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Sargassum Sp. Sebagai Biokontrol Terhadap Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Yang Terserap Oleh Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa)
[Sargassum Sp. As Biocontroll To Timbale (Pb) Heavy Metal Contens That Absorbed By Shell (Anadara granosa) ]
Corresponding Author(s) : Mochammad Amin Alamsjah
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2010): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Abstract
Abstract
Shell is aquatic organism class of Molluscs as non selective filter feeder and also as seafood main menu. In other side many food poisoning case was found as result consuming of Shell. Timbale (Pb) is one of very dangerous heavy metal and able to caused of poisoning in organism. According to PP RI Number 82/2001 Pb concentration that was suitable with maximum limit of aquatic quality is 0,03 ppm. Sargassum sp. also was knowned have been absorbing ability for heavy metal like Pb that spread in aquatic. Hopeable with a Sargassum sp. as biocontroll model on timbale heavy metal contens is able to prevent food poisoning causing contaminated shell consumtion. This research was done in Fisheries Laboratorium Fisheries and Marine Faculty Airlangga University on 15th – 11th 2010. The research method is experiment with design of experiment that used is Completely Randomized Design Factorial with three replicates (I, II and III) and consist of two factors, that is Pb(NO3)2 in concentration 0.015 ppm, 0.03 ppm and 0.06 ppm, Sargassum sp. in weight 100 g, 200 g and 400 g. Data analysis using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if there are any different it could be continued with Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) Test to known interaction between treatments. Result of the research indicates that Pb dose is significantly (p<0.05) to Pb contens number that absorp by Sargassum sp. among research. It's supported by HSD test indicates that highest result is A3 (Pb(NO3)2 0,06 ppm) that significantly with A2 (Pb(NO3)2 0,03 ppm) and A1 (Pb(NO3)2 0,015 ppm). Sargassum sp. is also be able to used as biocontroll to timbale heavy metal contens that absorbed by shell, because in low and highest dose Sargassum sp. absorption capacity to the timbale always bigger than shell absorption capacity . In other side, there are no interaction between timbale dose and weight of Sargassum sp. to timbale contens that absorbed by shell.
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- Alamsjah, M.A., Hirao S., Ishibashi F., and Fujita Y. 2005. Isolation and Structure Determination of Algicidal Compounds from Ulva fasciata. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 69: 2186-2192.
- Alamsjah, M.A. 2007. An Overview of The Seaweed Cultivation in Several Countries. National Seminar of Aquaculture Development as a Support for Increasing Indonesia Economy. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, 27 November 2007. 12 pp.
- Buhani, Suharso dan Sumadi. 2008. Peningkatan Kapasitas dan Selektivitas Asdorpsi Biomassa Alga Terhadap Logam Berat dengan Teknik Sol Gel. Fakultas MIPA dan Fakultas Teknik. Universitas Lampung. Lampung. 6 hal.
- Darmono. 1995. Logam Dalam Sistem Biologi Makhluk Hidup. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.
- Effendie, M.1. 1997. Biologi Perikanan. Yayasan Pustaka Nusantama. Yogyakarta. Hal 92-105.
- Kadi, A. 2007. Beberapa Catatan Kehadiran Marga Sargassum di Perairan Indonesia. Bidang Sumber Daya Laut, Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi LIPI. Jakarta. 14 hal.
- Kusriningrum, R.S. 2008. Perancangan Percobaan. Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Airlangga. Airlangga University Press. Surabaya. Hal 5-69.
- Murtini, J.T., Yusma Y., dan Rosmawaty Peranginangin. 2003. Kandungan Logam Berat Pada Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa), Air Laut dan Sedimen Di Perairan Tanjung Balai dan Bagan Siapi-api. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia Volume 9 Nomor 5. 4 hal.
- Narbuko, C., dan Achmadi, A. 2007. Metodologi Penelitian. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara. 44 hal.
- Phillips. D.J.H. 1976. The common mussel, Mytilus edulis as an indicator of pollution by zinc, cadmium, lead and copper. I. effect of environmental variables on uptake of metals. Marine Biology 38: 59-69.
- Rachmat, R. 1999. Kandungan dan Karakteristik Fisiko Kimia Alginat dari Sargassum sp. yang Dikumpulkan dari Perairan Indonesia. Lanoratorium Produk Alam Laut, Puslitbang Oseanologi LIPI. Jakarta. 8 hal.
- Rahman, A. 2006. Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dan Kadmium (Cd) pada Beberapa Jenis Krustasea Di Pantai Batakan dan Takisung Kabupaten Tanah Laut Kalimantan Selatan. Progaram Studi Biologi FMIPA Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. Kalimantan Selatan. 9 hal.
- Scheuer, P.J. 1994. Produk Alami Lautan dari Segi Kimiawi dan Biologi. Terjemahan: Marine Natural Product. IKIP Semarang Press. Semarang.
- Suaniti, N.M. 2007. Pengaruh EDTA Dalam Penentuan Kandungan Timbal dan Tembaga Pada Kerang Hijau (Mytilus viridis). Laboratorium Kimia Analitik, Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Udayana. Bali. 7 hal.
- Silviana, I.N. 2009. Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk Kompos dan NPK Terhadap Pertumbuhan, Jumlah Klorofil α dan Kadar Air. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan. Universitas Airlangga. Surabaya. 99 hal
- Ulfin, I. 2001. Penyerapan Logam Berat Timbal dan Cadmium dalam Larutan oleh Kayu Apu (Pistia stratiotes L). Majalah KAPPA Vol.2, No. 1 Januari 2001, Surabaya: Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November.
References
Alamsjah, M.A., Hirao S., Ishibashi F., and Fujita Y. 2005. Isolation and Structure Determination of Algicidal Compounds from Ulva fasciata. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 69: 2186-2192.
Alamsjah, M.A. 2007. An Overview of The Seaweed Cultivation in Several Countries. National Seminar of Aquaculture Development as a Support for Increasing Indonesia Economy. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, 27 November 2007. 12 pp.
Buhani, Suharso dan Sumadi. 2008. Peningkatan Kapasitas dan Selektivitas Asdorpsi Biomassa Alga Terhadap Logam Berat dengan Teknik Sol Gel. Fakultas MIPA dan Fakultas Teknik. Universitas Lampung. Lampung. 6 hal.
Darmono. 1995. Logam Dalam Sistem Biologi Makhluk Hidup. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.
Effendie, M.1. 1997. Biologi Perikanan. Yayasan Pustaka Nusantama. Yogyakarta. Hal 92-105.
Kadi, A. 2007. Beberapa Catatan Kehadiran Marga Sargassum di Perairan Indonesia. Bidang Sumber Daya Laut, Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi LIPI. Jakarta. 14 hal.
Kusriningrum, R.S. 2008. Perancangan Percobaan. Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Airlangga. Airlangga University Press. Surabaya. Hal 5-69.
Murtini, J.T., Yusma Y., dan Rosmawaty Peranginangin. 2003. Kandungan Logam Berat Pada Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa), Air Laut dan Sedimen Di Perairan Tanjung Balai dan Bagan Siapi-api. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia Volume 9 Nomor 5. 4 hal.
Narbuko, C., dan Achmadi, A. 2007. Metodologi Penelitian. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara. 44 hal.
Phillips. D.J.H. 1976. The common mussel, Mytilus edulis as an indicator of pollution by zinc, cadmium, lead and copper. I. effect of environmental variables on uptake of metals. Marine Biology 38: 59-69.
Rachmat, R. 1999. Kandungan dan Karakteristik Fisiko Kimia Alginat dari Sargassum sp. yang Dikumpulkan dari Perairan Indonesia. Lanoratorium Produk Alam Laut, Puslitbang Oseanologi LIPI. Jakarta. 8 hal.
Rahman, A. 2006. Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dan Kadmium (Cd) pada Beberapa Jenis Krustasea Di Pantai Batakan dan Takisung Kabupaten Tanah Laut Kalimantan Selatan. Progaram Studi Biologi FMIPA Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. Kalimantan Selatan. 9 hal.
Scheuer, P.J. 1994. Produk Alami Lautan dari Segi Kimiawi dan Biologi. Terjemahan: Marine Natural Product. IKIP Semarang Press. Semarang.
Suaniti, N.M. 2007. Pengaruh EDTA Dalam Penentuan Kandungan Timbal dan Tembaga Pada Kerang Hijau (Mytilus viridis). Laboratorium Kimia Analitik, Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Udayana. Bali. 7 hal.
Silviana, I.N. 2009. Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk Kompos dan NPK Terhadap Pertumbuhan, Jumlah Klorofil α dan Kadar Air. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan. Universitas Airlangga. Surabaya. 99 hal
Ulfin, I. 2001. Penyerapan Logam Berat Timbal dan Cadmium dalam Larutan oleh Kayu Apu (Pistia stratiotes L). Majalah KAPPA Vol.2, No. 1 Januari 2001, Surabaya: Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November.