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Studi Perbandingan Kemampuan Nannochloropsis sp. dan Spirulina sp. sebagai Agen Bioremediasi Terhadap Logam Berat Timbal (Pb)
[Comparative Study Of Ability Nannochloropsis sp. And Spirulina sp. As Agent Bioremediation Of Heavy Metal Plumbum (Pb) ]
Corresponding Author(s) : Endang Dewi Masithah
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 5 No. 2 (2013): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Abstract
Microalgae species Nannochloropsis sp. can used as heavy metal biosorben because of it's adsorption capability that caused by the active cluster which contained in that species (Sembiring et al., 2008). Chlorella sp. is one of phytoplankton species that has the bioaccumulation ability of heavy metals and easily cultivated (Arifin, 1997). Lead (Pb) is a mineral belonging to microelements, is a heavy metal and is a potentially toxic material. Water bodies that have been polluted by compounds or ions Pb because can lead to the death of aquatic biota, the number of Lead (Pb) present in water bodies exceeding the proper concentration (Palar, 2004). One way to anticipate the increasing heavy metal pollution in the water is to bioremediation. The research using experimentally, the research design used was completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of four treatments with five replications. The concentrations of heavy metals Plumbum (Pb) used is 0 ppm and 0.9 ppm. The main parameters in this study is the ability of bioremediation Plumbum (Pb) by Nannochloropsis sp. and Chlorella sp. SPSS analytics normality test results and test the ability of T 95% in Nannochloropsis sp. and Chlorella sp. in absorbing heavy metals Plumbum (Pb) concentrations of 0 ppm and 0.9 ppm indicate that the data is normal and the results obtained were significantly different / significant. While the analysis of SPSS test T on heavy metal absorption capability comparison Plumbum (Pb) concentration of 0 ppm and 0.9 ppm by Nannochloropsis sp. and Chlorella sp. showed that the results were not significantly different / non significant. On average results obtained, Nannochloropsis sp. have a higher capacity than Chlorella sp. in the bioremediation process of heavy metals Plumbum (Pb).
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- Arifin. 1997. Studi Interaksi antara Kadmium dan Fitoplankton Lingkungan Laut, Thesis. Program Pasca Sarjana Program Studi Kimia FMIPA UGM. Yogyakarta.
- Darmono. 2001. Lingkungan Hidup Dan Pencemaran Hubungannya Dengan Toksikologi Senyawa Logam. Universitas Indonesia Press. Jakarta.
- Fachrullah, M. R. 2011. Laju Pertumbuhan Mikroalga Penghasil Biofuel Jenis Chlorella sp. dan Nannochloropsis sp. yang Dikultivasi Menggunakan Air Limbah Hasil Penambangan Timah di Pulau Bangka. Skripsi. IPB. Bogor. 102 Hal.
- Friberg, L., Piscator, M., Nordberg, G. F. and Kjellstrom, L. 1974. Cadmium in the Environment. Dalam: Connel, D. W.
- dan Miller, G. J. 1995. Kimia dan Otoksikologi Pencemaran. Cetakan Pertama. Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta.
- Gunawati, W. D. 2009. Bioremoval Timbal Oleh Sprirulina platensis. Skripsi. Program Studi Biologi. Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi. Universitas Airlangga. Surabaya.
- Hutagalung, H. 1995. Heavy Metals Content in Sediment in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Dalam : Asean Criteria and Monitoring. Advance in Marine Environmental Management and Human Health Protection (Watson D, KS Wong and Vigers Eds) Asean Canada CPMS II. Proceeding of Asean Canada Midterm Technical Review Conference on Marine Science, Singapore 24-28 Oktober 1994. Hal: 273-275
- Kusriningrum. 2008. Perancangan Percobaan. Airlangga University Press. Surabaya. Hal 21.
- Munir, E. 2006. Pemanfaatan Mikroba dalam Bioremediasi: Suatu Teknologi Alternatif untuk PelestarianLingkungan. Pidato Pengukuhan Guru Besar Tetap dalam Bidang Mikrobiologi FMIPA USU. Sumatera Utara. Hal 5.
- Palar, H. 2004. Pencemaran dan Toksikologi Logam Berat. PT Rineka Cipta. Jakarta.
- Pandebesie, S. E. Dan J, Hermana. 2001. Inhibisi Kadmium Terhadap Pertumbuhan Algae Hijau (Chlorella sp.). Jurnal Purifikasi. 2: 301-306.
- Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 2001 tentang Pengendalian Pencemaran Air dan Pengelolaan Kualitas Air.
- Sembiring, Z., Suharso., Regina., Marta F. dan Murniyarti. 2008. Studi proses adsorpsi-desorpsi ion logam Pb(II), Cu(II), dan Cd(II) terhadap pengaruh waktu dan konsentrasi pada biomassa Nannochloropsis sp. Yang terenkapsulasi aqua-gel silika dengan metode kontinyu. Jurnal Kimia dalam Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi II. Universitas Lampung. 17-18 November 2008.
- Venkataraman, G. S. 1969. The Cultivation of Algae Indian Council of Agricultural Research. New Delhi.
- Wardhany, S. Y. 2010. Analisa Kemampuan Mikroalga Nannochloropsis sp. Sebagai Bioremediator Timbal (Pb) Dengan Konsentrasi Berbeda. Skripsi. Universitas Brawijaya. Malang.
- Wisnu, C. 2006. Analisis dan Aspek Kesehatan Bahan Tambahan Pangan. Bumi Aksara, Jakarta.
References
Arifin. 1997. Studi Interaksi antara Kadmium dan Fitoplankton Lingkungan Laut, Thesis. Program Pasca Sarjana Program Studi Kimia FMIPA UGM. Yogyakarta.
Darmono. 2001. Lingkungan Hidup Dan Pencemaran Hubungannya Dengan Toksikologi Senyawa Logam. Universitas Indonesia Press. Jakarta.
Fachrullah, M. R. 2011. Laju Pertumbuhan Mikroalga Penghasil Biofuel Jenis Chlorella sp. dan Nannochloropsis sp. yang Dikultivasi Menggunakan Air Limbah Hasil Penambangan Timah di Pulau Bangka. Skripsi. IPB. Bogor. 102 Hal.
Friberg, L., Piscator, M., Nordberg, G. F. and Kjellstrom, L. 1974. Cadmium in the Environment. Dalam: Connel, D. W.
dan Miller, G. J. 1995. Kimia dan Otoksikologi Pencemaran. Cetakan Pertama. Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta.
Gunawati, W. D. 2009. Bioremoval Timbal Oleh Sprirulina platensis. Skripsi. Program Studi Biologi. Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi. Universitas Airlangga. Surabaya.
Hutagalung, H. 1995. Heavy Metals Content in Sediment in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Dalam : Asean Criteria and Monitoring. Advance in Marine Environmental Management and Human Health Protection (Watson D, KS Wong and Vigers Eds) Asean Canada CPMS II. Proceeding of Asean Canada Midterm Technical Review Conference on Marine Science, Singapore 24-28 Oktober 1994. Hal: 273-275
Kusriningrum. 2008. Perancangan Percobaan. Airlangga University Press. Surabaya. Hal 21.
Munir, E. 2006. Pemanfaatan Mikroba dalam Bioremediasi: Suatu Teknologi Alternatif untuk PelestarianLingkungan. Pidato Pengukuhan Guru Besar Tetap dalam Bidang Mikrobiologi FMIPA USU. Sumatera Utara. Hal 5.
Palar, H. 2004. Pencemaran dan Toksikologi Logam Berat. PT Rineka Cipta. Jakarta.
Pandebesie, S. E. Dan J, Hermana. 2001. Inhibisi Kadmium Terhadap Pertumbuhan Algae Hijau (Chlorella sp.). Jurnal Purifikasi. 2: 301-306.
Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 2001 tentang Pengendalian Pencemaran Air dan Pengelolaan Kualitas Air.
Sembiring, Z., Suharso., Regina., Marta F. dan Murniyarti. 2008. Studi proses adsorpsi-desorpsi ion logam Pb(II), Cu(II), dan Cd(II) terhadap pengaruh waktu dan konsentrasi pada biomassa Nannochloropsis sp. Yang terenkapsulasi aqua-gel silika dengan metode kontinyu. Jurnal Kimia dalam Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi II. Universitas Lampung. 17-18 November 2008.
Venkataraman, G. S. 1969. The Cultivation of Algae Indian Council of Agricultural Research. New Delhi.
Wardhany, S. Y. 2010. Analisa Kemampuan Mikroalga Nannochloropsis sp. Sebagai Bioremediator Timbal (Pb) Dengan Konsentrasi Berbeda. Skripsi. Universitas Brawijaya. Malang.
Wisnu, C. 2006. Analisis dan Aspek Kesehatan Bahan Tambahan Pangan. Bumi Aksara, Jakarta.