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Uji Aktivitas Antifungi Perasan Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) terhadap Aspergilllus terreus secara In Vitro
[Antifungal Activity Test of Basil Leaves Juice (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) against Aspergilllus terreus by in Vitro]
Corresponding Author(s) : Sudarno Sudarno
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 6 No. 2 (2014): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Abstract
Aspergillus terreus is a fungus that causes aspergillosis disease. The infected fishes showed grey white patches over the body. Haemorrhagic ulceratic patches were observed on the gill and skin. The infections resulted in the death of the fishes. The use of chemicals to control fungal attack A. terreus can harm fish, the environment and humans who eat them. Treatment of fungal diseases that use a lot of chemicals that can harm the fish, the environment and humans who eat them. The use of medicinal plants is a safe way to inhibit and kill fungus growth as well as environmentally friendly. One of them uses the basil plant (Ocimum sanctum). The purpose of this study was to determine the minimum concentration of activity and basil leaf juice (O. sanctum Linn) as antifungal against A. terreus growth in vitro . The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Airlangga University in July 2013. The method used in this research that the paper disc diffusion method and diffusion pitting. The analysis used in this study is descriptive statistica. The results of research using the juice of basil leaves (O. santum) of juice concentration of 50% (2,5 ml juice of basil leaves + 2,5 ml NaCl) to concentration 100% (5 ml juice of basil leaves) did not produce a clear zone around the paper discs and pitting, it is the same as the negative control. The positive control did not show fungus growing on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium (SDA).
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- Akbar, J. 2008. Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Bunga Kecombrang (Nicolaia speciosa Horan) Terhadap Penyembuhan Infeksi Jamur Saprolegnia sp. Pada Ikan Nila Merah. Skripsi. Fakultas Perikanan Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. hal 71
- Alves, J. L., J. H. C. Woudenberg, L. L. Duarte, P. W. Crous, and R. W. Barreto. 2013. Reappraisal of The Genus Alternariaster (Dothideomycetes). The Netherlands. Persoonia. pp. 77–85.
- Balajee, S.A. 2009. Aspergillus terreus complex. Medical Mycology, 47 (Supplement 1). pp. 42-46.
- Bansod, S. and M. Rai. 2008. Antifungal Activity of Essential Oils from Indian Medicinal Plants Against Human Pathogenic Aspergillus fumigatus and A. Niger. World Journal of Medical Sciences 3 (2) : 81 – 88.
- Deak E, Wilson SD, White E, Carr JH, Balajee SA. 2009. Aspergillus terreus accessory conidia are unique in surface architecture, cell wall composition and germination kinetics. Plos One, 4: 7673.
- Dharmagadda, V. S. S., M. Tandonb, P. Vasudevan. 2005. Biocidal activity of the essential oils of Lantana camara, Ocimum sanctum and Tagetes patula. Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research. 64: 53-56.
- Hamdani, T. 2012. Uji Sensitivitas Perasan Daun Ceremai (Phyllanthus acidus L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Escherichia coli. Karya Tulis Ilmiah. Akademis Analis Kesehatan. Banda Aceh. hal 14.
- Hasbi, S. 2012. Uji Sensitivitas Perasan Daun Alpokat (Persea mericana miller) terhadap Pseudomonas sp. Metode In Vitro. Karya Tulis Ilmiah. Akademis Analis Kesehatan. Banda Aceh. hal 15
- Hashem, M. 2011. Isolation of Mycotoxinproducing Fungi from Fishes Growing in Aquacultures. Research Journal of Microbiology. ISSN 1816-4935 : 6-8.
- Kadian, R. and M. Parle. 2012. Therapeutic potential and phytopharmacology of tulsi. International Journal of Pharmacy & Life Sciences. 32(3): 422-426.
- McDonnell, G and A. Denver Russell. 1999. Antiseptics and Disinfectants: Activity, Action, and Resistance. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. pp. 153.
- Rahman, S., R. Islam, M. Kasruzzaman, K. Alam, A. H. M. Jamal. 2011. Ocimum sanctum L. : A Review of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile. American Journal of Drug Discovery and Develpment. pp. 5.
- Sari, F.Y. 2011. Daya Antibakteri Sari Buah Majapahit (Crescentia cujete L.) terhadap Bakteri Aeromonas salmonicida secara In Vitro. Skrisi. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan Universitas Airlangga. hal 104.
- Sarjono, P. R. dan N. S. Mulyani. 2007. Aktivitas Antibakteri Rimpang Temu Putih (Curcuma mangga Vall). Jurnal Sains dan Matematika. 15 (2) : 89-93.
- Shathele, M. S. and A. Fadlelmula. 2010. In vitro Effectiveness of Some Antifungal Drugs in Treatment of Trichophyton verrucosum; Dermatophytic Fungi. Saudi Arabia. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances. pp. 180-192.
- Shrivastava, A.K. 1996. Record of Aspergillus terreus (Thorn.) (Fungi) as fish pathogen. Indian J. Fish. 43 (2) : 203 – 204.
- Sugianti, Budi. 2005. Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional dalam Pengendalian Penyakit Ikan. Institut Pertanian Bogor. hal 702.
- Sugiawan, W. 2006. Peningkatan Efektivitas Media Isolasi Khamir Contoh Kecap dengan Penambahan Kecap. Bogor. Temu Teknis Nasional Tenaga Fungsional Pertanian. hal 76-80.
- Suryaningrum, E. R. 2011. Efek Antifungi Perasan Kulit Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystrix) terhadap Pertumbuhan Trichophyton mentagrophytes secara in vitro. Fakultas Kedokteran. Universitas Sebelas Maret. Surakarta. hal 35.
- Yuasa K., Novita P.,Meliya P., dan Edy B.K. 2003. Teknik Diagnosis Penyakit Ikan Budidaya Air Tawar di Indonesia. Japan International Cooperation Agency dan Panduan Diagnosis Penyakit Ikan. Balai Budidaya Air Tawar Jambi. hal 52-53.
- Youssef, M. S., N. F. Abo-Dahab and R. M. Farghaly. 2003. Studies on Mycological Status of Salted Fish "Moloha” in Upper Egypt. Mycobiology. 31 (3) : 166 – 172.
References
Akbar, J. 2008. Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Bunga Kecombrang (Nicolaia speciosa Horan) Terhadap Penyembuhan Infeksi Jamur Saprolegnia sp. Pada Ikan Nila Merah. Skripsi. Fakultas Perikanan Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. hal 71
Alves, J. L., J. H. C. Woudenberg, L. L. Duarte, P. W. Crous, and R. W. Barreto. 2013. Reappraisal of The Genus Alternariaster (Dothideomycetes). The Netherlands. Persoonia. pp. 77–85.
Balajee, S.A. 2009. Aspergillus terreus complex. Medical Mycology, 47 (Supplement 1). pp. 42-46.
Bansod, S. and M. Rai. 2008. Antifungal Activity of Essential Oils from Indian Medicinal Plants Against Human Pathogenic Aspergillus fumigatus and A. Niger. World Journal of Medical Sciences 3 (2) : 81 – 88.
Deak E, Wilson SD, White E, Carr JH, Balajee SA. 2009. Aspergillus terreus accessory conidia are unique in surface architecture, cell wall composition and germination kinetics. Plos One, 4: 7673.
Dharmagadda, V. S. S., M. Tandonb, P. Vasudevan. 2005. Biocidal activity of the essential oils of Lantana camara, Ocimum sanctum and Tagetes patula. Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research. 64: 53-56.
Hamdani, T. 2012. Uji Sensitivitas Perasan Daun Ceremai (Phyllanthus acidus L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Escherichia coli. Karya Tulis Ilmiah. Akademis Analis Kesehatan. Banda Aceh. hal 14.
Hasbi, S. 2012. Uji Sensitivitas Perasan Daun Alpokat (Persea mericana miller) terhadap Pseudomonas sp. Metode In Vitro. Karya Tulis Ilmiah. Akademis Analis Kesehatan. Banda Aceh. hal 15
Hashem, M. 2011. Isolation of Mycotoxinproducing Fungi from Fishes Growing in Aquacultures. Research Journal of Microbiology. ISSN 1816-4935 : 6-8.
Kadian, R. and M. Parle. 2012. Therapeutic potential and phytopharmacology of tulsi. International Journal of Pharmacy & Life Sciences. 32(3): 422-426.
McDonnell, G and A. Denver Russell. 1999. Antiseptics and Disinfectants: Activity, Action, and Resistance. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. pp. 153.
Rahman, S., R. Islam, M. Kasruzzaman, K. Alam, A. H. M. Jamal. 2011. Ocimum sanctum L. : A Review of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile. American Journal of Drug Discovery and Develpment. pp. 5.
Sari, F.Y. 2011. Daya Antibakteri Sari Buah Majapahit (Crescentia cujete L.) terhadap Bakteri Aeromonas salmonicida secara In Vitro. Skrisi. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan Universitas Airlangga. hal 104.
Sarjono, P. R. dan N. S. Mulyani. 2007. Aktivitas Antibakteri Rimpang Temu Putih (Curcuma mangga Vall). Jurnal Sains dan Matematika. 15 (2) : 89-93.
Shathele, M. S. and A. Fadlelmula. 2010. In vitro Effectiveness of Some Antifungal Drugs in Treatment of Trichophyton verrucosum; Dermatophytic Fungi. Saudi Arabia. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances. pp. 180-192.
Shrivastava, A.K. 1996. Record of Aspergillus terreus (Thorn.) (Fungi) as fish pathogen. Indian J. Fish. 43 (2) : 203 – 204.
Sugianti, Budi. 2005. Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional dalam Pengendalian Penyakit Ikan. Institut Pertanian Bogor. hal 702.
Sugiawan, W. 2006. Peningkatan Efektivitas Media Isolasi Khamir Contoh Kecap dengan Penambahan Kecap. Bogor. Temu Teknis Nasional Tenaga Fungsional Pertanian. hal 76-80.
Suryaningrum, E. R. 2011. Efek Antifungi Perasan Kulit Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystrix) terhadap Pertumbuhan Trichophyton mentagrophytes secara in vitro. Fakultas Kedokteran. Universitas Sebelas Maret. Surakarta. hal 35.
Yuasa K., Novita P.,Meliya P., dan Edy B.K. 2003. Teknik Diagnosis Penyakit Ikan Budidaya Air Tawar di Indonesia. Japan International Cooperation Agency dan Panduan Diagnosis Penyakit Ikan. Balai Budidaya Air Tawar Jambi. hal 52-53.
Youssef, M. S., N. F. Abo-Dahab and R. M. Farghaly. 2003. Studies on Mycological Status of Salted Fish "Moloha” in Upper Egypt. Mycobiology. 31 (3) : 166 – 172.