.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between toddlers' age, formula milk consumption, residence location, and diarrhoea occurrence.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, analytical, observational study. The data was obtained from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) database in 2019. The total number of respondents in the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) was 8,362 individuals. Meanwhile, the total number of respondents who meet the inclusion criteria is 2,263 toddlers.
Results: This study demonstrated a significant relationship between the occurrence of diarrhoea in toddlers and characteristics related to the toddler's age (p-value<0.001; OR=0.696; 95% CI=0.579-0.837), formula milk consumption (p-value<0.001; OR=2.056; 95% CI=1.629-2.596), and residence location (p-value<0.001; OR=1.719; 95% CI=1.326-2.245).
Conclusions: Based on the results of the study, the incidence of diarrhoea in toddlers was correlated with the age of the toddler, formula feeding, and location of residence. Development of diarrhoea research will be needed in relation to health promotion in preventing diarrhoeal diseases.
George, C. M. et al. Diarrhoea Prevalence and Child Growth Faltering Are Associated with Subsequent Adverse Child Developmental Outcomes in Bangladesh (CHoBI7 Program). American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 106, 233–238 (2022). DOI 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0767
Asamoah, A., Ameme, D. K., Sackey, S. O., Nyarko, K. M. & Afari, E. A. Diarrhoea morbidity patterns in Central Region of Ghana. Pan African Medical Journal 25, (2016). DOI 10.11604/PAMJ.SUPP.2016.25.1.6261
George, C. M. et al. Diarrhoea Prevalence and Child Growth Faltering Are Associated with Subsequent Adverse Child Developmental Outcomes in Bangladesh (CHoBI7 Program). American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 106, 233–238 (2022). DOI 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0767
Lu, T. et al. Chinese Pediatric Tuina on Children with Acute Diarrhoea: A Randomised Sham-Controlled Trial. Health Qual Life Outcomes 19, (2021). DOI 10.1186/s12955-020-01636-1
Widad, G., Benvenuto, A. F., Benvenuto, A. F., Ronanarasafa, R., & Supartha, M. (2022). Hubungan Pemberian Susu Formula dengan Kejadian Diare pada Bayi Usia 0-6 Bulan. Jurnal Ilmiah STIKES Kendal, 12, 543–550. https://journal2.stikeskendal.ac.id/index.php/PSKM/article/view/346
Asare, E. O., Warren, J. L. & Pitzer, V. E. Spatiotemporal Patterns of Diarrhoea Incidence in Ghana and the Impact of Meteorological and Socio-Demographic Factors. Frontiers in Epidemiology 2, (2022). DOI 10.3389/fepid.2022.871232
Darmika, A. & Agus, I. K. Karakteristik Penderita Diare Pada Anak Balita di Kecamatan Tabanan Tahun 2013. e-jurnal medika 5, 1–5 (2016). DOI:10.15562/ism.v10i2.194
Halim, I. Pola Tatalaksana Diare Akut pada Anak Usia 1-24 Bulan di Poliklinik Puskesmas Tanjung Pinang Ivan Halim Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Tanjung Pinang, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia. vol. 227 http://www.docstoc.com/docs/19707850/Laporan-Hasil-Riset-Kesehatan-Dasar-%28RISKESDAS%29- (2015).
Sari, R. A. & Sartika, R. A. D. Determinan Kejadian Diare pada Anak Balita umur 6-59 bulan di Kecamatan Moyo Utara Kabupaten Sumbawa, NTB Tahun 2019. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas 7, 110–116 (2021). DOI 10.25311/keskom.vol7.iss1.872
Shati, A. A. et al. Occurrence of diarrhoea and feeding practices among children below two years of age in southwestern Saudi Arabia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 17, (2020). DOI 10.3390/ijerph17030722
Karambu, S., Matiru, V., Kiptoo, M. & Oundo, J. Characterization and factors associated with diarrhoeal diseases caused by enteric bacterial pathogens among children aged five years and below attending Igembe District Hospital, Kenya. Pan African Medical Journal 16, (2013). DOI 10.11604/pamj.2013.16.37.2947
Yuniarti, E. & Vinnata, N. N. Hubungan Pendidikan dan Pengetahuan Pemberian Susu Formula terhadap Kejadian Diare pada Anak Usia 0-2 Tahun. Jurnal STIKES CITRA DELIMA 4, 1–5 (2020). DOI 10.33862/citradelima
Rosyidah S. 2021. Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Lama Perawatan Pasien Diare Akut pada Anak yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Karsa Husada Batu. (Skripsi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim: Malang). Diakses dari http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/38591/.
Martin, C. R., Ling, P. R. & Blackburn, G. L. Review of infant feeding: Key features of breast milk and infant formula. Nutrients vol. 8 (5):279 (2016). DOI 10.3390/nu8050279
Sinaga, E. W., Lubis, R. & Lubis, Z. Hubungan Pemberian Asi Eksklusif Dengan Kejadian Diare Di Puskesmas Pulo Brayan. Jurnal Muara 2, 409–415 (2018). DOI: https://doi.org/10.24912/jmstkik.v2i2.1537
Herawati, R. & Murni, C. Hubungan Pemberian Susu Formula Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Bayi Usia 0-6 Bulan Di Desa Koto Tinggi Kecamatan Rambah Kabupaten Rokan Hulu. Jurnal Maternity and Neonatal vol. 2 (2018). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v3i2.4477
Hayati, K. & Simanullang, G. E. Hubungan Pemberian Susu Formula Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Bayi Usia 1-6 Bulan Di Desa Tambak Cekur Kecamatan Serbajadi Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Tahun 2019. Jurnal Keperawatan Dan Fisioterapi (JKF) 1, 20–26 (2019). DOI 10.35451/jkf.v1i2.153
Kasasiah, A. & Hendiana, S. N. A. Incidence of Diarrhoea in Toddlers at Karyasari Village, Rengasdengklok Sub-District, Karawang Regency and its correlation to Formula Milk Feeding. PharmaCine 1, 9–15 (2020). DOI: https://doi.org/10.35706/pc.v1i1.4408
Khasanah, N. A. & Sulistyawati, W. Hubungan Pemberian Susu Formula dengan Kejadian Diare pada Bayi Usia 0 – 6 Bulan di Desa Gayaman Kecamatan Mojoanyar Kabupaten Mojokerto. Journal for Quality in Women’s Health 1, (2018). DOI 10.30994/jqwh.v1i2.9
Abu, M. & Codjoe, S. N. A. Experience and future perceived risk of floods and diarrhoeal disease in urban poor communities in Accra, Ghana. Int J Environ Res Public Health 15, (2018). DOI 10.3390/ijerph15122830
Inggerit & Ernawati. Hubungan susu formula dan MP-ASI terhadap kejadian diare pada anak usia 6 bulan sampai 2 tahun di Puskesmas Kelurahan Tanjung Duren Selatan periode 1 Juli-31 Agustus 2014. Tarumanagara Medical Journal vol. 1 (2018). DOI: https://doi.org/10.24912/tmj.v1i1.2522
Netty, Rabiathul, S. & Qariati, N. I. Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap, Dan Iklan Susu Formula Dengan Pemberian Asi Ekslusif di Wilayah Puskesmas Rawat Inap Cempaka Kota BanjarbarU. JURKESSIA 9, 91–98 (2019). https://journal.stikeshb.ac.id/index.php/jurkessia/article/view/177
Rahmah, B. & Widyastutik, O. Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pemberian Susu Formula pada Bayi Usia 0- 6 Bulan di Puskesmas Karya Mulia Kota Pontianak. Jurnal Mahasiswa Dan Penelitian Kesehatan Faktor, 7(1), 44–50. JUMANTIK 7, 44–50 (2020). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29406/jjum.v7i1.2158
Dimas Saputra, J., Syakirah Wandaputri, I., Idris, J. A. & Amalia, R. Hubungan Pemberian Susu Formula Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Balita Di Indonesia: A Systematic Review. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai 3, 153–161 (2022). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v3i2.4477
Knee, J. et al. Effects of an urban sanitation intervention on childhood enteric infection and diarrhoea in Maputo, Mozambique: A controlled before-and-after trial. Elife 10, (2021). DOI 10.7554/ELIFE.62278
UN-Habitat. World Cities Report: Urbanization and Development Emerging Futures. (2016). https://unhabitat.org/world-cities-report-2016
Liu, J., Kabir, F. & Manneh, J. Development and assessment of molecular diagnostic tests for 15 enteropathogens causing childhood diarrhoea: a multicentre study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 14, 716–724 (2014). doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70808-4.
Kosek, M. N. et al. Causal Pathways from Enteropathogens to Environmental Enteropathy: Findings from the MAL-ED Birth Cohort Study. EBioMedicine 18, 109–117 (2017). DOI 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.02.024
Rogawski, E. T. et al. Determinants and impact of Giardia infection in the MAL-ED birth cohort's first two years of life. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 6, 153–160 (2017). DOI 10.1093/jpids/piw082
Parker, E. P. K. et al. Causes of impaired oral vaccine efficacy in developing countries. Future Microbiology vol. 13 97–118 Preprint at https://doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2017-0128 (2018).
Fink, G. & Hill, K. Slum Residence and Child Health in Developing Countries. DUKE University Press 51, 1175–1197 (2014). doi: 10.1007/s13524-014-0302-0.
Getachew, A. et al. Environmental factors of diarrhoea prevalence among children under five in rural areas of North Gondar zone, Ethiopia. Ital J Pediatr 44, (2018). DOI 10.1186/s13052-018-0540-7
Eka Puji Lestari, M. & Siwiendrayanti, A. Indonesian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition Kontribusi Kondisi Fisik Lingkungan Rumah dengan Kejadian Diare dan Hubungannya terhadap Kejadian Stunting Article Info. IJPHN 1, 355–361 (2021). DOI 10.15294/ijphn.v1i3.47482
Antara, H. et al. The Relationship Between Clean Water Sources and The Incidence of Diarrhoea in Kampung Baru Resident at Ngagelrejo Wonokromo Surabaya I Made Subhawa Harsa. Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences vol. 5 (2019). DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/ams.v5i3.13813
Melviana, M., Dharma, S. & Naria, E. Hubungan Sanitasi Jamban dan Air Bersih Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Balita Di Kelurahan Terjun Kecamatan Medan Marelan Kota Medan Tahun 2014. Jurnal FKM USU 1–9 (2014). https://www.neliti.com/id/publications/14517/hubungan-sanitasi-jamban-dan-air-bersih-dengan-kejadian-diare-pada-balita-di-kel
Endawati, A., Sitorus, R. J. & Listiono, H. Hubungan Sanitasi Dasar dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pembina Kota Palembang. JIUBJ 21, 253–258 (2021). DOI 10.33087/jiubj.v21i1.1143
Copyright (c) 2024 Amerta Nutrition
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
AMERTA NUTR by Unair is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
1. The journal allows the author to hold the copyright of the article without restrictions.
2. The journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restrictions
3. The legal formal aspect of journal publication accessibility refers to Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike (CC BY-SA).
4. The Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike (CC BY-SA) license allows re-distribution and re-use of a licensed work on the conditions that the creator is appropriately credited and that any derivative work is made available under "the same, similar or a compatible license”. Other than the conditions mentioned above, the editorial board is not responsible for copyright violation.
