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Pengaruh Pemberian Probiotik Plus Herbal pada Pakan Komersil terhadap Retensi Protein dan Retensi Lemak Ikan Nila Merah (Oreochromis niloticus)
[The Effect of Addition Probiotic Plus Herbal on Commercial Feed to Protein Retention and Fat Retention Red Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) ]
Corresponding Author(s) : Muhammad Arief
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Abstract
Red tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the mainstays of the freshwater fishery which is growing rapidly in Indonesia. The production of red tilapia fish fishery experiences a significant increase from year after year which amounting from 567.078 tons in 2011 to become 695.063 tons in 2012 and 909.016 tons in 2013 ( Directorate General of Aquaculture – Ministry of Marine and Fishery, 2014). The development of red tilapia fish farming were not experiences many issues, but there is one problem that needs to be concern which is about feed problem, the feed that used in aquaculture activities is determine the production costs up to 60-70% of the total production cost incurred (Jusadi et al., 2004). Fish farming business are strongly influenced by the availability of sufficient fodder in numbers and quality to support the growth and life sustainability of fish cultivation. Feed plays an important part for the growth of the fish (Wahyudi, 2010). The feed can increase the quality of fish weight with addition of a feed additive. One of the alternatives that can be take is by adding probiotic (Anggraeni, 2012) and herbal ingredients in feed (Ariyanto et al., 2013). Research results show that the addition of probiotics plus herbs affect the digestibility of protein retention and fat retention red tilapia. Based on the research that has been done, the addition of probiotics plus herbs with a dose of 2 ml / kg of feed can be used as artificial feed supplement and as an alternative to reduce the production cost of cultivation of red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
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- Afrianto, E. dan E. Liviawaty. 2011. Beberapa Metode Budidaya Ikan. Penerbit Kanisius. Yogyakarta. hal. 14-16.
- Ahmadi, H., Iskandar dan N. Kurniawati. 2012. Pemberian Probiotik dalam Pakan terhadap Pertumbuhan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus) pada Pendederan II. Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan. 3(4): 100-102.
- Arief, M., N. Fitriani dan S. Subekti. 2014. Pengaruh Pemberian Probiotik Berbeda pada Pakan Komersial terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Efisiensi Pakan Ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias sp.). Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan. 6(1): 49-53.
- Burreau, D. P. and C. Y. Cho. 1999. Measuring Digestibility in Fish. Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory Technical Document. University of Guelph. Canada. Pp. 9.
- Direktorat Jendral Perikanan Budidaya - Kementrian Kelautan dan Perikanan. 2014. Produksi Perikanan Budidaya Mendukung Perekonomian Nasional dan Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan.
- http://www.djpb.kkp.go.id/berita.php?i d=1057 (diakses tanggal 18 Desember 2014).
- Fuller, R. 1989. A Review Probiotic in Man and Animals. J.Appl. Bac. 66: 365-378.
- Fuller, R. 1992. History and Development of Probiotics. In Probiotics the Scientific Basis. Edited by Fuller, Chapman and Hall. London. Pp. 1-7.
- Haetami, K., Abun, dan Y. Mulyani. 2008. Studi Pembuatan Probiotik BAS (Bacillus licheniformis, Aspergillus niger, dan Sacharomices cereviseae) Sebagai feed supplement serta Implikasinya terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Nila Merah. Penelitian. Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan. Universitas Padjajaran. 53 Hal.
- Lovell, T. 1989. Nutrition and Feeding of Fish. New York. Pp. 260 Maynard, L. A., J.K Loosli, H.F Hintz, R.G Warner. 1979. Animal Nutrition. Seventh Edition. Mc Graw-Hill. Book Company. New Delhi. pp. 602.
- Mundayana, Y. 2010. Fungsi Gizi dalam Pakan Ikan. Aneka Ilmu. Jakarta. Hal. 27. NRC. 1993. Nutrient Requirement of Fish. National Academy Press. Washington, D.C. pp. 48.
- Pujianti, N. A., A. Jaelani dan N. Widaningsih. Penambahan Tepung Kunyit (Curcuma domestica) dalam Ransum terhadap Daya Cerna Protein dan Bahan Kering pada Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). ZIRAA'AH 36(1): 49-59.
- Rahmat, N. 2008. Penampilan Produksi dan Kualitas Daging Kerbau dengan Penambahan Probiotik, Kunyit dan Temulawak Pada Pakan Penggemukan. Skripsi. Program Studi Teknologi Hasil Ternak. Fakultas Peternakan. IPB. Bogor. 61 Hal.
- Soeharsono. 2010. Probiotik. Widya Padjajaran. Bandung. Hal.119-123. Usman, N.N. Palinggi, dan N. A. Giri. 2003. Pemanfaatan beberapa jenis karbohidart bagi pertumbuhan dan efisiensi pakan yuwana ikan kerapu bebek (Cromileptes altivelis). Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 9(2): 21-28.
- Watanabe T. 1988. Fish Nutrition and Mariculture. Tokyo: JICA Textbook the general Aquaculture Course. Departement of Aquatic Bioscience. Tokyo University of Fisheries. Pp.
References
Afrianto, E. dan E. Liviawaty. 2011. Beberapa Metode Budidaya Ikan. Penerbit Kanisius. Yogyakarta. hal. 14-16.
Ahmadi, H., Iskandar dan N. Kurniawati. 2012. Pemberian Probiotik dalam Pakan terhadap Pertumbuhan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus) pada Pendederan II. Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan. 3(4): 100-102.
Arief, M., N. Fitriani dan S. Subekti. 2014. Pengaruh Pemberian Probiotik Berbeda pada Pakan Komersial terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Efisiensi Pakan Ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias sp.). Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan. 6(1): 49-53.
Burreau, D. P. and C. Y. Cho. 1999. Measuring Digestibility in Fish. Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory Technical Document. University of Guelph. Canada. Pp. 9.
Direktorat Jendral Perikanan Budidaya - Kementrian Kelautan dan Perikanan. 2014. Produksi Perikanan Budidaya Mendukung Perekonomian Nasional dan Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan.
http://www.djpb.kkp.go.id/berita.php?i d=1057 (diakses tanggal 18 Desember 2014).
Fuller, R. 1989. A Review Probiotic in Man and Animals. J.Appl. Bac. 66: 365-378.
Fuller, R. 1992. History and Development of Probiotics. In Probiotics the Scientific Basis. Edited by Fuller, Chapman and Hall. London. Pp. 1-7.
Haetami, K., Abun, dan Y. Mulyani. 2008. Studi Pembuatan Probiotik BAS (Bacillus licheniformis, Aspergillus niger, dan Sacharomices cereviseae) Sebagai feed supplement serta Implikasinya terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Nila Merah. Penelitian. Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan. Universitas Padjajaran. 53 Hal.
Lovell, T. 1989. Nutrition and Feeding of Fish. New York. Pp. 260 Maynard, L. A., J.K Loosli, H.F Hintz, R.G Warner. 1979. Animal Nutrition. Seventh Edition. Mc Graw-Hill. Book Company. New Delhi. pp. 602.
Mundayana, Y. 2010. Fungsi Gizi dalam Pakan Ikan. Aneka Ilmu. Jakarta. Hal. 27. NRC. 1993. Nutrient Requirement of Fish. National Academy Press. Washington, D.C. pp. 48.
Pujianti, N. A., A. Jaelani dan N. Widaningsih. Penambahan Tepung Kunyit (Curcuma domestica) dalam Ransum terhadap Daya Cerna Protein dan Bahan Kering pada Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). ZIRAA'AH 36(1): 49-59.
Rahmat, N. 2008. Penampilan Produksi dan Kualitas Daging Kerbau dengan Penambahan Probiotik, Kunyit dan Temulawak Pada Pakan Penggemukan. Skripsi. Program Studi Teknologi Hasil Ternak. Fakultas Peternakan. IPB. Bogor. 61 Hal.
Soeharsono. 2010. Probiotik. Widya Padjajaran. Bandung. Hal.119-123. Usman, N.N. Palinggi, dan N. A. Giri. 2003. Pemanfaatan beberapa jenis karbohidart bagi pertumbuhan dan efisiensi pakan yuwana ikan kerapu bebek (Cromileptes altivelis). Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 9(2): 21-28.
Watanabe T. 1988. Fish Nutrition and Mariculture. Tokyo: JICA Textbook the general Aquaculture Course. Departement of Aquatic Bioscience. Tokyo University of Fisheries. Pp.